Glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt

All of the zebrafish used for PH in this study were between 5 and 7 months of age. The PH operation and measurement of the liver-versus-body ratio were performed as described previously [9] (link). The survival rates of the wild-type and def^+/− fish after surgery were greater than 95% up to 60 days after PH in all of the experiments described in this work. For drug treatment, 20 µM diphenyleneiodonium (D2926; Sigma) or 200 µM apocynin (W508454; Sigma) was injected into the abdominal cavity daily between days 0 and 2 after PH; 20 mg/L of Dex (D4902; Sigma) was injected immediately after PH; 100 µM of glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt (50531; Sigma) was injected daily between days 0 and 3 after PH; and 20 µM of SB431542 (ITB1001; Gene Operation) was injected 2 days after PH.

Breast cancer cell lines were maintained in RPMI medium (Invitrogen) supplemented with 10% FBS and antibiotics. Doxycycline and Glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt were from Sigma, Imatinib and Ethyl pyruvate (EP) were from Toronto Research Chemicals Inc. (TCR) and AMD3100 octahydrochloride was from TOCRIS.

Boceprevir, GC376, TDZD-8, lercanidipine hydrochloride, efonidipine hydrochloride monoethanolate, and glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt from Glycyrrhiza root were purchased from Sigma. Stocks of all the compounds were made in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at a concentration of 20 mM and stored frozen at −80°C.

Glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt (CAS number: 53956-04-0), salicylic acid (CAS number: 20283-92-5), and boric acid (CAS Number: 1405-86-3) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). To prepare GAS-NPs, SA-NPs, and BA-NPs, 10 mg of GAS, 10 mg of SA, and 0.2 mg of BA were dissolved in 10, 10, and 1 mL of absolute ethanol, respectively, and sonicated for an hour at room temperature (20–25 °C) using ultrasonic power and frequency of 50 kHz (XUBA3Analogue Ul-ta-sonic Bath, Grant Company, Saint Joseph, MO, USA).