Grade 2 titanium (Titanart, Korea) was selected as the titanium plate. Prior to the experiment, it was polished with 800, 1,200, and 2000 grit silicon carbide paper (Daesung, Korea) to obtain an even surface of titanium. The residue was removed from acetone, ethanol (Duksan, Korea), and DW by ultrasonic washing. A single layer of graphene oxide (GO; Graphene Supermarket, USA) was used, and high-purity ethanol was used as the electrolyte. GO (500 ug/mL was prepared using 80% EtOH, and ultrasonic wave treatment was performed for 15 min to obtain a uniform electrolyte. The Ti substrate was placed in an electrolyte maintained at 1 cm from the anode. A Ti substrate was also used as the anode. For the EPD coating, an anode EPD process, in which electricity passes at a current of 10 mA for 1 min, was performed using a DC power source (TPM series, TOYOTECH, Korea) because GO has a negative charge. Subsequently, it was ultrasonically washed for 5 min in the order of acetone, ethanol, and water, and then dried. For the in vitro tests, the coated material was sterilized with a 70% ethanol solution.
Ethanol
Manufactured by Duksan Pure Chemicals
Sourced in Cameroon, United States
Ethanol is a clear, colorless liquid chemical compound commonly used in laboratory settings. It serves as a solvent for various organic compounds and is often employed in analytical procedures, purification processes, and sample preparation. Ethanol has a characteristic odor and flammable properties that require appropriate safety measures when handling.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Hematoxylin, by Merck Group (5 mentions)
Methanol, by Duksan Pure Chemicals (4 mentions)
Chloroform, by Duksan Pure Chemicals (4 mentions)
Microscope slide, by Marienfeld (4 mentions)
Xylene, by Samchun (4 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Sudan 3, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Sodium chlorite naclo2, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Sodium hypochlorite naclo solution, by Duksan Pure Chemicals (2 mentions)
Tert butanol, by Duksan Pure Chemicals (2 mentions)
N hexane, by Duksan Pure Chemicals (2 mentions)
Folin ciocalteu reagent, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Triethylene glycol teg, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Triethylene glycol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Methanol, by Avantor (2 mentions)
Propylene glycol, by Duksan Pure Chemicals (2 mentions)
Acetic acid, by Duksan Pure Chemicals (2 mentions)
Ethyl acetate, by Duksan Pure Chemicals (2 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Glacial acetic acid, by Alpha Chemika (1 mentions)
29 protocols using ethanol
1
Graphene Oxide Coating on Titanium
2
Balsa Wood Modification and Characterization
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Balsa wood (Ochroma pyramidale) was purchased from Balsanara Co. (Chungju, Chungcheong-do, Republic of Korea). In addition, 6% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) solution, methanol, tert-butanol, ethanol, n-hexane, chloroform, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and hydrochloric acid (HCl) were purchased from Duksan Pure Chemicals Co. Ltd., Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. Zinc nitrate (Zn(NO3)2·6H2O6), TEMPO, Sudan III, rhodamine B (RhB), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and sodium chlorite (NaClO2) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, and 2-methyl imidazole (2-Melm) was purchased from TCI Co., Chou-ku, Tokyo, Japan).
3
Synthesis and Characterization of Metal Complexes
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Benzidine (99%, Riedel-de-Haen AG, Germany), diacetylmonoxime (99%, Trust Chemical Laboratories, India). Platinum(iv ) chloride (assay = 99.99%, Onyxment, Poland). Nickel(ii ) chloride hexahydrate (assay = 98.0%, Loba Chemie, Spain). Palladium(ii ) acetate (assay = 98%, Sigma-Aldrich, Germany). Ethanol (99.9%, Duksan, Germany). MEthanol (assay = 99.8%, Sigma-Aldrich, Germany). Diethyl ether (97.5%, Alpha Chemika, India). Dimethyl sulphoxide (99.9, Alpha Chemika, India). Glacial acetic acid (85%, Alpha Chemika, India) were used as received.
4
Porcine Skin Collagen Isolation
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Porcine skin, used in food, was purchased from an open market (Seoul, Korea). It was chosen as the raw material for type I collagen isolation due to its high similarity to human skin [14 ,15 (link)]. Glacial acetic acid was purchased from Duksan (Seoul, Korea), and ethanol, pepsin (EC 3.4.23.1, 1015 units/mg protein) from porcine stomach mucosa, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC), ninhydrin solution, and sodium chloride (NaCl) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). All other chemicals used were of analytical grade, and water was deionized before use.
