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10 protocols using methocel

1

HPMC-PEG Polymer Film Fabrication

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Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), trade name METHOCEL, in grades E3 and E15 was obtained from Dow Chemical (Midland, Michigan, North America). PEG-400 was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Milwaukee, Wisconsin, North America). Appropriate amounts of E3, E15 and PEG were mixed in desired amounts with ethanol and water, and a homogeneous solution was obtained through mixing with an electric stirrer for 24 h. After completion of the blending process, the solution was carefully stored in glass bottles at rest for 12 h to eliminate air bubbles. Solvent casting was carried out using a casting knife applicator from Elcometer (Rochester Hills, Michigan, North America) on heat-resistant borosilicate glass. All of the steps were carried out in a chemical laboratory where ambient conditions of 18° ± 2 °C and R.H. 20 ± 5% were noted. The residual moisture content in the films after drying was measured using Karl Fischer titration.
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2

Ceramic Membranes for Textile Wastewater Treatment

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The clay used was obtained from Sidi Badr deposit (locality of Tabarka) located in the North -West of Tunisia. The clay powder was sieved at 250 μm.
Additives employed in the membrane preparation were : Amijel (C plus 12076, Cerestar) as plasticizer, Methocel (Dow Chemical Company) as binder and Starch (Cerestar RG 03408) as porosity agent. The composition of the resulting paste as reported from a previous study and used in this study was 84% (w/w) clay, 8% (w/w) starch, 4% (w/w) Methocel and 4% (w/w) Amijel [27] . The textile wastewater effluent was provided by a local company. Two types of effluents were used : raw effluent coming from the dyeing process and biologically pretreated effluent (obtained after biological treatment by activated sludge) (see section 3 for the composition).
The wastewaters were characterized and checked for the following parameters: conductivity (using a conductimeter Tacussel model 123), pH (using a pH meter, Metrohm 744 pH-meter), turbidity (using a turbidimeter, Hach Ratio 2100 A), chemical oxygen demand (COD) (using a standard COD kit) and color intensity (using a UV spectrophotometer, UV-9200).
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3

Catalyst Precursor Extrusion and Sulfidation

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Example 4

Extrusion Process

In this example, 40 of dried catalyst precursor prepared as per examples 1-3 was mixed with 0.8 g of methocel, (a commercially available methylcellulose and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose polymer from Dow Chemical Company), and approximately 7 g of DI water was added. Another 7 g of water was slowly added until the mixture was of an extrudable consistency. The mixture was then extruded and dried under N2 at 120° C. prior to sulfiding.

Example 6

Sulfidation with DMDS Gas Phase

Catalyst precursors of Exanvies 1-3 extruded as per example 4 were placed in a tubular reactor. The temperature was raised to 450° F. at a rate of 100° F./hr under N2(g) 8 ft3/hr. The reaction was continued for 1 hour after which time the N2 was switched off and replaced with H2 at 8 ft3/hr and 100 psig for 1 hour. The H2 pressure was then increased to 300 psig and maintained for less than 1 hr. after which time dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) was added at a rate of 4 cc/hour and then reaction allowed to proceed for 4 hr. The catalyst precursor was then heated to 600° F. and the rate of DMDS addition increased to 8 cc/hr. The temperature, was niaintained at 600° F. for 2 hours after which time suifidation was complete.

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4

Short-Term Explant Cultures for Xenograft Analysis

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Short-term explant cultures from xenograft lines were grown in DMEM (VWR) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Atlanta Biologicals) or in serum-free media (StemPro NSC SFM; Invitrogen) at 37°C in 5% CO2. Cyquant and neurosphere formation assays were performed as described (14 (link)). TMZ (Sigma) and MK-1775 (Merck) were dissolved in DMSO, stored at −20°C, and diluted in culture medium for in vitro assays. For in vivo studies, TMZ (Mayo Clinic Pharmacy) was suspended in Ora-plus (Perrigo) and MK-1775 in 0.5% Methocel (DOW Chemicals), and both were administered orally. Antibodies used were phospho-S345-Chk1, phospho-T68-Chk2, phospho-Y15-CDK1 (Cell Signaling); CDK1 and β-actin (Thermo-Pierce); γH2AX, Chk1 and Chk2 (Millipore); Wee1, phospho-S824-KAP1 (Abcam) and KAP1 (Santa Cruz).
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5

Silver Film Slurry Formulation and Preparation

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EXAMPLE 3

This example illustrates, in Table 2, a formulation of a film slurry composition that can provide a silver film, and a method of making the film slurry.

TABLE 2
% Composition
IngredientsOf Slurry
Methylcellulose E15* 3.92%
Methylcellulose E50* 3.92%
Cerestar cornstarch 126400.392%
Solka - floc 300 1.57%
Tween 800.474%
Canola Oil0.949%
Timeron 2.00%
Water to make  100%
*Methylcellulose E15 and methylcellulose E50 are hydroxypropyl methylcellulose food grade polymers (Methocel ™; Dow Chemical Co.).

