Hexane

AR grade solvents petroleum ether, ethanol, hexane, and chloroform were purchased from S D fine-chemicals limited (SDFCL), Mumbai. HPLC grade of Toluene, ethyl acetate, formic acid, and acetic acid were purchased from RANKEM Thane, Maharashtra. TLC silica gel 60 F254 aluminum sheets 20×20 cm was purchased from Merck Analytical chromatography, Germany. AR grade concentrated sulphuric acid (assay 98%) and glacial acetic acid were purchased from SDFCL, Mumbai. Vanillin powder was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Additional all the chemicals used were analytical grade obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, USA) and E-Merck (Mumbai, India).

Aluminum chloride, ascorbic acid, chloroform, ethanol, ethyl acetate, ferric chloride, ferrous sulfate, gallic acid, glacial acetic acid, hexane, hydrogen peroxide, α-naphthol, petroleum ether, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium ferricyanide, sodium bicarbonate, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), and vanillin were procured from SD Fine Chemicals Limited, Mumbai, India. Acetone, hydrochloric acid, methanol, sodium hydroxide, and sulfuric acid were acquired from Spectrum Chemical Private Limited, Cochin. Acetic anhydride, Dragendorff reagent, Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, lead acetate, Mayer's reagent Sodium nitrate, and Wagner's reagent were purchased from MERCK Specialties Private Limited, Mumbai. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was procured from SISCO Research Laboratories, Maharashtra, India. Tris base was from NR Chemicals Private Limited, Mumbai, India. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) was bought from Loba Chemie Private Limited, Mumbai, India. All chemicals and reagents were of analytical grade.