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Streptavidin horseradish peroxidase hrp conjugate

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Streptavidin horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugate is a protein complex consisting of streptavidin, a tetrameric protein derived from the bacterium Streptomyces avidinii, and horseradish peroxidase, an enzyme commonly used as a reporter molecule in various bioanalytical techniques. The primary function of this conjugate is to facilitate the detection and quantification of biotinylated molecules in diverse applications such as Western blotting, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry.

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15 protocols using streptavidin horseradish peroxidase hrp conjugate

1

CLEC10A Immunohistochemical Staining Protocol

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Tissue sections were stained with recombinant CLEC10A as described previously [28 (link)]. Briefly, sections were deparaffinized and antigen retrieval was achieved by boiling in 0.1 M sodium citrate buffer (pH 5.0). Slides were blocked by 3% hydrogen peroxide and with TSM buffer in the presence of 0.2% BSA, 10% fetal calf serum and 0.3% Triton X-100. Tissue sections were incubated with complexed CLEC10A consisting of myc-tagged CLEC10A, streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugate (Thermo Fisher Scientific), and the biotinylated anti cmyc antibody 9E10 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). After washing (3× for 5 min each) in TSM buffer, staining was performed with 3, 3′-diaminobenzidine chromogen solution (DAB; Dako) Nuclei were counterstained by hematoxylin. Stained tissue sections were coverslipped applying Glycergel Mounting Medium (Dako). Images were acquired using an Olympus BX43 microscope.
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2

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Oxidative Stress Markers

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IHC analysis was performed as described previously8 (link). Slides were incubated with primary antibodies against Ki-67 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, MA, USA), 8-OH-dG (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), 4-HNE (Abcam), Nrf-2 (Abcam), NFκB p65 (Cell Signalling Technology, MA, USA), IL-1β (Abcam), TNF-α (Abcam) or MPO (Abcam) overnight at 4 °C. Thereafter, tissues were incubated with biotin-linked secondary antibody followed by signal detection using streptavidin horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugate (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Quantitative analysis of the immunolabelled tissues was done in a blinded fashion by counting the number of positively stained cells out of the total number of cells per field at 400 × magnification using Image J software version 1.46r (NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA).
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3

Biotinylation and IGF-1R Detection

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Cell monolayers were washed with ice-cold PBS, and incubated in PBS with 2 mM EZ-Link Sulfo-NHS-LC-Biotin (#A39257; Thermo Fisher) for 30 min at 4 °C. The cells were washed in PBS and their TX-100 lysates subjected to anti-IGF-1R or control IgG immunoprecipitation followed by blotting with Streptavidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) Conjugate (# SA10001; Thermo Fisher) and chemiluminescence detection.
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4

Immunohistochemical Evaluation of CD301

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Paraffin-embedded tissue microarrays (TMAs) of formalin-fixed human osteosarcoma and various normal tissues were purchased from TissueArray.com (Derwood, MD, USA). TMAs were deparaffinized, and antigen retrieval was achieved by boiling in a 0.1 M sodium citrate buffer (pH 5.0). Slides were blocked by 3% hydrogen peroxide and a TSM buffer in the presence of 0.2% BSA, 10% fetal calf serum, and 0.3% Triton X-100. Tissue sections were incubated with complex CD301, consisting of myc-tagged CD301, streptavidin horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugate (Thermo Fisher Scientific), and the biotinylated anti-c-myc antibody (clone 9E10) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). After washing (3 times for 5 min each) in the TSM buffer, staining was performed with a 3, 3′-diaminobenzidine chromogen solution (DAB; Agilent Dako, Santa Clara, CA, USA). Nuclei were counterstained by hematoxylin. Stained tissue sections were coverslipped by applying the Glycergel Mounting Medium (Agilent Dako). Images were acquired using a Leika MDG41 microscope (Leika, Wetzlar, Germany).
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5

Northern Blot Analysis of tRNA and RNU6

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In total, 3 µg of total RNA were separated in 15% denaturant polyacrylamide gels (urea 7M) and run 1 h at 300 V, as previously described [69 (link)]; transferred to Hybond-N+ nylon membrane (GE Healthcare, USA) with transfer buffer (trisodium citrate 6mM, Sodium phosphate dibasic 8mM) for 2 h at 350 mA at 4 °C. Then, membranes were cross-linked with ultraviolet light (UV) at 1200 µjoules during 1 min and hybridized with 5’biotin-labeled probes (Integrated DNA technologies, Leuven, Belgium) specific to tRNA-His (5’-CAG AGT ACT AAC CAC TAT ACG ATC ACG GCC-3’), to tRNA-Pro (5’- CCG AGA ATC ATA CCC CTA GAC CAA CGA GCC-3’) or to RNU6 (5’- CGA ATT TGC GTG TCA TCC TTG-3’) for normalization, as described by Donovan et al., [46 (link)]. Hybridization proceeded after membrane blocking, with 50–100 pmol/mL overnight at 40 °C with shaking, in hybridization oven. After three washes (10–15 min at RT with with washing buffer 1× SSC, 0.1% SDS), the membrane was developed with streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugate (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA), at final concentration of 125 pg/mL in pre-hybridization buffer and ECL™ Prime Western Blotting System in an ImageQuant LAS 4000 Mini (GE Healthcare). Signals obtained were quantified with the Image J software (Bethesda, DC, USA) [70 (link)].
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6

