Protaper universal rotary files

A standardized procedure was performed for both groups. The first visit included local anesthesia, rubber dam isolation, access cavity preparation, working length determination, and shaping and cleaning, that was carried out using ProTaper Universal rotary files (Dentsply Maillefer, Switzerland) till F1. Each canal was irrigated with 3% sodium hypochlorite (Prime Dental Products Pvt Ltd., India). Final irrigation was carried out using 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, followed by normal saline as a final flush. At this point of time, the clinician removed a card from the envelope to reveal the number of visits to be followed for the final obturation. The canals were dried using paper points, and teeth in the single-visit group were obturated in the initial appointment using F1 gutta-percha cones (Dentsply Maillefer) and AH Plus sealer (Dentsply De Trey, Konstanz, Germany). Teeth in two-visit groups were sealed with a sterile dry cotton pellet and temporary filling material (MD-TempPlus; Meta Biomed Co. Ltd., Korea). The patients were recalled for the second appointment 1 week later, and teeth were obturated using the same method and material.