Isorhamnetin 3 glucoside

Wine alcohol 65% v/v was obtained from winery Ouro Verde-Miolo Wine Group (Casa Nova, BA, Brazil). Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, ethanol, potassium persulfate, phosphoric acid, and potassium phosphate monobasic were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromate-2-carboxylic acid) and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6 sulfonic acid) (ABTS) were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Methanol was from J.T. Baker (Phillipsburg, NJ, USA). Ultrapure water was obtained with a Marte Científica purification system (São Paulo, SP, Brazil). External standards of gallic acid, syringic acid, benzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, o-coumaric acid, cinnamic acid, procyanidin B₁, catechin, procyanidin B₂, and caffeic acid came from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Epigallocatechin gallate, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, procyanidin A₂, quercetin 3-glucoside, rutin, kaempferol 3-glucoside, myricetin, and isorhamnetin 3-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside came from Extrasynthese (Genay, France). The trans-Resveratrol was obtained from Cayman Chemical Company (Michigan, EUA, Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

Intestinal Acetone powder from a rat source of α-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20), α-amylase from porcine pancreas type VI-B (EC 3.2.1.1), pancreatin from porcine pancreas, pepsin from the gastric mucosa of pigs, bile from bovine and ovine, TRIS-HCl, acarbose, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, (+)-catechin, cinchonine, (+)-catechin, (−)-epicatechin, kaempferol 3-glucoside, naringin, sodium chloride, maltose, formic acid, methanol, and acetonitrile were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). Acetone, ethanol, ethyl acetate, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, iodine, potassium iodide, disodium phosphate, and monosodium phosphate were purchased from Chempur (Piekary Śląskie, Poland). Potato starch and calcium chloride were purchased from POCH (Gliwice, Poland) and glucose test from Biomaxima SA (Lublin, Poland). Quercetin 3-glucoside, quercetin 3-rutinoside, quercetin 3-rhamnoside, and isorhamnetin 3-glucoside were obtained from Extrasynthese (Lyon, France). Procyanidin C1, procyanidin B1, procyanidin B2, neochlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid were purchased from PhytoLab (Vestenbergsgreuth, Germany). Kaempferol was purchased from ICN Biomedicals (Costa Mesa, CA, USA). Ultrapurity water was prepared in the laboratory using a Simplicity Water Purification System (Millipore, Marlborough, MA, USA).

Acetonitrile, formic acid, and methanol (MeOH) were of HPLC-gradient grade and were purchased from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain). The water was treated in a Milli-Q system (Millipore, Milford, MA, USA). Catechin, epiCatechin, Catechin gallate, epiCatechin gallate, procyanidins B1 and B2, myricetin-3-glucoside, myricetin-3-galactoside, querce-tin-3-glucoside, quercetin-3-glucuronide, kaempherol-3-glucoside, kaempherol-3-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-glucoside, and isorhamnetin-3-rutinoside were purchased by Extrasynthese (Lyon, France) and gallic, caffeic, ferulic, and coutaric acids were purchased from Aldrich (Munich, Germany).