NUDT15 Sandwich ELISA Protocol

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We established a Sandwich ELISA system to identify NUDT15 protein with
high specificity. In brief, 50 μl of the capture Ab (clone #1, 7, 10
μg/ml) in ELISA Coating Buffer (Abcam) was added to each well of a
96-well ELISA plate (Abcam) and the plate was allowed to coat for 1 h at RT. The
plate was washed three times with washing buffer (WB; 1 × PBS containing
0.05% Tween-20) and then blocked with 300 μl of 1 × Blocking
Buffer (Abcam) for 1 h at RT. Then, plates were washed three times with WB and
50 μl samples or standard NUDT15 protein was purified as previously
described8. Then, they were added and incubated for 1 h at RT.
Next, plates were washed three times with WB and 50 μl of biotinylated
detection Ab solution (clone #4, 10, 1 μg/ml in 1 × Blocking
Buffer, biotinylated using EZ-Link™ Sulfo-NHS-LC-Biotinylation) was added
and plates were incubated at RT for 15 min. Then plates were washed three times
with WB, and 50 μl of Streptavidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) Conjugate
(Thermo Fisher Scientific) diluted 1 : 8000 in blocking buffer was added and
incubated at RT for 15 min. The plates were washed three times with WB, and 100
μl of a two-component TMB substrate system (KPL TMB Microwell Peroxidase
Substrate System, SeraCare) was added to each well. After 10 min of incubation
at RT, 100 μl of Stop Solution (Abcam) was added and absorbance was
recorded at 450 nm.
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7

IFN-γ Cytokine ELISA Protocol

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Cell culture supernatants were collected for cytokine ELISA analysis following a standard protocol from the BD Biosciences. The coating and biotinylated antibodies for the detection of human IFN-γ (coating antibody, catalog no. 551221; biotinylated detection antibody, catalog no. 554550) were purchased from BD Biosciences. The streptavidin–horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugate (catalog no. 18410051) was purchased from Invitrogen. Human IFN-γ (catalog no. 29-8319-65) standard was purchased from eBioscience. The 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB; catalog no. 51200048) substrate was purchased from Kirkegaard & Perry Laboratories (KPL, Gaithersburg, MD, USA). The absorbance at 450 nm was measured using an Infinite M1000 microplate reader (Tecan, Morrisville, NC, USA).
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8

Immunoblotting Analysis of Glycoproteins

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Equal proteins extracted from cells were additionally separated by 10% SDS-PAGE and transferred onto polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes (Merck Millipore). Membranes were blocked for nonspecific binding with 3% BSA-TBST at room temperature for 1 h and then incubated with biotinylated Maackia amurensis lectin I (MAL-I; catalog no., B-1315; Vector Laboratories, Inc., Burlingame, CA, USA), biotinylated leucoagglutinin (PHA-L; catalog no., B-1115; Vector Laboratories, Inc.) at a dilution of 1:2,000 or a primary monoclonal mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (cat. no. KC-5A08; KangCheng Bio-tech, Shanghai, China) at a dilution of 1:2,000 at room temperature for 30 min. Subsequent to washing with 0.1% TBST for 10 min 3 times, membranes were incubated with streptavidin horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugate (Invitrogen; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.) at a dilution of 1:10,000 or HRP-conjugated secondary antibody (cat. no. KC-MM-035; KangCheng Bio-tech) at a dilution of 1:10,000 at room temperature for another 30 min, and washed by 0.1% TBST for 10 min 3 times. The bands on the membranes were detected by using Amersham enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) prime western blotting detection reagents (GE Healthcare). Anti-β-actin antibody was used as the protein loading control.
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9

Immunohistochemical Analysis of IL-6R and CD138 in BM Biopsies

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Paraffin-embedded sections of patients' BM biopsies in the department of pathology were deparaffinized using xylene and ethanol. Then, the sections were blocked by 2% bovine serum protein (Sigma-Aldrich) for 30 min at room temperature. Immunohistochemistry was performed on BM sections using the labeled Streptavidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) Conjugate (Invitrogen, SA10001). Antigen retrieval techniques were applied as needed for each specific antibody using IHC Antigen Retrieval Solution (Invitrogen, 00-4956-58). The following antibodies were used: IL-6R (1:4,000; cat. no. ab128008; Abcam) and CD138 (1:8,000; cat. no. ab128936; Abcam) at room temperature for 1 h. Following the primary incubation, tissue sections were incubated with a goat anti-rabbit IgG (H&L) secondary antibody (1:500; ab97051; Abcam) at room temperature for 1 h. DAB was used as a substrate, and the positive signal was dark brown in color (Invitrogen, TA-060-QHDX). Samples were observed under a light microscope (Olympus Corporation; magnifications, 20×10, 10×10).
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10

Quantifying Amyloid-Beta Levels via ELISA

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The cells were cultured on 96-well plates (Corning) overnight then transfected with pcDNA-TTR or control plasmid. The culture medium was collected after 24 hours. The medium was analyzed by an Aβ ELISA as follows. Monoclonal 6E10 anti-Aβ(residues 1–17) mouse IgG1, (Biolegend) was coated in 50 mm carbonate buffer, pH 9.6, at 4°C overnight on high binding assay black plates (Costar), washed with TBST (tris buffered saline with 0.05% Tween 20) and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST. Samples and standards (synthetic Aβ1-40) were incubated for 2 hr, followed by addition of biotin-labeled 4G8 [anti-Aβ residues 17–24, mouse IgG2b (Biolegend)] and incubation for 1 hr at 37°C. After washing, streptavidin horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugate (Invitrogen) was added and incubated for 45 min, followed by detection by Quanta Blue fluorogenic peroxidase substrate (Thermo Scientific) using a Tecan Safire II fluorescence plate reader.
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