All chemicals used in this work, such as silver nitrate, nitric acid, potassium ferrocyanide, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), potassium carbonate, thiobarbituric acid (TBA), and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH), were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA).
2 4 dinitrophenylhydrazine
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, Spain, India
2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine is a chemical compound used as a reagent in various analytical and organic chemistry applications. It is a yellow crystalline solid that is commonly used for the identification and detection of carbonyl compounds, such as aldehydes and ketones. The compound reacts with these carbonyl groups to form a characteristic hydrazone product, which can be observed and analyzed.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Trichloroacetic acid, by Merck Group (21 mentions)
5 5 dithiobis 2 nitrobenzoic acid, by Merck Group (19 mentions)
Thiobarbituric acid, by Merck Group (17 mentions)
Bovine serum albumin (bsa), by Merck Group (16 mentions)
Guanidine hydrochloride, by Merck Group (10 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Merck Group (10 mentions)
Sodium azide, by Merck Group (9 mentions)
Reduced glutathione, by Merck Group (8 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (8 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (8 mentions)
Nitroblue tetrazolium, by Merck Group (7 mentions)
Sodium carbonate, by Merck Group (7 mentions)
Glucose, by Merck Group (7 mentions)
Glutathione (gsh), by Merck Group (7 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (7 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (7 mentions)
Sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds), by Merck Group (6 mentions)
Ethyl acetate, by Merck Group (6 mentions)
2 2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (dpph), by Merck Group (6 mentions)
1 chloro 2 4 dinitrobenzene, by Merck Group (6 mentions)
119 protocols using 2 4 dinitrophenylhydrazine
1
Chemical Reagents for Analytical Techniques
2
Comprehensive Lipid Profile Analysis
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Methanol, acetonitrile, and n-hexane of chromatographic grade were bought from Merck (Damstadt, Germany). 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH), trichloroacetic acid (TCA), 1,1,3,3-tetraethoxypropane (TEP), 4-HNE, and 4-HHE were bought from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The standards of 37 fatty acid methyl esters were purchased from NU-CHEK (Minnesota, USA). The o-phenylenediamine (o-PDA) was bought from J&K Scientific Ltd (Beijing, China). Furthermore, SO (Jinlongyu, China), PO (Julong, China), OO (Borges, Spain), and LO (Jinluo, China) were purchased from local shops (Tianjin, China) and were stored at −40°C until use. Water was produced using a Milli-Q Ultrapure Water System. All other chemicals were of analytical grade.
3
Protein Glycation and Inhibition Assay
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Human serum albumin (HSA), methylglyoxal (MG), nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT), 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH), caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid and porcine pancreatic α-amylase were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Milwaukee, WI, USA. All other chemicals, unless stated otherwise, were high grade and purchased from local vendors. All the blanks were run replicating the same conditions and acted as a control. All the buffers were filtered before use.
4
Isolation and Characterization of Silkworm-derived Anticancer Compounds
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Cocoons of Bombyx mori silkworm were procured from Jiangsu Province, China. Sal was provided by the China Institute of Veterinary Drugs Control (Beijing, China). Ptx was provided by the Jiangsu Yew Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd (Jiangsu, China). Ptx injection was provided by the Yangtze River Pharmaceutical Group (Jiangsu, China). Protease XIV (Sigma-Aldrich Co., St Louis, MO, USA), 2,4-dinitrophenyl-hydrazine (Sigma-Aldrich, USA), anti-human/mouse CD44 APC (eBioscience, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA), and anti-mouse CD133 PE (eBioscience Inc.) were used as received. Acetonitrile (EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) and methanol (EMD Millipore) were of HPLC grade. Milli-Q ultra-pure water was used. Anhydrous calcium chloride, absolute ethanol and other chemicals were of analytical grade and used without further purification. Murine hepatic carcinoma cell line H22 was purchased from the Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology (Shanghai, China).
5
Comprehensive Analytical Standards Protocol
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L-amino acid standards, norvaline, sarcosine, sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4), hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, guanidine hydrochloride, 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, iron (II) chloride, iron (III) chloride, ammonium thiocyanate, ortho-phthalaldehyde, 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl chloride, iodoacetic acid, 3-mercaptopropionic acid, boric acid (H3BO3), trichloroacetic acid, and MS-grade ammonium acetate were from Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany). Standards for fatty acid analysis included Supelco 37 Component FAME mix (Supelco, St. Louis, MO, USA), 68D (Nu-Check-Prep, Elysian, MN, USA), and GLC-490 (Nu-Check-Prep, Elysian, MN, USA). Standards for the lipid class analysis were oleic acid, oleoyl monoacylglycerol, dioleoyl diacylglycerol, triolein, dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine, cholesteryl oleate and ethyl docosahexaenoic acid (Larodan, Solna, Sweden). All solvents used were at least HPLC grade. Water used was ultra-pure water (ELGA LabWater, High Wycombe, UK).
