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Epithelial voltohmmeter

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The Epithelial Voltohmmeter is a laboratory instrument designed to measure the electrical resistance and potential difference across epithelial cell layers. It provides a direct and accurate assessment of the integrity and function of epithelial barrier tissues.

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Lab products found in correlation

Transwell insert, by Corning (4 mentions) Chopstick electrode, by World Precision Instruments (4 mentions) Evom2, by World Precision Instruments (3 mentions) Stx2 electrode, by World Precision Instruments (3 mentions) Transwell chamber, by Corning (2 mentions) Ripa buffer, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Transwell polycarbonate insert, by Corning (1 mentions) Non essential amino acids (neaa), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Evomx, by World Precision Instruments (1 mentions) Human fibronectin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Stx2 chopstick electrode, by World Precision Instruments (1 mentions) Fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran fd4, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Fluostar optima microplate reader, by BMG Labtech (1 mentions) Endohm 12g chamber, by World Precision Instruments (1 mentions) Transwell culture insert, by Corning (1 mentions) Black 96 well plate, by Corning (1 mentions) Fitc dextran, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Penicillin streptomycin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Biowest (1 mentions) 12 well transwell insert, by Corning (1 mentions)

59 protocols using epithelial voltohmmeter

1

Measuring Epithelial Barrier Function

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Determination of epithelial barrier function of Caco-2 cell monolayer and integrity of TJs formed between polarized cells was assessed by measurements of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) using a EVOM2, Epithelial Volt/Ohm Meter (World Precision Instruments, Sarasota, FL) as previously described (26). Briefly, cells were rinsed with room temperature PBS after which an average of 3 measurements per transwell were recorded. Experiments were performed in triplicate and repeated three times.
Cresci G.A., Glueck B., McMullen M.R., Xin W., Allende D, & Nagy L.E. (2017). Prophylactic tributyrin treatment mitigates chronic-binge alcohol-induced intestinal barrier and liver injury. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 32(9), 1587-1597.
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2

Caco-2 Cell Monolayer Transport Assay

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Caco-2 cells were seeded in transwell poly carbonate inserts (6 well, 0.4 µm pore size, Corning co-star Co.) at 70,000 cells per insert on the day of seeding. Cells were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10 % fetal bovine serum and 1 % non essential amino acids (Gibco). All the cells were incubated at 37 °C in a humidified atmosphere with 5 % CO2 and 95 % air. For uptake studies, Caco-2 cells were seeded on to 0.7 cm2 dishes at a density of approximately 70,000 cells per dish and used for experiment. On the day of 21 TEER (Tran’s epithelial electrical resistance) value was measured using Epithelial Volt ohmmeter (world precision instruments) and observed TEER value as more than 500 Ω cm2 that reflects confluent monolayer with tight junctions.
Ravikumar Reddy D., Khurana A., Bale S., Ravirala R., Samba Siva Reddy V., Mohankumar M, & Godugu C. (2016). Natural flavonoids silymarin and quercetin improve the brain distribution of co-administered P-gp substrate drugs. SpringerPlus, 5(1), 1618.
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3

Transepithelial Electrical Resistance Assay

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TER was measured from monolayers growing in Transwell inserts using an epithelial volt-ohm meter (World Precision Instruments, Sarasota, FL, USA). Two measurements were recorded. An initial measurement was taken on day 3 immediately before the addition of bacterial samples and IgA to the top and bottom compartments, respectively. Immediately after the 6 hour incubation allowed for the transcytosis assay, a second TER measurement was taken. The background TER measured from medium in a Transwell with no cells was subtracted from the resistance measured from a Transwell containing cells and medium. Each Transwell was measured in triplicate and the average value recorded.
Brawner K.M., Yeramilli V.A., Duck L.W., Van Der Pol W., Smythies L.E., Morrow C.D., Elson C.O, & Martin C.A. (2019). Depletion of dietary aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands alters microbiota composition and function. Scientific Reports, 9, 14724.
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4

TER Measurement of RPESC-RPE Cells

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Transepithelial resistance (TER) of RPESC-RPE cells grown in Transwell inserts (Corning) ±10 mM NAM in RPE medium was measured weekly and within 2 min of removal from the incubator using an EVOM2 (World Precision Instruments) Epithelial Voltohmmeter. Statistical analysis was conducted using Student's t test.
Boles N.C., Fernandes M., Swigut T., Srinivasan R., Schiff L., Rada-Iglesias A., Wang Q., Saini J.S., Kiehl T., Stern J.H., Wysocka J., Blenkinsop T.A, & Temple S. (2020). Epigenomic and Transcriptomic Changes During Human RPE EMT in a Stem Cell Model of Epiretinal Membrane Pathogenesis and Prevention by Nicotinamide. Stem Cell Reports, 14(4), 631-647.
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5

Measuring Epithelial Barrier Integrity

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The integrity of the epithelial barrier was measured as TEER using the Epithelial Voltohmmeter (World Precision Instruments, Inc.) as described previously (Prince et al., 2014 (link)).
Prince O.A., Krunkosky T.M., Sheppard E.S, & Krause D.C. (2017). Modeling Persistent Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection of Human Airway Epithelium. Cellular microbiology, 20(3), 10.1111/cmi.12810.
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6

