Human aortas were obtained from cadaver organ donors. We collected 1 normal and 2 atherosclerotic ascending aorta samples, judged by medical history and Oil Red O and H&E staining of the aortic tissues. The clinical and demographic characteristics of the cadaver organ donors are shown in Table I . All the samples were obtained from cadaver organ donors, who died due to car accidents. The aortic tissues were obtained, at the same time with other donated organs, after the clinical announcement of brain death, with circulation stabilization, and also with signed organ donor documents, consent and the agreement of family members, and ethics committee approval. All procedures were approved by the Clinical Ethics Committee of Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University (Guangzhou, China). For examination under a Hitachi S-3400N scanning electron microscope (serial no. 341117-08; Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), vessel sections were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in PBS overnight. After washing 3 times with PBS, the sections were dehydrated in a series of ethanol dilutions (30, 50, 70, 90 and 100%), dried by the critical-point method, sputtered by gold-palladium and prepared for anlaysis using a Hitachi S-3400N scanning electron microscope (Hitachi, Ltd.).
S 3400n scanning electron microscope
Manufactured by Hitachi
Sourced in Japan, United Kingdom
The S-3400N is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) manufactured by Hitachi. As an SEM, its core function is to produce high-resolution images of sample surfaces by scanning them with a focused beam of electrons. The S-3400N is designed to provide a wide range of magnification capabilities and high-quality imaging performance.
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Lab products found in correlation
Quorum q150r es sputter coater, by Quorum Technologies (6 mentions)
Lsm 710, by Zeiss (4 mentions)
Bx53 microscope, by Olympus (3 mentions)
Eclipse 80i, by Nikon (3 mentions)
Nano xflash detector 5010, by Bruker (3 mentions)
Silica gel, by Qingdao Haiyang Chemical (3 mentions)
Sc7640 sputter coater, by Quorum Technologies (2 mentions)
H 7500 transmission electron microscope, by Hitachi (2 mentions)
Asap 2460, by Micromeritics (2 mentions)
Escalab xi x ray photoelectron spectrometer, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Dimension icon scan asyst atomic force microscope, by Bruker (2 mentions)
Em cpd, by Leica (2 mentions)
Polaron scanning electron microscope e 1010, by Hitachi (2 mentions)
Scanning electron microscope, by Hitachi (1 mentions)
Szx9 stereomicroscope, by Olympus (1 mentions)
Ultradry eds detector, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Miniflexii, by Hitachi (1 mentions)
Toluidine blue, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Dm2500, by Leica (1 mentions)
3 aminopropyltriethoxysilane, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
169 protocols using s 3400n scanning electron microscope
1
Scanning Electron Microscopy of Atherosclerotic Aorta
2
Stomatal Closure Imaging in Poplar Leaves
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The leaf at the eighth node from 2‐month‐old poplar was fixed immediately with liquid nitrogen for 30 s. Stomatal images were collected using a Hitachi S‐3400 N scanning electron microscope. More than 100 guard cells from each sample were measured. For ABA‐induced stomatal closure, the leaves were submerged in a stomata‐opening solution (OS) containing 0.01 M KCl, 0.1 M CaCl2 and 0.01 mm MES‐KOH for 0.5 h in the dark and 2.0 h in the light, and then, 5 μm ABA was added. The stomata were fixed with liquid nitrogen after 0, 1.5 and 3 h of ABA treatment. The stomatal images were collected using a Hitachi S‐3400 N scanning electron microscope. More than 19 guard cells from each sample were measured. The stomatal area was calculated as length × width ×3.14 × 1/4 (μm2) (Wang et al., 2018 (link)).
3
Microscopic Examination of 2017A Alloy
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The microscopic examination of the 2017A alloy after casting and after heat treatment were performed using a Leica DMI 3000 M a Nikon Epiphot 300 light microscope (NIKON Solutions, Nagoya, Japan) and a HITACHI S-3400N scanning electron microscope (Hitachi High Technologies, Tokyo, Japan) with an EDS system for X-ray microanalysis (Oxford Instruments, High Wycombe, UK). The specimen size for the microscopic test was ~2.5 cm2. The specimens were cut from the ingot using a precision cutting machine Discotom–6 (Struers, Copenhagen, Denmark) and mounted in a bakelite (Struers, Copenhagen, Denmark). The specimen size for the microscopic test was ~2.5 cm2. The specimens were cut from the ingot using a precision cutting machine Discotom–6 and mounted in a bakelite. They were ground with SiC papers, 500, 800, 1000, and 1200 grit, and polished using 3 and 1 µm diamond polycrystalline suspensions. The final polishing was performed by application of alumina (Al2O3) suspension. Observation of the microstructure was carried out on polished, non-etched, and etched in the room temperature samples with a modified Keller’s reagent: 2 cm3 HF + 3 cm3 HCl + 20 cm3 HNO3 + 175 cm3 H2O. Fractographic studies of the fractures of the samples obtained after the static tensile test were also carried out using a scanning electron microscope (Hitachi High Technologies).
4
Bone Resorption Assay with RAW 264.7 Cells
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To study the effect on bone resorption, RAW 264.7 cells were seeded onto 50 μm thick bovine bone slices and incubated with a-MEM containing RANKL (50 ng/mL) in the presence of W3 or the vehicle control for 7 days at 37℃ and 5% CO2. After 7 days, cells were removed by sonication and the bovine bone slices was stained to identify resorption pits with toluidine blue staining. Resorption lacunaes were also visualized using a Hitachi S-3400N scanning electron microscope (Hitachi High-tech, Japan).
