1.3 1 4 mixed linkage β glucan kit

The β-glucan content was quantified by 1.3:1.4 mixed-linkage β-glucan kit (Megazyme, Ireland), following the manufacturer instructions. The assay uses lichenase and β-glucosidase to hydrolyse β-glucan to glucose. Subsequently, glucose reacts with GOPOD (glucoseoxidase/peroxidase) reagent and the absorbance at 510 nm of the resultant compound was measured in a microplate reader Synergy HT (BioTek Instruments, Winooski, VT, USA). All measurements were performed in triplicate. The results were expressed as g β-glucan/100 g d.m.

Nitrogen content was determined in freeze-dried oat beverage by the Dumas method, using a nitrogen analyzer (LECO Corp., St. Joseph, MI, USA) [20 (link)]. A factor of 5.83 was used to convert nitrogen values to protein content, which was expressed as g/100 mL of SOFB. Vitamins B₁ and B₂ were extracted from freeze-dried oat beverage by a sequential acid and enzymatic hydrolysis and quantified by HPLC according to the method previously described [20 (link)]. The results were expressed as μg/100 mL of SOFB. The content of β-glucan was determined by the 1.3:1.4 mixed-linkage β-glucan kit (Megazyme, Wicklow, Ireland), according to the manufacturer instructions. The absorbance at 510 nm was measured in a microplate reader (Synergy HT, BioTek Instruments, Winooski, VT, USA). The results were expressed as mg/100 mL of SOFB.

α-Amylase from porcine pancreas (EC 3.2.1.1), 2,2’-Azinobis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS^•+), 2,2’-diazobis-(2-aminodinopropane)-dihydrochloride (AAPH), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Folin–Ciocalteu (FC) reagent, gallic acid (GA), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), and sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA).
The chromatographic standards: luteolin, luteoilin-4’O-glucoside, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, catechin, epicatechin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, gallic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, quinic, 4-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric, ferulic, and apigenin were obtained from Merck (formerly Sigma Aldrich, Arklow, Co., Wicklow, Ireland).
Amyloglucosidase (EC 3.2.1.3), glucose oxidase-peroxidase (GOPOD) and 1.3:1.4 mixed-linkage β-glucan kits were provided by Megazyme International Ireland (Wicklow, Ireland).