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6

Chitosan-Based Hydrogel Preparation

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Low-molecular-weight chitosan (DD = 75%–85%), dl-lactic acid (85% syrup) and 99% glycerol were obtained from Sigma Aldrich, Poznań, Poland. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, Methocel™, was purchased from Dow Chemical Co., Midland, MI, USA. Cellulase CP CONC (C) with an activity of 120 U/mg and side activity (typical) of 30 U/mg of β-glucanase was produced by the fermentation of non-GMO Trichoderma longibrachiatum (formerly Trichoderma reesei) that was obtained from Dyadic (Jupiter, FL, USA).
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7

Coronary CT Angiography of Fresh Hearts

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The heart preparation was described previously (10 (link),21 (link)). The fresh hearts were imaged without formalin fixation by using a 64–detector row CT scanner (High-Definition, GE Discovery, or CT 750HD; GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, Wis). For coronary CT angiography, a 3% mixture of iodinated contrast material (iopamidol [Isovue 370; Bracco Diagnostics, Milan, Italy]) and methylcellulose (Methocel; Dow Chemical, Midland, Mich) was used. All data sets were acquired in the sequential acquisition mode with collimation of 64 × 0.625 mm, rotation time of 0.35 second, tube voltage of 120 kV, and tube current–time product of 500 mAs. The images were reconstructed with a section thickness of 0.6 mm and an increment of 0.4 mm by using an adaptive iterative reconstruction technique (ASIR, GE Healthcare). Images from coronary CT angiography were analyzed with an offline workstation (Leonardo; Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany). After CT imaging, the coronary arteries were excised with surrounding tissue and the side branches were ligated. Specimen preparation and coronary CT angiography were performed within 4 hours after receiving the heart to avoid potential postmortem tissue changes.
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8

Hydrogel-Encapsulated Electrospun Fiber Dispersion

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A hydrogel composed of 1.5% SeaPrep (Lonza) agarose and 7.0% Methocel (Dow Chemical) methylcellulose was created in a manner similar to that of Martin et al.28 (link) Electrospun fibers as produced in the preceding sections were dispersed into the hydrogel matrix by first removing the PVA film with fibers from the coverglass substrate, cutting the samples perpendicular to fiber alignment into 1.0 mm wide strips, and dissolving the PVA substrate overnight in water. The solution was passed through 22 gauge and then 26 gauge needles by a 1mL syringe to disrupt the fiber strips. A 0.45 μm microcentrifuge filter was used to isolate the fibers from the PVA solution. The fibers were washed with deionized water to remove the residual PVA and then sterilized by 80% ethanol for 15 minutes before subsequent centrifugation. The dry, sterilized fibers were then removed from the filter membrane, placed onto 500 μL of hydrogel in a 2.0 mL microcentrifuge tube (10 coverslips of fibers for high density and 5 for low density), drawn into a 1 mL slip-tip syringe with the needle removed, and forcefully dispensed back into the microcentrifuge tube multiple times to disperse the fibers throughout the gel. Each sample was then passed through a 26 g needle to ensure full dispersion. All samples were kept on ice until the point of application.
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9

Virus Quantification by Plaque Assay

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Virus concentration was measured by plaque assay using Vero cells. Viral inoculum was serially diluted in DMEM and added to Vero cells at 80% confluence for 1 hour. Inoculum was removed and replaced with a DMEM solution containing 1% methocel (Dow) and 2% FBS then, cells were incubated at 37°C for about 3 days or until the formation of plaques. Once plaques appeared, cells were fixed and stained in 0.5% methylene blue in 70% methanol. Plaques were counted manually and MOI was calculated as plaque forming units per milliliter (pfu/ml) based on the dilution factor.
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10

Ex Vivo Coronary CTA Imaging

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The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. CTA data was obtained for 5 intact hearts excised from organ donors with coronary artery disease using a standardized clinical coronary CTA protocol. Details on specimen procurement, preparation and imaging have been previously described [26 (link), 27 (link)]. Briefly, CTA was performed by filling coronaries with a mixture of low-viscosity methylcellulose (Methocel; DOW Chemical Company, Midland, MI) containing 3% iodinated contrast agent (Isovue 370, Bracco Diagnostics, Princeton, NY) to achieve an intraluminal attenuation of ~250-350 HU, resembling that of in vivo CTA. Each heart was immersed in canola oil and scanned on a 64-detector row CT scanner (GE Discovery CT750 HD; GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA). CT scan parameters included 0.625 mm section thickness, 0.39 mm in-plane resolution, 0.35 sec gantry rotation time, 120 kV tube voltage, and 625 mA tube current. Ex vivo imaging was deemed ideal for this study as the lack of motion and surrounding tissues enabled consistent, high-contrast visualization of small side branches using a clinical CT scanner and imaging protocol.
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