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10 protocols using emim tfsi

1

Fabrication of PVDF-HFP Ionic Gel Film Sensor

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A freestanding PVDF-HFP IG film was fabricated by a droplet drop-casting method (Keum et al., 2021b ). At first, PVDF-HFP pellets (average Mw ∼455,000, purchased from Sigma Aldrich) were dissolved in acetone (12 wt % of PVDF-HFP) and stirred for 4 h to prepare the PVDF-HFP solution. Then, the PVDF-HFP solution and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([EMIM][TFSI]) ionic liquid (≥98%, Mw = 391.31, purchased from Sigma Aldrich) were mixed at a weight ratio of 6.5:3.5 and stirred for 1 h. Next, the IG solution was dropped on a glass substrate with a volume of 10 μL. For the curing of IG film, thermal drying was carried out at 70°C for 24 h in a vacuum oven. After drying, the IG film was peeled off from the glass substrate. For the fabrication of textile-based multimodal sensor, two fabric sheets having AgNW/PEDOT fibers were prepared and the PVDF-HFP IG film was placed on the center region where two AgNW/PEDOT conducting fibers are present (top and bottom of the IG film). Here, an adhesive film (3M, 9472, 0.13 mm-thick) was used to attach the fabric sheets.
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2

Electrochemical Device Fabrication

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Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) pellets (Mw: 400,000, Sigma-Aldrich), poly(methacrylic acid methyl ester) (PMMA) powder (Mw: 996,000, Sigma-Aldrich), Zn(CF3O3S)2 powder (98.0%, Sigma-Aldrich), 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([EMIM]Cl) (98.0%, Sigma-Aldrich), ZnCl2 (≥98%, Sigma), [EMIM]CF3O3S ( ≥ 98%, Sigma-Aldrich), [EMIM][TFSI] (≥98%, Sigma-Aldrich), Li[TFSI] (99.95%, Sigma-Aldrich), acetone (≥99.8%, Fisher Chemical), acetonitrile (≥99.9%, Fisher Chemical), propylene carbonate (PC) (99.7%, Sigma-Aldrich), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) spacers were purchased and directly used without further treatments.
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3

Polymer Blend Synthesis and Characterization

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Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5diyl) (P3HT), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (EMIM-TFSI), and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Anhydrous m-xylene (> 99%) was purchased from Aladdin. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) was purchased from Dow Corning. Acetone (> 99.5%) purchased from Xilong Science Co., Ltd.
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4

Synthesis of PS-b-P2VP Block Copolymer

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A PS-b-P2VP was synthesized via living anionic polymerization (36 ). The number average molecular weight of the PS-b-P2VP BCP was 126 kg mol−1ps = 0.49, polymer dispersity index (PDI) = 1.05]. PGMEA, chloroform, ethanol, PEGDA (Mn = 700), HOMPP, Triton X-100, EMIMTFSI, LiTFSI, bromoethane, 1,4-dibromobutane, and hydrobromic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
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5

Printing Ion Gel Dielectric Layers

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Ion gel was prepared by combining polystyrene-b-methyl methacrylate-b-styrene (PS(6000)-b-PMMA(118000)-b-PS(6000), Polymer Source Inc): 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoro-methylsulfonyl)imide (EMIM-TFSI, Sigma Aldrich): ethyl acetate (Sigma-Aldrich) in a 1:9:90 ratio by weight. The resulting solution was stirred overnight before use in the printer and is shelf stable for at least 6 months. The ion gel ink was printed using a 150 μm nozzle. The sheath flow, carrier gas flow, and atomizer current were 25 sccm, 29 sccm, and 350 mA, respectively. The ink bath was at room temperature (20 °C) and the platen was heated to 80 °C. A print speed of 2 mm/s was used to print one pass of the ion gel to form the dielectric layer.
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6

Synthesis and Characterization of ZIF-62 and Polymer Electrolytes

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For the synthesis of the zinc‐based ZIF‐62 crystal, zinc nitrate hexahydrate (≥99%), imidazole (99.5%), and benzimidazole (98%) were acquired from Sigma‐Aldrich and dimethylformamide (DMF) (99.9%) was purchased from VWR chemicals. For the synthesis of polymer electrolyte films, PEO (Mw = 6 × 105), EMIM‐TFSI, and LiTFSI (≥99%) were obtained from Sigma‐Aldrich, while acetonitrile (≥99.99%) was obtained from VWR chemicals. For the NMR analyses, 35% deuterium chloride (DCl) in D2O/DMSO‐d6 was obtained from VWR chemicals. All the chemicals were used as purchased without further purification.
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7