5
SEM Examination of Leaf Micromorphology
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Scanning electron microscopy measurements were carried out on three leaf pieces per scion/rootstock combination and fertigation level (typically 1 cm2) (n = 3) cut with a razor blade from mid-laminar areas at between 10:00 and 11:00 am. Leaves were then immediately fixed in cold (4 °C) 2.5% (v/v) glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer at pH 7.2, rinsed in a 0.1 M cacodylate buffer at pH 7.2, dehydrated through a graded ethanol series (30%, 50%, 75%, 90% and 100%) and dried under CO2 in an Emitech K850 critical point dryer (Quorum Technologies Ltd, Ashford, U.K.)29 (link). Specimens were mounted on aluminum stubs with carbon double-sided adhesive disks, coated with gold/palladium in a SC7640 sputter coater (Quorum Technologies Ltd, Newhaven, U.K.) and examined under a S-3400N scanning electron microscope (Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) at an accelerating voltage of 5 kV.
6
Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis of MPs Gel
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Pre-treatments of the MPs gel samples were performed according to the method of Xia et al. [35 (link)] with minor modifications. Subsequently, the samples were analyzed using an S-3400N Scanning Electron Microscope (Hitachi High Technologies Corp., Tokyo, Japan). The SEM images were analyzed at a magnification of 200×.
7
Scanning Electron Microscopy of Leaf Ultrastructure
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Scanning electron microscopy measurements were carried out on three leaf pieces per scion/rootstock combination and fertigation level (typically 1 cm²) (n = 3) cut with a razor blade from mid-laminar areas at between 10:00 and 11:00 am. As described in Oustric et al. 20 , leaves were then immediately xed in cold (4 °C) 2.5% (v/v) glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer at pH 7.2, rinsed in a 0.1 M cacodylate buffer at pH 7.2, dehydrated through a graded ethanol series (30%, 50%, 75%, 90% and 100%) and dried under CO 2 in an Emitech K850 critical point dryer (Quorum Technologies Ltd, Ashford, U.K.).
Specimens were mounted on aluminum stubs with carbon double-sided adhesive disks, coated with gold/palladium in a SC7640 sputter coater (Quorum Technologies Ltd, Newhaven, U.K.) and examined under a S-3400N scanning electron microscope (Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) at an accelerating voltage of 5 kV.
Specimens were mounted on aluminum stubs with carbon double-sided adhesive disks, coated with gold/palladium in a SC7640 sputter coater (Quorum Technologies Ltd, Newhaven, U.K.) and examined under a S-3400N scanning electron microscope (Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) at an accelerating voltage of 5 kV.
8
Concrete Rebar Microstructure Analysis
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The specimens for structural tests were cut out perpendicularly to the rebar axis. Metallographic specimens were prepared from those cut pieces of concrete with rebars made of steel B500SP. Tests on the macrostructure of concrete specimens were performed at the stand specially prepared for macro testing. And microstructure of concrete was tested using Olympus SZX9 stereo microscope and GX51 inverted microscope (LM) (Olympus Corporation, Tokyo, Japan).
Advanced tests on the specimen structure at selected points were performed with HITAHI S-3400N scanning electron microscope (SEM) (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) at an accelerating voltage within the range of 15–25 kV. Tests on chemical composition at selected micro-areas of the specimens were performed with the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) using the spectrometer by THERMO NORAN company with SYSTEM SIX software (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA, USA). As microscopic tests are invading into the structure of the specimen material, they were performed after the final stage of electrochemical tests. Therefore, those tests should be only related to results obtained after the last, 792 day of measurements.
Advanced tests on the specimen structure at selected points were performed with HITAHI S-3400N scanning electron microscope (SEM) (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) at an accelerating voltage within the range of 15–25 kV. Tests on chemical composition at selected micro-areas of the specimens were performed with the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) using the spectrometer by THERMO NORAN company with SYSTEM SIX software (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA, USA). As microscopic tests are invading into the structure of the specimen material, they were performed after the final stage of electrochemical tests. Therefore, those tests should be only related to results obtained after the last, 792 day of measurements.
9
Microstructural Analysis of RFSSW Specimens
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Microstructural examination of the RFSSW specimens was carried out using a Nikon Epiphot 300 light microscope with NIS-Elements V2.3 software. The morphology of the fracture surfaces was examined using a Hitachi S-3400N Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) (Hitachi, Chiyoda, Japan). The Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectra of specimens were determined using a Hitachi S-3400N microscope equipped with a Thermo Scientific Ultra Dry EDS Detector.
10
Crystallization and Characterization of Oxalates
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Crystals were prepared by bulk crystallization. Required amounts of water, extract, sodium oxalate solution, and calcium chloride solution were then mixed. The solution was covered with a film and left undisturbed for 3 days. Crystals were harvested by centrifugation at 2504 × g for 30 min. The supernatant was discarded and the crystals were dried in a desiccator for 3 days. The dried crystals were sealed and maintained in the desiccator prior to analyses.
Samples were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction using Rigaku Miniflex II and Hitachi S3400N Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) (The analysis was performed at the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines). Magnification and electron beam voltage were adjusted accordingly.
Samples were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction using Rigaku Miniflex II and Hitachi S3400N Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) (The analysis was performed at the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines). Magnification and electron beam voltage were adjusted accordingly.
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