PEG (MW 2 kDa, abbreviated as 2 K), methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG; MW 2 K), L-lactide ((3S)-cis-3,6-dimethyl-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione), N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), stannous octoate (tin(II)-2-ethylhexanoate, Sn(Oct)2), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), succinic anhydride, pyridine, and triethylamine (TEA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Tetrahydrofuran (THF), toluene, acetone, and dichloromethane (DCM) were purchased from Honeywell Burdick & Jackson® (Muskegon, MI, USA). Doxorubicin (DOX)•HCl was purchased from Boryung Co. (Jongro-gu, Seoul, Korea). Paclitaxel was obtained from Samyang Co. (Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea). Diethyl ether and hexane were purchased from Samchun Chemical (Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea). Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate (FITC-5-isothiocyanate) was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). KB cells were obtained from the Korean Cell Line Bank (Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea). RPMI 1640 medium, Dulbecco’s Phosphate-Buffered Saline (DPBS), penicillin–streptomycin solution, trypsin–EDTA solution, and FBS were purchased from Welgene (Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea). The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was purchased from Dojindo Molecular Technologies, Inc. (Rockville, MD, USA). The PierceTM BCA Protein Assay Kit was obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific.
N n dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, Italy, Canada, United Kingdom, India, Poland, Mexico
N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide is a chemical compound used as a coupling agent in organic synthesis. It facilitates the formation of amide bonds between carboxylic acids and amines.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
N hydroxysuccinimide, by Merck Group (44 mentions)
4 dimethylaminopyridine, by Merck Group (33 mentions)
Triethylamine, by Merck Group (27 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (25 mentions)
N n dimethylformamide (dmf), by Merck Group (12 mentions)
Dichloromethane, by Merck Group (12 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (11 mentions)
Succinic anhydride, by Merck Group (10 mentions)
4 dimethylaminopyridine dmap, by Merck Group (9 mentions)
Triton x 100, by Merck Group (9 mentions)
Sodium borohydride, by Merck Group (9 mentions)
Folic acid, by Merck Group (9 mentions)
Pyridine, by Merck Group (8 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Merck Group (8 mentions)
Trifluoroacetic acid, by Merck Group (8 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (8 mentions)
Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (7 mentions)
Dimethylformamide, by Merck Group (7 mentions)
Tetrahydrofuran, by Merck Group (6 mentions)
Toluene, by Merck Group (6 mentions)
150 protocols using n n dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
1
Biodegradable Polymer-Drug Conjugates for Cancer Therapy
2
Synthesis of Boc-Phe-Phe Dipeptide
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l -Phenylalanine (Phe), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt), N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), thionyl chloride and di-tert-butylpyrocarbonate (Boc2O) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich or Alfa Aesar and used as received. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA, Mw 120 000 purchased from Alpha Cimit), poly(l -lactic acid) (PLLA, Mw 217–225 000 purchased from Polysciences) and poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL, Mw 80 000, purchased from Aldrich). All solvents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used as received.
Boc-Phe-Phe (Fig. 1 ) was synthesized by a conventional solution-phase coupling reaction between Boc-Phe-OH and H-Phe-OMe mediated by DCC/HOBt. The Boc group was used for amino acid N-terminal protection and the C-terminal was protected as a methyl ester, by standard protecting group chemistry. Removal of the methyl ester group was performed using aqueous NaOH (2 mol L−1) and the saponification progress was monitored by thin layer chromatography.50 (link) All the intermediates were characterized by NMR spectroscopy on a Bruker Avance III 400 at an operating frequency of 400 MHz for 1H.
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Boc-Phe-Phe (
3
Mitochondrial Coating with Dextran-TPP
4
Synthesis and Characterization of Functional Polymeric Biomaterials
5
Functionalization of Silicone Oil for Biomedical Applications
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Poly[dimethylsiloxane-co-(3-aminopropyl)methylsiloxane] with a functional group equivalent weight of 4400 Da (silicone oil), N,N′-diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC), N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (HOBt), 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI), 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA), l -cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate (cysteine), 4,4′-dithiodipyridine (DTDP), 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid solution 5% (w/v) in demineralized water (TNBS), iodine, pyridine, triethylamine and 1-(2-methoxyphenylazo)-2-naphthol (sudan red G) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). All other chemicals, reagents and solvents were received from commercial sources.
