the synthesized IL was confirmed using a Bruker Ascend Aeon WB 400
(Bruker BioSpin AG, Fällanden, Switzerland) nuclear magnetic
resonance (NMR) spectrometer. The working frequencies were 400.21
MHz for 1H, 100.64 MHz for 13C, and 162.01 MHz
for 31P. DMSO-d6 was used as
a solvent, and the data were processed using Bruker Topspin 3.5 software.
The NMR resonance lines assignment is given below.
1H NMR (400.21 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ/ppm:
7.45 (1H, s, O–CH=CH), 6.64–6.30 (1H, m, CH–CH=C),
6.34–6.33 (1H, m, CH=CH–CH), 2.22–2.14
(8H, m, 4× PCH2), 1.45–1.21 (48H, m, −CH2−), 0.86–0.81 (12H, t, −CH3). 13C NMR (100.63 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ/ppm: anion (162.72, 154.09, 142.66, 111.72, 111.09), cation
(31.92, 30.40, 29.69, 29.59, 22.71, 22.42, 18.37, 17.90, 14.44, 14.38). 31P NMR (162.01 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ/ppm:
33.51. The 1H, 13C, and 31P NMR spectra
of [P6,6,6,14][FuA] in DMSO-d6 are shown in the
Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy
(FT-IR, Nicolet iS10) was
used to further characterize the structure of the synthesized IL.
Morphology and the surface roughness of TNAs were characterized by
field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM, JSM-7800F PRIME)
and AFM (Bruker ICON). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, PHI
QuantERA II) was used to analyze the percentage of Cyt c on TNAs.