5
Histological Analysis of Thyroid Tissue
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Fixed tissues (thyroids, ovaries, uteri and ovarian fat fads) were dehydrated in
graded concentrations of ethanol (70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, and 100%; Duksan, Korea)
for 1 hour 30 minutes in each with gentle shaking and soaked in absolute ethanol
overnight. The tissues were immersed in xylene (Samchun Chemical, Seoul, Korea )
for 30 minutes, 3 times and in paraffin (Avantik Biogroup, Pine Brook, NJ, USA)
at 56°C for 30 minutes, 3 times. The tissues were embedded in paraffin
and sectioned (Microm, Walldorf, Germany) at 5 μm. The samples were
attached on microscope slides (Marienfeld, Lauda-Königshofen, Germany)
and the slides were stained with hematoxylin (Sigma-Aldrich) and eosin (Across,
Carson, CA, USA) for 5 minutes, respectively. The width of the thyroid follicle
lumen was measured using Image-J software, and other histological parameters
such as thickness of the follicular cells were measured.
graded concentrations of ethanol (70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, and 100%; Duksan, Korea)
for 1 hour 30 minutes in each with gentle shaking and soaked in absolute ethanol
overnight. The tissues were immersed in xylene (Samchun Chemical, Seoul, Korea )
for 30 minutes, 3 times and in paraffin (Avantik Biogroup, Pine Brook, NJ, USA)
at 56°C for 30 minutes, 3 times. The tissues were embedded in paraffin
and sectioned (Microm, Walldorf, Germany) at 5 μm. The samples were
attached on microscope slides (Marienfeld, Lauda-Königshofen, Germany)
and the slides were stained with hematoxylin (Sigma-Aldrich) and eosin (Across,
Carson, CA, USA) for 5 minutes, respectively. The width of the thyroid follicle
lumen was measured using Image-J software, and other histological parameters
such as thickness of the follicular cells were measured.
6
Histological Preparation of Skin Tissue
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Skin tissues were fixed in cold 4% paraformaldehyde (Sigma-Aldrich) for 48 h. Following fixation, the tissues were dehydrated by immersion in increasing concentrations of ethanol. Subsequently, the tissues were cleared in xylene and embedded in paraffin using a tissue processor (Sakura Seiki Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). The paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were sectioned into 7 µm thick slices using a microtome (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Obtained tissue sections were air-dried and placed in a 60 °C oven overnight to enhance tissue adhesion. Skin tissue sections were deparaffinized and rehydrated by sequential immersion in xylene (Duksan) and a gradient of 70–100% ethanol (Duksan).
7
Antioxidant Potential of Guava Leaves
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Ethanol and mEthanol were purchased from Duksan (Jinju, Korea). Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, caffeic acid, quercetin, DPPH, ABTS, potassium ferricyanide, trichloroacetic acid, ferric chloride, sulfanilamide, phosphoric acid, and N-(1-naphthyl) ethylenediamide were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO). Potassium acetate, sulfanilic acid, and naphthylamine were purchased from Yakuri (Osaka, Japan). All chemicals and reagents were of analytical grade. Guava leaves were obtained from Guava Korea Ltd. (Uiryeong-gun, Korea).
8
Synthesis of Aluminum-based Compounds
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The reagents used for the synthesis were aluminum sulfate 14–18 H2O (51.0–57.5%, SAMCHUN, Pyeongtaek-si, Republic of Korea), sodium aluminate (38.0–42.0% Na2O, 51.0–55.0% Al2O3, JUNSEI, Tokyo, Japan), isophthalic acid (99.0%, SAMCHUN, Seoul, Republic of Korea), sodium hydroxide (98.0%, SAMCHUN, Republic of Korea), fumaric acid (99.0%, SAMCHUN, Republic of Korea), urea (99.0%, SAMCHUN, Republic of Korea), ethanol (94.0%, DUKSAN, Seoul, Republic of Korea), and deionized water.
9
Histological Analysis of Fixed Testes
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Fixed testes were dehydrated in graded concentrations of ethanol (70%, 80%, 90%,
95%, and 100%; Duksan, Ansan, Korea) for 1 h 30 min in each with gentle shaking
and soaked in absolute ethanol overnight. The tissues were immersed in xylene
(Samchun Chemical, Seoul, Korea) for 30 min, 3 times and in paraffin at
56°C for 30 min, 3 times. The tissues were embedded in paraffin and
sectioned (Microm, Walldorf, Germany) at 5 μm. The samples were attached
on microscope slides and the slides were stained with hematoxylin
(Sigma-Aldrich) for 5 min and eosin (Across, Carson, CA, USA) for 5 min,
respectively.
95%, and 100%; Duksan, Ansan, Korea) for 1 h 30 min in each with gentle shaking
and soaked in absolute ethanol overnight. The tissues were immersed in xylene
(Samchun Chemical, Seoul, Korea) for 30 min, 3 times and in paraffin at
56°C for 30 min, 3 times. The tissues were embedded in paraffin and
sectioned (Microm, Walldorf, Germany) at 5 μm. The samples were attached
on microscope slides and the slides were stained with hematoxylin
(Sigma-Aldrich) for 5 min and eosin (Across, Carson, CA, USA) for 5 min,
respectively.
10
Gadolinium-based Nanoparticle Synthesis
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GdCl3·xH2O (99.9%), PAA (MW = 1800 amu; analytical standard grade), tetrahydrofuran (THF) (>99.9%), triethylene glycol (TEG) (99%), NaOH (>99.9%), N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC·HCl) (99%), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) (98%), and linear RGD (i.e., Arg–Gly–Asp) (97%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA, and used without further purification. Ethanol (>99%, Duksan, South Korea) was used for the initial washing of the nanoparticles. Triple-distilled water was used for the final washing of the nanoparticles and in the preparation of the aqueous solution sample.
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