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Ceftaroline

Manufactured by AstraZeneca
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Sourced in Portugal, United States

Ceftaroline is a cephalosporin antibiotic that functions as a broad-spectrum agent effective against a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It acts by inhibiting cell wall synthesis in susceptible bacteria.

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Lab products found in correlation

Vancomycin, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Linezolid, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Cefoxitin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Meropenem, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Doxycycline, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Ciprofloxacin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Gentamicin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Erythromycin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Clindamycin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Tigecycline, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Daptomycin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Teicoplanin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Custom frozen panels, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Avibactam, by AstraZeneca (1 mentions)

3 protocols using ceftaroline

1

Antibiotic Preparation and Guidelines

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The antibiotics cefoxitin (FOX), ciprofloxacin (CIP), clindamycin (CLI), doxycycline (DOX), erythromycin (ERY), gentamicin (GEN), linezolid (LZD), meropenem (MEM) and vancomycin (VAN) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Portugal). AstraZeneca (Portugal) generously provided ceftaroline (CPT). All antibiotics were prepared according to CLSI guidelines [15 ].
Mottola C., Matias C.S., Mendes J.J., Melo-Cristino J., Tavares L., Cavaco-Silva P, & Oliveira M. (2016). Susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms in diabetic foot infections. BMC Microbiology, 16, 119.
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2

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of MRSA

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Susceptibility to methicillin was determined by cefoxitin (CECON, São Paulo, Brazil) disk diffusion test according to the CLSI [19 ]. MICs were determined by BMD, using fresh cation-adjusted Muller-Hinton broth (CAMHB) for oxacillin, vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid, daptomycin, tigecycline (Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Company, St Louis, MO, USA) and ceftaroline (donated by AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Schaumburg, IL, USA) [19 ]. CAMHB was supplemented to 50 μg/mL calcium for the daptomycin assay [19 ]. The CLSI interpretative breakpoints were used for all antimicrobial agents except for tigecycline, for which EUCAST 2015 breakpoints [20 ] were used as the first does not establish a breakpoint for this antimicrobial. ATCC strains 25923 and 29213 were used as controls for the disk diffusion and MIC tests, respectively. The mecA gene detection and SCCmec typing were performed as previously described [21 (link)].
da Costa T.M., Morgado P.G., Cavalcante F.S., Damasco A.P., Nouér S.A, & dos Santos K.R. (2016). Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics of Heteroresistant and Vancomycin-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus from Bloodstream Infections in a Brazilian Teaching Hospital. PLoS ONE, 11(8), e0160506.
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3

Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiling

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MICs were determined by broth microdilution using custom frozen panels (ThermoFisher Scientific, Cleveland, OH) according to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) methods (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, 2015a ). MIC values were obtained in triplicate and modal values determined. β-Lactam agents tested (doubling dilution concentration range in mg/L) included ceftazidime (0.06–128), ceftaroline (0.03–64), aztreonam (0.06–64), meropenem (0.015–32) and piperacillin-tazobactam (0.06/4–128/4). Ceftazidime, ceftaroline and aztreonam were also tested at the same concentrations in the presence of a fixed concentration of 4 mg/L of Avibactam. MICs were interpreted according to current CLSI breakpoints for these compounds in the absence of the inhibitor (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, 2015b ). Avibactam and ceftaroline were provided by AstraZeneca as kind gifts.
Papp-Wallace K.M., Bajaksouzian S., Abdelhamed A.M., Foster A.N., Winkler M.L., Gatta J.A., Nichols W.W., Testa R., Bonomo R.A, & Jacobs M.R. (2015). Activities of ceftazidime, ceftaroline and aztreonam alone and combined with avibactam against isogenic Escherichia coli strains expressing selected single β-lactamases. Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease, 82(1), 65-69.
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