L alanine

L-Alanine (CAS No. 56-41-7), L-Arginine (CAS No. 74-79-3), L-Asparagine (CAS No. 70-47-3), L-Aspartic acid (CAS No. 56-84-8), L-Cysteine (CAS No. 52-90-4), L-Glutamic acid (CAS No. 56-86-0), L-Glutamine (CAS No. 56-85-9), L-Histidine (CAS No. 71-00-1), L-Isoleucine (CAS No. 73-32-5), L-Leucine (CAS No. 61-90-5), L-Lysine (CAS No. 56-87-1), L-Methionine (CAS No. 63-68-3), L-Phenylalanine (CAS No. 63-91-2), L-Proline (CAS No. 147-87-3), L-Serine (CAS No. 56-45-1), L-Threonine (CAS No. 72-19-5), L-Tryptophan (CAS No. 73-22-3), L-Tyrosine (CAS No. 60-18-4), L-Valine (CAS No. 72-18-4), and Glycine (CAS No. 56-40-6) were purchased from MACKLIN. MHY1485 (CAS No. 326914-06-1) and Rapamycin (CAS No. 53123-88-9) were purchased from APExBIO.

Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), potassium ferricyanide (K₃ [Fe(CN)₆]), potassium ferrocyanide (K₄ [Fe(CN)₆]), sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate (Na₂HPO₄•12H₂O), potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP), bovine serum albumin (BSA), folic acid (FA), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), glucose (Glu), sodium chloride (NaCl), dopamine (DA), and ascorbic acid (AA) were all purchased from Aladdin Chemistry Co. Ltd., (China). Potassium chloride (KCl) and ethanol (EtOH) were ordered from Hangzhou Gaojingchem (China). L-alanine and sodium dihydrogen phosphate dehydrate (Na₂H₂PO₄•2H₂O) were obtained from Macklin (China). PBS (0.01 M) was prepared by mixing Na₂HPO₄•12H₂O and NaH₂PO₄•2H₂O into ultrapure water. Ultrapure water (18.2 MΩ cm) obtained from a Millipore water purification system was used to prepare all solutions. Therefore, all reagents used in the experiment were of analytical grade without further treatment. ITO-coated glasses were purchased from Zhuhai Kavio Optoelectronic Technology (China).