Evaluating Epithelial Barrier Function

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To evaluate epithelial barrier function, trans-epithelial electrical resistance (n = 10) was measured using an Epithelial Volt-ohm meter and Ag/AgCl electrodes (EVOMX, World Precision Instruments, Sarasota, FL). The trans-epithelial electrical resistance of each sample was measured before (TER1) and after (TER2) the epithelia were removed by exposure to 0.02 M EDTA for 1 hour. Finally, the TER of each sample was calculated as follows: TER = TER1-TER2.
Wu Z., Zhou Q., Duan H., Wang X., Xiao J., Duan H., Li N., Li C., Wan P., Liu Y., Song Y., Zhou C., Huang Z, & Wang Z. (2014). Reconstruction of Auto-Tissue-Engineered Lamellar Cornea by Dynamic Culture for Transplantation: A Rabbit Model. PLoS ONE, 9(4), e93012.
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7

Differentiation Assay for Urothelial Barrier

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To test if BEX cultures would undergo differentiation to form tight urothelial barriers, cultures were induced to differentiate as described previously.15 (link),22 (link) Briefly, cell cultures were grown to 80% confluence and the medium was changed to contain 5% (vol/vol) adult bovine serum (SeraLab, Burgess Hill, UK) for 5 days. Cultures then were harvested by trypsinization and seeded at 5 × 105 cells per ThinCert membrane (113 mm2, 0.4 μm pore size; Greiner Bio-One Ltd., Stonehouse, UK). After 24 hours, the medium was changed to contain 5% adult bovine serum and 2 mmol/L [Ca2+], with cultures maintained for a further 8 days. TEER measurements were taken on days 6 and 8 using chopstick STX2 electrodes and an epithelial voltohmmeter (World Precision Instruments, Hitchin, UK). Resistance (Ω.cm2) was derived from applying Ohm's law.
Hinley J., Duke R., Jinks J., Stahlschmidt J., Keene D., Cervellione R.M., Mushtaq I., De Coppi P., Garriboli M, & Southgate J. (2022). Barrier-Forming Potential of Epithelial Cells from the Exstrophic Bladder. The American Journal of Pathology, 192(6), 943-955.
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8

Transepithelial Electrical Resistance Measurement

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The transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) was assessed before and 22 h after the infection. We performed the measurement with a chopstick electrode set (STX2, World Precision Instruments, Sarasota, FL, United States) and an epithelial volt-ohm meter (Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité, Berlin). Electrodes were washed with 80% ethanol and phosphate buffered saline (PBS; Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, United States) in between the measurements. In pre-tests we have measured the TER of infected monolayers at multiple time points over the incubation period to determine the earliest onset of the barrier effect (22 h post-infection). For the experiments, TER was measured in the epithelial monolayers before infection, then the co-cultures were placed in microaerobic atmosphere in favor of the bacteria. The monolayers were measured again after the incubation period of 22 h.
Butkevych E., Lobo de Sá F.D., Nattramilarasu P.K, & Bücker R. (2020). Contribution of Epithelial Apoptosis and Subepithelial Immune Responses in Campylobacter jejuni-Induced Barrier Disruption. Frontiers in Microbiology, 11, 344.
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9

Measuring Alveolar Epithelial Barrier Function

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Following isolation, neonatal type II AECs were cultured on permeable Transwell membranes. TEER was measured at the cellular surface every 24 hours using a sterilized epithelial voltohmmeter (World Precision Instruments, Sarasota, FL). As tight junctions between cells formed, a rapid increase and stabilization in TEER measurements was seen between 48 and 72 hours of culture, as previously described 13 (link) (6). On the day of TEER stabilization, AEC cultures were treated with either 5% CO2-95% normal atmospheric oxygen, or hyperoxia (5% CO2-85% O2- 10% normal atmospheric oxygen) for 3 days. An oxygen analyzer (Pacifitech Industries, Los Angeles, CA) was used to confirm the O2 concentration in the incubator daily. Culture dishes were covered with a sterile, gas-permeable membrane (Diversified Biotech, Boston, MA) to allow equilibration of oxygen at the cellular surface. Media in control and hyperoxia-treated cells were changed every 24–48 h.
Vyas-Read S., Vance R.J., Wang W., Colvocoresses-Dodds J., Brown L.A, & Koval M. (2017). Hyperoxia induces paracellular leak and alters claudin expression by neonatal alveolar epithelial cells. Pediatric pulmonology, 53(1), 17-27.
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10

Evaluating Endothelial Barrier Integrity

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All resistance measurements were conducted by an epithelial voltohmmeter (World Precision Instruments, Sarasota, FL, USA) with STX2 chopstick electrodes (World Precision Instruments). A 12-well tissue culture plate (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) was inserted with 12-mm transwell inserts that have been coated with a solution of human fibronectin (Sigma, St. Louis MO, USA) dissolved in PBS at a concentration of 50 μg/ml for 6 h at 25°C. After pre-treated with 10 μl burn serum or control serum in DMEM complete medium for 24 h, RAECs with the incubating medium were plated in the multiwall inserts and then cultured for an additional 5 to 7 days until the transendothelial electric resistance (TEER) was ≥20 ohm × cm2. In other experiments, using the same culture conditions to establish TEER ≥ 20 ohm × cm2, RAECs were transfected with miR-98 inhibitor and/or control siRNA or sequence specific siRNA directed against FIH-1 in 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 24 h.
Hu D., Yu Y., Wang C., Li D., Tai Y, & Fang L. (2015). microRNA-98 mediated microvascular hyperpermeability during burn shock phase via inhibiting FIH-1. European Journal of Medical Research, 20(1), 51.
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