Azithromycin

Antibiotic susceptibility was tested by disk diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI-M45) guidelines [23 , 24 ] with following antibiotics: ampicillin (10 µg), cefotaxime (30 µg), ceftazidime (30 µg), gentamicin (10 µg), tetracycline (30 µg), ciprofloxacin (5 µg), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (1.23/23.75 µg), chloramphenicol (30 µg), azithromycin, erythromycin and nalidixic acid. All antimicrobial disks were purchased from Mast Group (Mast Group Ltd, UK). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ampicillin were determined by the agar dilution method. The MIC E-test strip (Liofilchem, Italy) was used for determination of MIC of azithromycin and erythromycin for all strains.

The chemicals for extraction and preparation of extractions, absolute ethanol (AR), absolute methanol (AR), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were from Loba Chemie Pvt., India. Mueller Hinton agar, Mueller Hinton broth, and GC agar media were supplied by HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, India. While VCNT and vitox were from Oxoid Limited. Antibacterial sensitivity disks ciprofloxacin, cephalexin, azithromycin, tetracycline, and ceftriaxone sensitivity disks (Liofilchem) and antifungal sensitivity disks: clotrimazole, econazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, and nystatin (Sanofi Diagnostics Pasteur) were used in this study. The chemicals and reagents were of analytical grade.