Deepoxy deoxynivalenol

Mycotoxin standards (DON and deepoxydeoxynivalenol) were purchased from Sigma- Aldrich (São Paulo, Brazil). Acetonitrile, methanol and ammonium acetate were purchased from J. T. Baker (São Paulo, Brazil). Ultrapure water was obtained with a Milli-Q-System from Merck Millipore (Bedford, MA, USA).

Mycotoxin standards comprising of aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁), aflatoxin B₂ (AFB₂), aflatoxin G₁ (AFG₁), aflatoxin G₂ (AFG₂), fumonisin B₁ (FB₁), fumonisin B₂ (FB₂), deepoxy-deoxynivalenol (DOM), 15-acetyl-deoxynivanelol (15-ADON), neosolaniol (NEO), OTA, alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), zearalenone (ZEN), nivalenol (NIV), deoxynivanelol (DON), 3-acetyl-deoxynivanelol (3-ADON), sterigmatocystin (STE), roquefortine C (ROQ C), enniatin B (ENN B), fusarenon-X (FUS-X), HT-2 toxin (HT-2) and zearalanone (ZAN) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Bornem, Belgium). Fumonisin B₃ (FB₃) was procured at Promec Unit (Tynberg, South Africa), while T-2 toxin (T-2) and diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) were purchased from Biopure Referenzsubstanze (Tulln, Austria).

FB₁, FB₂, DON, deepoxy-deoxynivalenol (DOM), NIV, ZEN, and zearalanone (ZAN) standards were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Bornem, Belgium), while FB₃ was from Promec Unit (Tynberg, South Africa). LC-MS grade methanol, glacial acetic acid, analytical-grade acetonitrile (Biosolve B. V., Valkenswaard, The Netherlands), analytical-grade methanol, ammonium acetate, formic acid, calcium hydroxide, calcium chloride, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide (Merck, Darmstardt, Germany), dichloromethane, ethyl acetate (Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium), and n-hexane (VWR International, Zaventem, Belgium) were used including ultra-pure water from Arium^® pro Ultrapure Water System (Sartorius, Goettingen, Germany). Wood ashes were collected within Ghent environment, Belgium, while GracePure aminopropyl (NH₂) solid-phase extraction (SPE) 1000 mg/6 mL cartridges were obtained from Grace Discovery Sciences (Lokeren, Belgium).