6
Paracyclophane-based Biomaterial Synthesis
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The following materials were obtained commercially and used as received unless otherwise noted: [2 (link),2 (link)]paracyclophane (Jiangsu Miaoqiao Synthesis Chemical Co., China, 98%), aluminum chloride (Alfa Aesar, 99%), dichloromethane (Macron Chemicals, USA), anhydrous magnesium sulfate (J.T. Baker, USA, 99.5%), trifluoroacetic anhydride (Sigma-Aldrich, 99%), Hydrochloric acid (Sigma-Aldrich, 37%), sodium hydroxide (Sigma-Aldrich, 99%), potassium hydroxide (Showa Kako Corp., 85.5%), Tetrahydrofuran (Sigma-Aldrich, 99.9%), N,N’-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (Sigma-Aldrich, 99%), N-Hydroxysuccinimide (Alfa Aesar, 98%), recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (355-BM-050/CF, R&D systems, USA), and silicon wafers (Goldeninent Inc., Taiwan). Gold substrates were fabricated on a 4-inch silicon wafer by depositing a 300-Å layer of titanium followed by a 700-Å layer of gold with a thermal evaporator (Kao Duen Technology Co., Taiwan). All silicon substrates were cleaned using a piranha solution (3:1 v/v H2SO4:H2O2) before use.
7
Synthesis and Characterization of Multifunctional Nanoparticles
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CUR was purchased from Aladdin Industrial Corporation (Shanghai, China). 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoe-thanolamine (DSPE), 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phos-phoethanolamine-N-[carboxyl(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (DSPE-PEG-COOH), and DSPE-MPEG were provided by Avanti Polar Lipids. Cy5.5 was from Molecular Probes Inc. (Eugene, OR, USA). DSPE-PEG-Cy5.5 was prepared according to our previous literature.43 Bis-hydroxyl poly (ethyleneglycol) (PEG, molecular weight of ~2,000) was provided by Sinopeg Biotech Co., Ltd. (Xiamen, China). MTX and FA were purchased from Bio Basic Inc. (Markham, Ontario, Canada). N,N′-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), and N,N′-disuccinimidyl carbonate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ltd. (St Louis, MO, USA). DAPI was obtained from Molecular Probes Inc. (Eugene, OR, USA). MTT was purchased from Amresco (Solon, OH, USA). RPMI-1640, trypsin, and penicillin–streptomycin were ordered from Sigma Chemical Corp. (St Louis, MO, USA). Fetal bovine serum was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). All other chemicals and reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ltd., unless otherwise noted.
8
Synthesis and Characterization of Polymeric Nanocarriers
9
Synthesis of N-Phenylmaleimide Derivatives
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The following chemicals were used as received, unless mentioned otherwise. Pentafluorophenol (Carbolution Chemicals GmbH, Saarbrücken, Germany, 99%), 4-pentenoic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany, 95%), (S)-perillic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland, 95%), N-phenylmaleimide (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany, 97%), N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany 99%), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany, 99%), 1,2-dichloroethan (Alfa Aesar, ThermoFisher (Kandel) GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany, 99+%), 1,4-dioxane (Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium, 99.5%), N,N-dimethylformamide (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany, 99.8%), 2,2′-azobis (2-methylpropionitrile) (Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium, 98%), n-hexylamine (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany, 99%), benzylamine (MERCK, Kenilworth, NJ, USA, >99%), CDCl3 (Deutero GmbH, Kastellaun, Germnay, 99.8%), 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-phenyl-2-propanol (abcr, Karlsruhe, Germany, 99%). 2,2′-azobis (2-methylpropionitrile) (AIBN, Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium, 98%) was recrystallized from methanol.
10
Synthesis and Antioxidant Evaluation of Idebenone Derivatives
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Polyoxyethylene-20-oleyl ether (Brij 98®, Oleth-20) was bought from ACEF (Fiorenzuola D’Arda, Piacenza, Italy). Glyceryl oleate (Tegin O®, GO) was obtained from Th. Goldschmidt Ag (Milan, Italy). Cetyl palmitate (Cutina CP®, CP) was a gift from Basf (Ludwigshafen, Germany). Methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone (Kathon CG®), and imidazolidinyl urea (Gram 1®) were kindly supplied by Sinerga (Milan, Italy). 2,2′-Azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH) and fluorescin (FL) were bought from Sigma-Aldrich srl (Milan, Italy).
All chemicals and solvents used to synthesize Idebenone derivatives were reagent grade and were purchased: trolox (TRL), lipoic acid (LIP), N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), dry acetonitrile (CH3CN), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (4-DMAP), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and hydrochloric acid (HCl) from Sigma-Aldrich srl (Milan, Italy); idebenone (IDE) from Carbosynth Limited (Berkshire, UK).
All chemicals and solvents used to synthesize Idebenone derivatives were reagent grade and were purchased: trolox (TRL), lipoic acid (LIP), N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), dry acetonitrile (CH3CN), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (4-DMAP), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and hydrochloric acid (HCl) from Sigma-Aldrich srl (Milan, Italy); idebenone (IDE) from Carbosynth Limited (Berkshire, UK).
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