6
Carbonyl Compound Analysis by HPLC-DNPH
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2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-grade acetone, dichloromethane, methanol (MeOH), and water were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). HPLC-grade hexane, acetone, and ACS-grade hydrochloric acid (HCl) were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Fair Lawn, NJ). Silica gel 60 thin layer chromatography plates (aluminum sheets, 20 × 20 cm, 200 μm) were purchased from EMD Millipore (Billerica, MA). Nylon membrane syringe filters (0.45 μm) were purchased from Whatman Ltd. (Maidstone, Kent, England). LC-MS-grade water and acetonitrile (ACN) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Houston, TX) and ammonium acetate from Honeywell Riedel-de Haen (Seelze, Germany).
7
Oxidative Stress Biomarker Assay Protocol
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Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and L-glutamine and trypsin were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY). Tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP), 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH), urea, oxidized glutathione (GSSG), nicotinamide adenine di-nucleotide phosphate (NADPH), 5,5′-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), 2-vinyl pyridine, glutathione reductase, ethyl acetate, Bradford reagent, mercury orange, and 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Trichloroacetic acid (TCA), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA), and ethanol were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Cell proliferation kit II (XTT) was purchased from Roche Diagnostics (Mannheim, Germany).
8
Antimicrobial Screening of Hydrazone Derivatives
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1-Adamantyl methyl ketone (99%), pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde (99%), potassium hydroxide (90%), 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (97%), phenylhydrazine hydrochloride (99%), 2-chlorophenyl hydrazine hydrochloride (97%), 4-methoxy-phenyl hydrazine hydrochloride (98%), o-tolyl hydrazine hydrochloride (97%), concentrated sulfuric acid, glacial acetic acid, sodium acetate, ethyl acetate, hexane, methanol, and ethanol were obtained from Sigma–Aldrich.
Gram-negative bacteria species Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC/27853), Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli (ATCC/25922), and Gram-positive bacteria species Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC/25923) were obtained from Agricultural Biological Laboratory. Gram-negative bacteria (Meropenem, Gentamycin) and Gram-positive bacteria antibiotics (Meropenem, Ampicillin) were used as antibiotic standards, normal saline 0.9%, Mueller–Hinton agar media (MHA), Potato dextrose agar (PDA), chloramphenicol (99%), Fusarium oxysporum fungus were obtained from Agricultural Laboratory.
Gram-negative bacteria species Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC/27853), Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli (ATCC/25922), and Gram-positive bacteria species Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC/25923) were obtained from Agricultural Biological Laboratory. Gram-negative bacteria (Meropenem, Gentamycin) and Gram-positive bacteria antibiotics (Meropenem, Ampicillin) were used as antibiotic standards, normal saline 0.9%, Mueller–Hinton agar media (MHA), Potato dextrose agar (PDA), chloramphenicol (99%), Fusarium oxysporum fungus were obtained from Agricultural Laboratory.
9
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Assays
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Suspensions of n-ZnO (mean particle size 35 nm), reduced glutathione (GSH), bovine serum albumin, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), 5,5′-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides (NADH, NAD, NADPH), EDTA, dihydrorhodamine, Hoescht 33342 dye, 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine, tyrosin, hemoglobin, chymotrypsinogen, cytohrome c, myoglobin, ubiquitin, Sephadex G-50, β-mercaptoethanol, ethoxyresorufin, certified reference material ERM-BB422 and Lactobacillus leichmannii D-Lactate dehydrogenase were purchased from Sigma Chem. Co. (St. Louis, USA). All other chemicals were obtained from the Synbias (Kyiv, Ukraine), Bayer (Kyiv, Ukraine) and Balkanpharma-Dupnitsa (Dupnitsa, Bulgaria) commercial suppliers. All reagents were of the analytical grade or higher.
10
Synthesis and Characterization of Indole Derivatives
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All the chemicals such as indole-4-carboxaldehyde,
indole-5-carboxaldehyde,
indole-6-carboxaldehyde, 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine (DNPH), MeOH,
acetic acid, petroleum ether, salts (tetrabutyl ammonium salts (bisulfate,
F, chloride, iodide, bromide, perchlorate, thiocyanate, acetate, and
cyanate)), and ethyl acetate were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. The
reaction was carried out in an oven-dried flask (50 mL). The 1H NMR spectrum was recorded on a Bruker MHz 400 spectrometer.
The electronic absorption spectra were recorded on a Shimadzu UV-1800
spectrophotometer.
indole-5-carboxaldehyde,
indole-6-carboxaldehyde, 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine (DNPH), MeOH,
acetic acid, petroleum ether, salts (tetrabutyl ammonium salts (bisulfate,
F, chloride, iodide, bromide, perchlorate, thiocyanate, acetate, and
cyanate)), and ethyl acetate were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. The
reaction was carried out in an oven-dried flask (50 mL). The 1H NMR spectrum was recorded on a Bruker MHz 400 spectrometer.
The electronic absorption spectra were recorded on a Shimadzu UV-1800
spectrophotometer.
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