Geranyl diphosphate gpp

Kanamycin, isopropyl β-D-1-Thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), chloramphenicol, L-threonine, D-threonine and ampicillin were purchased from Sangon Biotech (Shanghai, China); Apramycin, nalidixic acid, CoA, chorimate, geranyl diphosphate (GPP), farnesyl diphosphate (FPP), dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), FADH₂, FAD, FMN, NAD, NADP, thiostrepton, [ring-¹³C₆] 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid were purchased from Sigma. thiostrepton (12.5 µg/mL), ampicillin (50 mg/mL), Apramycin (30–50 mg/mL), Kanamycin (30–50 mg/mL), chloramphenicol (35 mg/mL) and nalidixic acid (25 mg/mL) were used for selection of recombinant strains.

Flavonoid standards, such as genistein, 2'-hydroxygenistein, daidzein, apigenin, kaempferol, 3'-methylkaempferol, quercetin, myricetin, 3-hydroxyflavone, naringenin, liquiritigenin, and isoliquiritigenin, were purchased from Shanghai Tongtian Biotechnology Company Ltd. (Shanghai, China), and catechin, 5-deoxyquercetin, galangin, morin, and kaempferol-3-O-glucoside were obtained from Chemfaces Biochemical Co. Ltd. (Wuhan, China), and 8-prenylated kaempferol was obtained from Yuanye Biotechnology Company Ltd. (Shanghai, China). DMAPP, farnesyl diphosphate (FPP), and geranyl diphosphate (GPP) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, United States).