Barium acetate (Ba(C2H3O2)2, 98% Chempur, Karlsruhe, Germany), titanium isopropoxide (Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4, 99.999%, Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany), and rhodium nitrate (Rh(H2O)(OH)3-y(NO3)y y = 2–3, 15.19%, Chempur, Karlsruhe, Germany), oxalic acid (C2H2O4 2H2O, 99.5%, Chempur, Karlsruhe, Germany), acetic acid (99.9%, Chemsolute, Renningen, Germany) and absolute ethanol (Chemsolute, Renningen, Germany) were used in the forms as received from suppliers without further purification or processing.
Oxalic acid
Manufactured by Chempur
Sourced in Poland
Oxalic acid is a colorless crystalline solid chemical compound with the formula C2H2O4. It is a dicarboxylic acid that is widely used in various industrial and laboratory applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Ascorbic acid, by Chempur (4 mentions)
Sodium bicarbonate, by Chempur (3 mentions)
Potassium hydroxide, by Avantor (2 mentions)
2 undecanone, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by EKF Diagnostics (2 mentions)
Nitric acid, by Chempur (2 mentions)
Cyclohexane, by Chempur (2 mentions)
Activated carbon, by Chempur (2 mentions)
Ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, by Chempur (2 mentions)
Ammonium metavanadate, by Chempur (2 mentions)
Magnesium nitrate, by Chempur (2 mentions)
Barium chloride dihydrate, by Chempur (2 mentions)
Bf3 meoh, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Tween tm 80, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Chempur (2 mentions)
Titanium isopropoxide ti och ch3 2 4, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
L ascorbic acid, by Chempur (1 mentions)
Standard solution, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Chloroform, by EKF Diagnostics (1 mentions)
Methanol, by EKF Diagnostics (1 mentions)
6 protocols using oxalic acid
1
Synthesis of Barium-Titanium-Rhodium Compounds
2
Comprehensive Chemical Compound Analysis
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Acetone, calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, ethanol, potassium persulphate, and sodium acetate were purchased from IDALIA (Radom, Poland), Folin-Ciocalteu’s phenol reagent, Trolox, gallic acid, diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), azino-bis-3-ethyl-benzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and tripyridyl-S-triazine (TPTZ) from Archem (Łany, Poland), acetic acid, activated carbon, oxalic acid, ascorbic acid, sodium bicarbonate, 65% nitric acid, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, ammonium metavanadate, magnesium nitrate, barium chloride dihydrate, cyclohexane, sodium sulphate from CHEMPUR (Piekary Śląskie, Poland), 2, 6-2, 6-dichlorophenolindophenol sodium salt hydrate from Acros Organics (Argenta; Poznań, Poland), hydrochloric acid (38%), chloroform and methanol from Stanlab (Lublin, Poland), standard solutions and detergent Tween TM 80 from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), 2-undecanone and BF3/MeOH from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA), hexane and sodium bicarbonate from UQF (Wrocław, Poland), n-hexane (99%) from POCH Basic (Gliwice, Poland), helium from Air Products (Warsaw, Poland), potassium hydroxide from Avantor (Gliwice, Poland). The reagents were of analytical grade.
3
Fermented Milk with Probiotic and Vitamin C
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Fermented milk was produced from Łaciate milk (2% fat) from SM Mlekpol (Grajewo, Poland). Organic powder of rosehips (Rosa canina L.) (400 mg of vitamin C × 100 g−1) came from RADZIOWI SP. z.o.o. (Częstochowa, Poland). Acerola in powder form (25,000 mg vitamin C × 100 g−1) was purchased from Aliness Health’n’beauty (Karczew, Poland) and L(+) ascorbic acid from Chempur (Piekary Śląskie, Poland). The starter culture of probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus rhamnosus) was purchased from Chr. Hansen (Hoersholm, Denmark). MRS agars and peptone water came from Biocorp (Warszawa, Poland). Sodium hydroxide, phenolphthalein, ascorbic acid, sodium bicarbonate, oxalic acid, 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol, were purchased from Chempur (Piekary Śląskie, Poland).
All of the reagents used were of analytical reagent grade.
All of the reagents used were of analytical reagent grade.
4
Comprehensive Phytochemical Analysis Protocol
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Acetone, calcium carbonate, ethanol, potassium persulphate, sodium acetate, and sodium carbonate were purchased from IDALIA (Radom, Poland); azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), Folin–Ciocalteu's phenol reagent, gallic acid, tripyridyl-S-triazine (TPTZ), and Trolox were purchased from Archem (Łany, Poland); acetic acid, activated carbon, ammonium metavanadate, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, ascorbic acid, barium chloride dihydrate, cyclohexane, magnesium nitrate, 65% nitric acid, oxalic acid, sodium bicarbonate, and sodium sulfate were purchased from CHEMPUR (Piekary Śląskie, Poland); 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol sodium salt hydrate was purchased from ACROS ORGANICS (ARGENTA; Poznań, Poland); chloroform, hydrochloric acid (38%), and methanol were purchased from STANLAB (Lublin, Poland); standard solutions and Tween TM 80 were purchased from Merck (Darmnstadt, Germany); 2-undecanone and BF3/MeOH were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA); hexane and sodium bicarbonate were purchased from UQF (Wrocław, Poland); n-hexane (99%) was purchased from POCH Basic (Gliwice, Poland); helium was purchased from Air Products (Warsaw, Poland); and potassium hydroxide was purchased from Avantor (Gliwice, Poland).
5
Leaching of Liquation-Feeding Furnace Dross
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Leaching tests were performed using sulfuric acid (98%, Avantor, Poland), oxalic acid (dihydrate, p.a., Chempur, Poland), and hydrogen peroxide solution (30%, Avantor, Poland). The volume of the acid solution was 500 cm 3 for all trials, while the mass of the dross resulted from the assumed liquid-to-solid ratio (L:S). The influence of temperature, initial acid concentration, L:S, and time (for leaching with oxalic acid) were examined. The leaching time for tests with sulfuric was based on previous experience [27] (link). Initial acid solutions were prepared by dissolving concentrated acids in deionized water. Then, the pure acid solution was poured into a glass beaker, heated to the desired temperature, and a weighted portion of liquation-feeding furnace dross was added. The suspension was mixed for a set period and then vacuum filtered using a Buchner funnel. In hydrogen peroxide tests, an oxidant was added after 1 h of leaching under non-oxidative conditions.
Gibbs free energies of possible reactions were estimated using HSC Chemistry 9.6.1 software (Metso, Finland) Reaction Equations module. Data for Zn 2 SnO 4 were found in the literature [28] (link). Due to the lack of thermodynamic data for ZnSnO
Gibbs free energies of possible reactions were estimated using HSC Chemistry 9.6.1 software (Metso, Finland) Reaction Equations module. Data for Zn 2 SnO 4 were found in the literature [28] (link). Due to the lack of thermodynamic data for ZnSnO
6
Analytical Reagents Sourcing and Preparation
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All of the chemicals used in the study were of analytical grade. Potassium persulfate, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, ascorbic acid, ferric chloride hexahydrate, oxalic acid, acetic acid, sulfuric acid, sodium sulfide, mercury chloride, acetone and n-hexane were obtained from Chempur (Piekary Śląskie, Poland), methanol (also for HPLC) from POCh (Katowice, Poland), chlorogenic acid, Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, ABTS [2,2′-azino-bis(3ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)], DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and TPTZ [2, (link)4, (link)6 (link)-tris(2-pyridyl)-striazine] from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA).
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