Uv winlab software

We measured leaf reflectance from 250 to 2500 nm using a Lambda 750S UV/VIS/NIR spectrophotometer (PerkinElmer Life and Analytical Sciences, Shelton, CT, USA). This instrument features a double‐beam double‐monochromator design, meaning that the reference and sample beams were measured simultaneously with each scan. We used a 100 mm diameter integrating sphere with built‐in InGaAs (indium gallium arsenide) detector (PerkinElmer part no. L6020371). Samples were illuminated by twin deuterium and tungsten–halogen source lamps, and we used a wedge‐shaped sample holder for an 8° angle of incidence. The instrument was operated using PerkinElmer's UV WinLab software. Baseline scans were conducted with a Spectralon certified reflectance standard (Labsphere, Sutton, NH, USA). Raw data were saved in PerkinElmer’s binary.sp format, and processed reflectance spectra were exported at 5 nm as .csv text files. In subsequent analyses, we averaged the spectra to 10 nm.

The size measurements were performed with the end-capped nanoparticles diluted in 1.5 mL of methanol in a Zetasizer Nano ZS instrument (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK) in the PROTEOMASS facilities. Zeta potential quantification was carried out in the same Zetasizer Nano ZS instrument using a zeta dip cell. Samples for TEM were prepared by pipetting a drop of the colloidal dispersion onto an ultrathin carbon coated copper grid and allowing the solvent to evaporate. TEM analysis was performed in Spain, at the University of Vigo, CACTI (Center for Researcher and Technical Assistance).
The UV-Vis spectra of the nanoparticles herein developed were acquired using a Perkin Elmer Lambda 25 UV/Vis Spectrometer with a slit width of 5 nm at a scan rate of 240 nm·min⁻¹ at 25 °C, in a wavelength range from 350 to 750 nm, and were then analyzed with PerkinElmer UV WinLab™ software (PerkinElmer, Rotterdam, The Netherlands). Fluorescence assays were also performed on a PerkinElmer LS 45 Luminescence Spectrometer with a slit width of 5 nm at a scan rate of 240 nm·min⁻¹ using a 10 mm path quartz cell and analyzed using FL WinLab™ software. The excitation wavelength was fixed at 300 nm.

The coloring properties of the oenotannin solutions were defined according to OIV [14 ]. Visible absorbance at 420 and 520 nm of the oenotannin solutions was acquired using a 1 mm quartz cell using a UV-visible spectrophotometer Lambda 35 (Perkin Elmer Inc., Shelton, CT, USA), with the UVWinLab software used to record the data (version 2.85.04, Perkin Elmer Inc., Shelton, CT, USA). Elix 5 System water was used as a reference. Both the absorbances were used to determine the potential color contribution of oenotannin solutions to wine according to OIV [14 ].

Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectroscopy was used to assess nanoparticle degradation over time using a Lambda 35 photospectrometer (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA) (Supplemental Figure S3). Data were analyzed on UV WinLab software (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA). Ultrapure water was used as a blank and dilutant producing a 1:2 dilution of the original sample for analysis. In a quartz cuvette, scans were obtained from 200 to 800 nm in three separate sessions during each time point (1, 24, and 48 h) in triplicate.

Total Phenols Estimation was measured as described by Ribereau-Gayon [37 ] and OIV [14 ]. The oenotannin solutions were diluted 1:50 with Elix 5 System water (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA), and the ultraviolet absorbance at 280 nm (10 mm path length quartz cell) of the samples was measured on a Lambda 35 (Perkin Elmer, Shelton, CT, USA) UV-visible spectrophotometer by means of the UVWinLab software (version 2.85.04, Perkin Elmer Inc., Shelton, CT, USA). Elix 5 System water was used as a reference. Total Phenols Estimation was expressed as gallic acid equivalents/g and transformed in % as described by OIV [14 ].