Xltek eeg system

Manufactured by Natus

Sourced in United States

The Xltek EEG system is a laboratory equipment product designed for the acquisition and analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) data. It is capable of recording electrical activity from the brain, providing healthcare professionals with information about brain function.

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XLTEK (26 citations) XLTEK system (3 citations) XLTek EEG (2 citations) EEG system (2 citations) Xltek EEG recording system (EMU40EX, (2 citations) Xltek digital video-EEG system (2 citations)

4 protocols using xltek eeg system

Intracranial EEG Analysis of Seizure Onset

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Intracranial EEG was recorded using the XLTek EEG system (Natus Medical Incorporated, Pleasanton, CA), sampled at 500 Hz, with an epidurally placed mini-depth electrode reference. Seizure onset zone (SOZ) was defined as the channel(s) with the first electrographic ictal activity by visual inspection.
Epilepsy syndromes were considered unifocal if a single SOZ was present across all seizures. As a proxy for the potential of a given site to generate seizure activity independently, we assessed correlation with asynchronous seizure termination. Asynchronous termination was identified by a difference in termination of the ictal rhythm in multiple channels of at least 1s, or a difference of at least 500ms if the rhythm across channels had clearly different morphology and frequency at seizure termination. Channels were then accordingly divided into non-overlapping termination groups. All EEG data were reviewed independently by at least two of the authors (ST, LMB, CAS), and disagreements were resolved by consensus.

Tobochnik S., Bateman L.M., Akman C.I., Anbarasan D., Bazil C.W., Bell M., Choi H., Feldstein N.A., Kent P.F., McBrian D., McKhann G.M., Mendiratta A., Pack A., Sands T.T., Sheth S.A., Srinivasan S., & Schevon C.A. (2020). Tracking multi-site seizure propagation using ictal high frequency activity.

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Identifying Seizure Onset Zones Using Intracranial EEG

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All patients were implanted with depth electrodes containing 8–16 contacts with 3.5mm center-to-center spacing (PMT Corporation, Chanhassan, MN). Intracranial EEG was recorded using the Xltek EEG system (Natus Medical Incorporated, Pleasanton, CA), sampled at 500 Hz, with an epidural mini-depth electrode reference. SOZs were determined through visual EEG inspection (typically 1–70 Hz) by the treating epileptologist as the channel(s) with the first sustained ictal electrographic change from interictal baseline, and reviewed by at least two authors (ST, LMB, CAS) with disagreements resolved by consensus. Epilepsy syndromes were considered unifocal if a single SOZ was present across all seizures. As a proxy for the potential of a given site to maintain seizure activity independently,^{5 (link),7 (link),23 (link)} we assessed correlation with asynchronous seizure termination. Asynchronous termination was identified by a difference in termination of the ictal rhythm in multiple channels of at least 1s, or a difference of at least 500ms if the rhythm across channels had different morphology and frequency at seizure termination. Channels were then accordingly divided into non-overlapping termination groups.

Tobochnik S., Bateman L.M., Akman C.I., Anbarasan D., Bazil C.W., Bell M., Choi H., Feldstein N.A., Kent P.F., McBrian D., McKhann GM I.I., Mendiratta A., Pack A.M., Sands T.T., Sheth S.A., Srinivasan S, & Schevon C.A. (2021). Tracking multi-site seizure propagation using ictal high gamma activity. Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society, 39(7), 592-601.

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Synchronizing Intracranial Recordings with Stimulus Onset

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Local field potential (LFP) recordings were recorded using a clinical XLTEK EEG system (Natus Medical, Inc.). For all subjects, the sampling frequency was 2 KHz except for subject S2 where it was 500 Hz. Data recorded at 2 KHz sampling rate were resampled to 1 KHz for offline analysis.
To synchronize the onset of the image stimulus on the screen with the intracranial recordings, a photodiode was used to detect color changes within a small area on the laptop screen at the onset of each new stimulus. The photodiode was placed at the bottom right corner of the screen and was obscured to avoid distracting the subjects during the experiment. Each presented image stimulus is transduced by the photodiode as a voltage pulse that is recorded along with the intracranial signals. The time series of triggered pulses from stimuli onsets of an experiment were used to perform offline synchronization between the timing of image onset on the screen and the corresponding neuronal activity recorded across the electrodes’ contacts (Rorden and Hanayik, 2014 (link)).

Sabra Z., Alawieh A., Bonilha L., Naselaris T, & AuYong N. (2022). Modulation of Spectral Representation and Connectivity Patterns in Response to Visual Narrative in the Human Brain. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 16, 886938.

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Video-EEG Monitoring Protocol for Epilepsy

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Long-term video-EEG was recorded using the Xltek EEG system (Natus Medical Incorporated, Pleasanton, CA, USA) according to the international 10-20 system with 6 additional sub-temporal electrodes (F9, T9, M1, F10, T10, and M2). EEGs were sampled at 512 Hz, filtered at 1-70 Hz and reviewed usually at 10μv/mm and 30 mm/s. At the discretion of attending physicians, partial or complete withdrawal of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) was performed as early as the day of admission to increase the likelihood of interictal and ictal recordings. Activation procedures including hyperventilation, photic stimulation, and sleep deprivation were performed as clinically warranted. AEDs were commonly restarted one day before hospital discharge.

Liu X., Issa N.P., Rose S., Wu S., Sun T., Towle L.V., Warnke P.C, & Tao J.X. (2018). The first-hour-of-the-day sleep EEG reliably identifies interictal epileptiform discharges during long-term video-EEG monitoring. Seizure, 63.

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