Nano zs equipment

The morphology and structure of MOF-HMME-RGD nanoparticles were examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques, respectively. The TEM analysis was conducted using a Hitachi instrument from Japan, while the XRD analysis was performed using a MiniFlex 600 instrument, also from Japan. The absorption spectra of nanoparticles (NPs) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were measured using a UV-visible spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, UV-2700, Japan). The average particle size and zeta potential of nanoparticles in a PBS solution were measured using Nano-ZS equipment manufactured by Malvern Panalytical in China. The HMME releasing behaviors from MOF-HMME-RGD were investigated. 200 μg MOF-HMME-RGD was dissolved in 1 mL of PBS buffer and then placed at 37°C with or without ultrasound stimulation under thermostatic shaking. The HMME concentration in the buffer was measured uniformly using a UV spectrophotometer at 0, 10, 30, 60, 120, 180 min, and the drug release rate (Q) was further calculated. $Q\left(\%\right)=\left(C_t{V}_0+{\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^{t-1}}{C}_i{V}_i\right)/W\times 100$
C_t and C_i in equation represent the concentration of HMME in the tth and i^th collected samples, respectively. V₀ and V_i represent the original volume in the simulated system and the volume of the i^th sampling, respectively (V₀ = 1 mL; V_i = 1 mL), and W is the total amount of drug HMME in the simulated system.