Fabrication of PVDF-HFP-based Ionogel

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Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), acetone and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide ([EMIM][TFSI]) are purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
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8

Polymer Matrix-Based Electrochemical Supercapacitors

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Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA, Mw = 184 g mol−1, Kukdo chemical, Korea), O,O′-bis (2-aminopropyl) polypropylene glycol-block-polyethylene glycol-block-polypropylene glycol (Jeffamine ED-2003, Mw = 1900 g mol−1, Jeffamine ED-900 Mw = 900 g mol−1, Sigma-Aldrich, Korea), and triethylenetetramine (TETA, Mw = 146 g mol−1, Sigma-Aldrich, Korea) are used for the polymer matrix. 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazoliumbis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (EMImTFSI, Mw = 391 g mol−1, Sigma-Aldrich, Korea) was prepared as both ion conductor and solvent. For the EDLCs, the active material of the electrode is a mixture of 80 wt% activated carbon (AC) powder with a surface area of 2000 m2 g−1 (MTI Korea, Korea), 15 wt% conductive carbon with a surface area of 62 m2 g−1 (MTI Korea, Korea) and 5% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC, MTI Korea, Korea) powder.
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9

Fabrication and Characterization of MoS2 Transistors

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After a single Langmuir–Schaefer deposition the MoS2 networks had a film thickness of ~15 nm. Interdigitated electrodes (Ti/Au, 5 nm/95 nm) were then deposited (FC-2000 Temescal Evaporator) through a shadow mask (LCh = 50 µm, WCh = 19.4 mm) onto the sample. The ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (EMIM-TFSI, 98 %, HPLC, Sigma Aldrich) was utilised to regulate ion injection into the semiconducting channel. The ionic liquid was first heated under vacuum at 100 °C for 6 h to degas any absorbed water. Subsequently, a small amount of EMIM-TFSI was carefully pipetted onto the transistor, ensuring the gate and channel were adequately covered. To remove any remaining water, the devices were left in a Janis probe station under vacuum conditions overnight, lasting 12 h. After this step, the devices were returned to atmospheric pressure in preparation for measurements. For electrical characterisation, a Keithley 2612 A dual-channel source measuring unit was used. The transfer characteristics were undertaken within a gate voltage window of −3 to 3 V, employing a scan rate of 50 mV s−1. Additionally, VDS was set to 1 V for all the devices during the measurements.
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10

Synthesis and Characterization of Organic Semiconductors

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PBTTT (poly(2,5-bis(3-alkylthiophene-2-yl)thieno(3,2-b)thiophene); Mw = 44 kDa, PDI
= 1.47), IDTBT-C16 (poly(indaceno(1,2-b:5,6-b′)dithiophene-co-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole); (Mw = 92 kDa, PDI 2.3), and DPP-BTz (poly((2,5-bis(2-octadecyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-3,6-diketopyrrolo(3,4-c)pyrrole-1,4-diyl)-alt-(2-octylnonyl)-2,1,3-benzotriazole); Mw = 63 kDa, PDI = 3.2) were synthesized as described
previously.47 (link),58 (link),59 (link) P3HT (poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl); 99.0% RR, Mw = 44 kDa, PDI 2.1) was purchased from TCI. Ion-exchange
salts Li-PFSI (>98%), Li-HFSI (>98%), and Na-BArF (>98%,
<7% water)
were purchased from TCI; Li-TFSI (>99%, <1% water), Na-TFSI
(>97%),
BMP-TFSI (>98.5%, <0.04% water), EMIM-TFSI (>98%, <0.1%
water),
TBA-TFSI (>99%), DMPI-TFSM (>97%, <0.5% water), TBA-OTf (>99%),
and TBA PF6 (>99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. FeCl3 (anhydrous, >99.99% trace metals basis) was purchased
from Sigma-Aldrich.
All polymer and dopant solutions were prepared using anhydrous solvents
(Romil Hi-Dry, <20 ppm water). Triethylamine (>99.5%) and 4,4′-difluorobenzophenone
(TraceCERT certified reference material) for QNMR dedoping experiments
were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. All materials were used as received
with the exception of Na BArF, which was dried following the procedure
given by Yakelis et al.66 (link)
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