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SPF eggs are a laboratory product designed for specific-pathogen-free (SPF) research. They provide a controlled and standardized source of eggs that are free from common avian pathogens, ensuring a reliable and consistent substrate for various scientific applications.

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5 protocols using spf eggs

1

CAM-based Xenograft Tumor Assay

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The CAM-assay was performed as described elsewhere [69 (link)] with slight modifications. In brief, fertilized white leghorn chicken eggs (SPF eggs) were purchased from Charles River (Germany) and incubated at 37° C with 80% humidity (Grumbach BSS 160 MPGTFS) for three days. At day three, eggs were opened and transferred to plastic weighing boats. Ex ovo cultures were covered with a square petri dish and placed into a stationary incubator at 37°C and 80% humidity for six days. Then, collagen-onplants with PC3 cells were applied to CAMs (four equal onplants/CAM) and incubated for five days. Xenografts were analyzed under a stereomicroscope with a connected digital camera and flexible cold light (Olympus SZX10, Olympus E410). For histological analysis onplants were excised from the CAM, fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde solution and processed for paraffin sectioning. To determine the tumor area the ImageJ program (NIH,USA) was used. Successful target gene overexpression or downregulation was analyzed by qPCR as described above.
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2

Salmonella-Free Hatching and Rearing

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SPF eggs were purchased from Charles River Laboratories and incubated until the hatched at the VIDO animal facility. All the birds were raised at the VIDO-animal care facility in direct accordance with guidelines drafted by the University of Saskatchewan's Animal Care Committee (UACC) under Canadian Council on Animal Care (CCAC). On the day of hatch, swabs were collected to check for any Salmonella contamination before transferring the animals to separate rooms. The birds were not caged and had access to litter. Ad libitum feed and water were provided.
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3

Maintaining Specific Pathogen-Free Chickens

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White leghorn chickens hatched from SPF eggs (Charles River, North Franklin, CT) were maintained in Horsfall-type isolators in biosafety level 2 facilities. Experimental procedures and animal care were performed in compliance with all applicable federal and institutional animal guidelines. Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine is an Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care-accredited institution.
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4

Influenza Virus Propagation and Quantification

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Influenza virus A/California/04/2009 was propagated and harvested from allantoic fluid using fertilized research grade specific pathogen free (SPF) eggs (Charles River Laboratories, Norwich, CT) following standard protocols.35 Propagated virus was quantified via plaque assays using standard methods.35 Briefly, MDCK cells were infected using 10-fold dilutions then overlaid with 0.7% agarose and incubated for 7 days followed by staining with 0.5% crystal violet staining in 30% MeOH. Plaques were then counted and quantified to determine viral titers.
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5

Generation and Characterization of Influenza LAIV Viruses

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A/Leningrad/134/17/57 (H2N2) (Len/17-MDV) was provided by BioDiem (Australia). LAIV viruses A/Texas/50/2012(H3N2)-CDC-LV4A (LV4A), A/South Africa/3646/2013(H1N1pdm09)-CDC-LV14A (LV14A), A/Hong Kong/4801/2014(H3N2) CDC-LV15A (LV15A) were generated using classical reassortment with Len/17-MDV in specific pathogen free (SPF) eggs (Charles River Laboratories Inc., USA). The viruses used in plaque assay, RG-1 (7:1 reassortant) and RG-2 (6:2 reassortant) possess HA only or HA and NA of A/Texas/50/2012 origin, respectively and the rest of the genes from Len/17-MDV. RG viruses were generated by reverse genetics as described in (Shcherbik et al., 2015 ). 293T, human embryonic kidney (HEK) and Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK London) cells were maintained in DMEM High Glucose (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA) supplemented with 10% (for HEK) or 5% (for MDCK) fetal bovine serum (Life Technologies), 1 × GlutaMAX (Life Technologies) and 40 μg/ml Neomycin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO). Ferret polyclonal antisera to recombinant HA protein of A/Japan/305/1957 (H2N2) was obtained from the International Reagent Resource (IRR, Manassas, VA).
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