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6 protocols using streptomycin

1

Murine Cortical Neural Stem Cell Culture

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Embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5) NSCs were isolated from cerebral cortices of timed C57BL/6 mouse embryos. Neural tissue was digested with the Neural Tissue Dissociation Kit (P) (Miltenyi Biotec). The cell suspension was cultured in NSC medium containing DMEM:F12 (Sigma Aldrich), 1% N2 supplement (Life Technologies), penicillin (50/ml), streptomycin (50 mg/ml), and recombinant human fibroblast growth factor/recombinant human epidermal growth factor (FGF/EGF; 20 ng/ml each, Miltenyi Biotec). For maintenance, fresh medium was added to the culture every 2–3 days and neurospheres were dissociated and passaged before reaching a critical size with necrotic cores.
For analysis of Chi3l3-dependent proliferation, NSCs were plated at 1000 cells/ml in proliferation medium containing DMEM:F12 (Sigma Aldrich), 2% B27 supplement (Life Technologies), penicillin (50 U/ml), streptomycin (50 mg/ml) and recombinant human fibroblast growth factor/recombinant human epidermal growth factor (FGF/EGF; 20 ng/ml each, Miltenyi Biotec) in the presence of 100 ng/ml recombinant Chi3l3 or PBS. Number of neurospheres per well were analyzed after 1 week of culture.
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Culture and Ex Vivo Macrophage Assay

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Erdman was cultured at 37 C in 7H9 (broth) or 7H10 (agar) (Difco) medium supplemented with 10% oleic acid/albumin/dextrose/catalase (OADC), 0.5% glycerol, and 0.05% Tween 80 (broth).
Ex vivo MΦ were enriched from mice via bronchoalveolar lavage or peritoneal lavage with DMEM + 10% FBS + 1% MEM non-essential amino acids (Cellgro 25–025-CI) + 100 U/mL Penicillin + 100 mg/mL Streptomycin (Sigma P4333). Lavage cells were treated with ACK lysis buffer (0.15M NH4Cl, 10mM KHCO3, 0.1mM EDTA) to lyse red blood cells, plated in tissue culture treated plates, and incubated at 37°C in 5% CO2 for at least 4 hours to allow adherence of MΦ14 (link). Wells were washed vigorously with PBS to remove non-adherent cells and lysed in 2X Laemmli buffer for western blot analysis.
Bone marrow derived MΦ were isolated from femurs and tibias of mice, and cultured in DMEM + 20% FBS + 10% supernatant from 3T3 cells overexpressing M-CSF + 1% MEM non-essential amino acids (Cellgro 25–025-CI) + 100 U/mL Penicillin and 100 μg/mL Streptomycin (Sigma P4333) at 37° C in 5% CO2.
PMN for ex vivo western blotting analysis were purified from uninfected bone marrow by negative selection via MACS column (Miltenyi Biotech, 130-097-658) according to manufacturer’s guidelines and immediately lysed in 2X Laemmi buffer.
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3

Isolation and Expansion of MSCs

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The first sample contained resident SF-MSCs, and the second aspirate sample contained Sm-MSCs, both of which were retrieved and collected as previously described.4 (link)
The aspirated fluid was centrifuged (500 rcf [relative centrifugal force] for 5 minutes), and cells were resuspended in 10 mL of Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM) containing 100 U/mL of penicillin and 100 mg/mL of streptomycin (all from Invitrogen); the SF cells were split according to the experimental design shown in Appendix Figure A1 (available in the online version of this article). For MSC expansion, cells were cultured in StemMACS expansion medium (Miltenyi Biotec), containing penicillin and streptomycin with twice-weekly media changes, and expanded for 3 or 4 passages. Moreover, donor-matched cultures were used in all experiments when they reached passage 3.
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4

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Culture and Ex Vivo Macrophage Assay

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Erdman was cultured at 37 C in 7H9 (broth) or 7H10 (agar) (Difco) medium supplemented with 10% oleic acid/albumin/dextrose/catalase (OADC), 0.5% glycerol, and 0.05% Tween 80 (broth).
Ex vivo MΦ were enriched from mice via bronchoalveolar lavage or peritoneal lavage with DMEM + 10% FBS + 1% MEM non-essential amino acids (Cellgro 25–025-CI) + 100 U/mL Penicillin + 100 mg/mL Streptomycin (Sigma P4333). Lavage cells were treated with ACK lysis buffer (0.15M NH4Cl, 10mM KHCO3, 0.1mM EDTA) to lyse red blood cells, plated in tissue culture treated plates, and incubated at 37°C in 5% CO2 for at least 4 hours to allow adherence of MΦ14 (link). Wells were washed vigorously with PBS to remove non-adherent cells and lysed in 2X Laemmli buffer for western blot analysis.
Bone marrow derived MΦ were isolated from femurs and tibias of mice, and cultured in DMEM + 20% FBS + 10% supernatant from 3T3 cells overexpressing M-CSF + 1% MEM non-essential amino acids (Cellgro 25–025-CI) + 100 U/mL Penicillin and 100 μg/mL Streptomycin (Sigma P4333) at 37° C in 5% CO2.
PMN for ex vivo western blotting analysis were purified from uninfected bone marrow by negative selection via MACS column (Miltenyi Biotech, 130-097-658) according to manufacturer’s guidelines and immediately lysed in 2X Laemmi buffer.
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5

Isolation of Mononuclear Cells from ESMs

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To isolate single mononuclear cells, ESMs were incubated in collagenase 1 solution (Sigma‐Aldrich, 1 mg/ml) with 1:10 (v:v) dispase (BD Biosciences) and 20 µg/ml DNAse (Calbiochem) in calcium‐containing PBS at 37°C for 60 minutes. Cells were then resuspended in DMEM/F12, 15% fetal bovine serum [FBS], 2 mmol/L glutamine, 100 U/ml penicillin, and 100 µg/ml streptomycin, mechanically separated, strained (35 µm cut‐off; Miltenyi Biotec) and used without further in vitro expansion for either secondary ESM generation in vitro or implantation in vivo.
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6

Isolation and Culture of Human Dendritic Cells

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Buffy coats from blood donations of anonymous healthy donors were obtained and preserved by the Centro Trasfusionale, Spedali Civili of Brescia according to the Italian law concerning blood component preparation and analysis. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained by density gradient centrifugation and monocytes were subsequently purified by immunomagnetic separation using anti CD14-conjugated magnetic microbeads (Miltenyi Biotec) according to the manufacture’s protocol and as previously published (22 (link)). Briefly, monocytes were cultured for 6 days in tissue culture plates in complete medium (RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated, endotoxin free FBS, 2 mM L-Glutamine, penicillin and streptomycin (all from Gibco, Thermo Fisher Scientific) in the presence of 50 ng/ml GM-CSF and 20 ng/ml IL-4 (Miltenyi Biotec). Untouched peripheral blood cDC1 and cDC2 (cDCs) and pDCs were obtained from PBMC after negative immunomagnetic separation with the Myeloid Dendritic Cell Isolation kit (Miltenyi Biotec) and the Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Isolation kit II (Miltenyi Biotec), respectively.
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