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5 protocols using goat anti rabbit igg h l alexa fluor 568

1

Immunolabeling of Rhg1 Protein in SCN

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Four days after inoculation SCN-infested root segments were fixed in glutaraldehyde and paraformaldehyde and processed as described in the Supplemental Experimental Procedures. After overnight incubation with anti-AATRhg1 roots were treated with secondary antibody Alexa Fluor 568 goat anti-rabbit IgG H&L (Abcam ab175471) for 2 h and then imaged right away by confocal microscopy.
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2

Immunofluorescent Imaging of NET Formation

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100 µL/well of freshly isolated PMN in RPMI-1640 medium at a concentration of 2 million/mL were seeded in Nunc™ Lab-Tek™ Permanox chamberslides (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The chamber slides were incubated with 50 pg/cell monosodium urate (MSU) crystals for 4 h at 37 °C to allow NET formation. The medium alone served as unstimulated control. Afterwards, samples were fixed using 2% paraformaldehyde for 20 min at RT. After washing of the samples three times with PBS, NETs/PMN were permeabilized using 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 5 min at RT before blocking with 10% FCS, 2% BSA in PBS for 1 h at RT. Mouse anti-DNA-IgM (CBL186, Merck KGaA; diluted 1:100) and rabbit anti-human MPO antibody (1:100, ab9535, Abcam, Cambridge, UK, poly-clonal IgG) were incubated in blocking buffer ON at +4 °C. After washing three times with PBS, Alexa Fluor™ 568 goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) (1:400, ab175471, Abcam, Cambridge, UK, polyclonal IgG) and Cy™5 AffiniPure goat anti-mouse IgM (H+L) (1:400, 115-175-075, Jackson ImmunoResearch Europe Ltd.) in blocking buffer were used as a secondary antibody. The secondary antibodies were incubated with the DNA stains DAPI (ThermoFisher) and SytoxTM Green (ThermoFisher) for 1 h at RT. After another washing step with two times PBS and one-time deionized water, the chambers were removed and slides were mounted using DAKO fluorescent mounting medium (Agilent).
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3

Quantifying Rickettsia Infection in Vero Cells

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Vero 76 monolayers on glass coverslips in 24-well plates were infected at an MOI of 0.1. Cultures were rinsed with 500 μl of HBSS and then fixed and permeabilized with 1 mL/well methanol for 20 min at room temperature at 24 and 48 hpi. Specimens were then blocked with 250 μl 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 1 h at room temperature, probed with 1 μg/mL MAb 13-2 (rOmpB) (66 (link)) and anti-Na/K ATPase (Abcam, ab76020; 1:500) in PBS, and incubated at 4°C overnight. Coverslips were washed 3 times with 500 μl of PBS, labeled with goat anti-mouse IgG H&L-Alexa Fluor 488 (1:500 in PBS) (Abcam, ab150117) and goat anti-rabbit IgG H&L-Alexa Fluor 568 (1:500 in PBS) (Abcam, ab175695) for 1 h at room temperature, and then counterstained with DAPI (1 μg/mL) for 5 min at room temperature. Coverslips were washed 3 times with 500 μL PBS before mounting in ProLong Diamond. Five random wide-field images were acquired for each strain and processed in Imaris 9.7.2. Individual cells were segmented based on the Na/K ATPase staining of the cell membrane and DAPI staining of the nucleus using the Imaris cell module to generate regions of interest. Rickettsiae were automatically identified and attributed to their respective regions of interest (ROI) to assess the number of rickettsiae and the percentage of infected cells per strain.
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4

Immunofluorescence Imaging of Cultured Cells

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Cells were cultured on 8 well μ-Slide with glass bottom (Ibidi). After treatment, cells were fixed in 3% Paraformaldehyde/0.1% Glutaraldehyde for 7 min at room temperature, followed by treated with 0.1 % (m/v) NaBH4 for 7 min and the wash three times with PBS. Cells were then blocked with 3% (w/v) BSA and 0.5% (v/v) Triton-X100 in PBS for 30 minutes at room temperature with mild shaking. Primary antibody was diluted to a working concentration in a blocking solution, and incubated at 4 °C overnight. After three times washing with PBS, secondary antibody (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 568) from abcam) was added for 1 h, followed by wash 3 X with PBS before mounting with Prolong Gold (Invitrogen). Images were taken with a Zeiss LSM 700–405 confocal microscopes.
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5

Immunofluorescence Staining of Nuclear Proteins

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For immunofluorescence staining of nuclear proteins, cells were fixed, permeabilized, and blocked with BSA as described above. The cells were incubated with the following primary antibodies in 1% BSA and 0.03% Triton X-100 in PBS (–) at 4 °C overnight: anti-RNA polymerase II CTD repeat YSPTSPS (phospho S2) (5095, Abcam; 1:500), anti-topoisomerase I (85038, Abcam; 1:500), anti-RPA194 monoclonal (48385, Santa Cruz Biotechnology; 1:100), anti-fibrillarin monoclonal (2639, Cell Signaling Technology; 1:500), and anti-NPM 1 monoclonal (32–5200, Invitrogen; 1:500) antibodies. After washing with PBS (–), the cells were incubated with the following secondary antibodies in 1% BSA and 0.03% Triton X-100 in PBS (–) at room temperature for 1 h: Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L-Alexa Fluor® 568 (175471, Abcam; 1:500) and Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L-Alexa Fluor® 568 (175473, Abcam; 1:500). For nuclear staining, cells were incubated with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI; Invitrogen) at 1:500 at room temperature for 1 h. For RNA staining, cells were incubated with StrandBriteTM (AAT Bioquest) at 1:4000 at room temperature for 30 min. For cell viability assays, cells were incubated with 1 μM SYTOX OrangeTM (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and 20 μg/mL bisBenzimide H 33342 trihydrochloride (Hoechst33342; Sigma-Aldrich) in complete medium at 37 °C for 30 min prior to the observation.
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