Two mammalian cell lines, Vero [Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB), Osaka, Japan] and BHK-21 (JCRB), and one mosquito cell line, C6/36 (Health Science Research
Resources Bank, Osaka, Japan), were used for virus isolation. Vero and BHK-21 cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified eagle’s medium (DMEM; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA)
containing heat-inactivated 5% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Hyclone Laboratories, South Logan, UT, USA) and 1% penicillin and streptomycin (Pen-Strep; Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA,
USA), and C6/36 cells were cultured in Eagle’s minimum essential medium (Sigma-Aldrich) containing heat-inactivated 10% FBS and 1% Pen-Strep. Cell lines were maintained at 37°C for
mammalian cells and 28°C for mosquito cells under 5% CO2.
Resources Bank, Osaka, Japan), were used for virus isolation. Vero and BHK-21 cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified eagle’s medium (DMEM; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA)
containing heat-inactivated 5% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Hyclone Laboratories, South Logan, UT, USA) and 1% penicillin and streptomycin (Pen-Strep; Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA,
USA), and C6/36 cells were cultured in Eagle’s minimum essential medium (Sigma-Aldrich) containing heat-inactivated 10% FBS and 1% Pen-Strep. Cell lines were maintained at 37°C for
mammalian cells and 28°C for mosquito cells under 5% CO2.