Bapta

Manufactured by Bio-Techne

Sourced in United Kingdom

BAPTA is a calcium-chelating agent commonly used in biochemical research. It functions by binding to calcium ions, effectively removing them from the immediate environment. This action allows for the regulation and control of calcium-dependent processes in experimental settings.

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Lab products found in correlation

U73122, by Bio-Techne (3 mentions) A438079, by Bio-Techne (2 mentions) Wortmannin, by Bio-Techne (2 mentions) Bicuculline, by Bio-Techne (2 mentions) Thrombin, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Tirofiban, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Dasatinib, by Selleck Chemicals (1 mentions) Boc mlf, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions) Gf109203x, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions) Mg101, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions) Stattic, by Selleck Chemicals (1 mentions) Sb203580, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions) Adenosine triphosphate (atp), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Trolox, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Apyrase, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Apocynin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Bzatp, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Phorbol 12 myristate 13 acetate, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Go6983, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions) α bungarotoxin, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

BAPTA-AM (53 citations) 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy) ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA, AM) (2 citations) BAPTA-AM (2787) (2 citations)

14 protocols using bapta

Inhibition of GPVI Signaling Pathways

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Each inhibitor was added 20 min before stimulation with LL-37 or CRAMP. BAPTA (inhibitor of intracellular calcium release); U-73122 (phospholipase C inhibitor); GF109203X (Protein kinase C inhibitor); SB203580 (p38-MAPK inhibitor), MG101 (calpain inhibitor); wortmannin (phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor); Boc-MLF (FPR1-receptor inhibitor); WRW4 (FPR2-receptor inhibitor); and A438079 (P2X7 receptor inhibitor) were all obtained from Tocris (Bristol, UK). Pertussis toxin and cholera toxin (inhibitors of G-protein signaling) and Tirofiban (GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor) were from Sigma. Abciximab was from Elly Lilly (USA). Dasatinib (inhibitor of Src-family kinases), R406 (Syk Inhibitor), and Stattic (STAT3-Inhibitor) were from Selleckchem (Houston, USA). Anti-mouse GPVI antibody was from Emfret (clone JAQ1, Cat No. M011-0). The inhibitory monoclonal antibody HGP5C4 directed against human GPVI and the respective isotype control antibody RmC7H8 were generated by immunization of Lou/C rats with an adenovirally expressed human GPVI-Fc fusion protein. The latter represents a soluble form of GPVI with the extracellular domain of human GPVI fused to the human Fc domain. 4C9 and 5C4 monoclonal antibodies (immunoglobulin G1 subtype) specifically bound to GPVI-Fc but not control Fc^{65 (link)}. RmC7H8, raised in rats against an irrelevant human antigen, served as control monoclonal antibody (mAb).

Pircher J., Czermak T., Ehrlich A., Eberle C., Gaitzsch E., Margraf A., Grommes J., Saha P., Titova A., Ishikawa-Ankerhold H., Stark K., Petzold T., Stocker T., Weckbach L.T., Novotny J., Sperandio M., Nieswandt B., Smith A., Mannell H., Walzog B., Horst D., Soehnlein O., Massberg S, & Schulz C. (2018). Cathelicidins prime platelets to mediate arterial thrombosis and tissue inflammation. Nature Communications, 9, 1523.

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Pharmacological Interventions in Ischemic Stroke

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A438079 (P2X7 antagonist), Go6983 (PKC inhibitor), or BAPTA (intracellular Ca²⁺ chelator) was purchased from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK). ATP, BzATP, Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, PKC activator), apocynin (NADPH oxidase inhibitor), Trolox (ROS scavenger), or apyrase were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). ATP (5~50 mg/kg), BzATP (5 mg/kg), apyrase (0.2 U/kg) were administered intravenously in 0.3 mL PBS, and apocynin (2.5 mg/kg) or Trolox (2.5 mg/kg) was dissolved in DMSO and administered intravenously in 0.3 mL PBS after 9 h of pMCAO.

Kim S.W., Davaanyam D., Seol S.I., Lee H.K., Lee H, & Lee J.K. (2020). Adenosine Triphosphate Accumulated Following Cerebral Ischemia Induces Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(20), 7668.

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Pharmacological Modulation of Nicotinic Signaling

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All chemicals were obtained from Sigma Aldrich unless otherwise indicated: nicotine (nicotine hydrogen tartrate salt), DNQX (6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione, ABCAM), bicuculline (Tocris), TTX (tetrodotoxin citrate, ABCAM), BAPTA (1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid, Tocris), SR-16584 (1,3-dihydro-1-(3-exo)-9-methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]non-3-yl]-2H-indol-2-one, Tocris), MEC (mecamylamine, Tocris), αBTX (α-Bungarotoxin, Tocris), and DhβE (di-hydro-β-erithroidine hydrobromide, Tocris).

Wolfman S.L., Gill D.F., Bogdanic F., Long K., Al-Hasani R., McCall J.G., Bruchas M.R, & McGehee D.S. (2018). Nicotine aversion is mediated by GABAergic interpeduncular nucleus inputs to laterodorsal tegmentum. Nature Communications, 9, 2710.

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Pharmacological Agents for Synaptic Plasticity

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Pharmacological agents were purchased from: Sigma-Aldrich: Fluoroacetate, thapsigargin, BAPTA, bicuculline methbromide, Tricine, Zinc chloride, d-serine, and GDPβS; Tocris Bioscience: nimodipine, (+)-MK-801 maleate, d-AP5, NBQX, TTX citrate, PPDA, Ro 25-6981 maleate, MCPG, MPEP, LY341495, AM251, 2-AG, and FK506; and Abcam: UBP-141. Salts used for internal and external solutions were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Compounds were dissolved in H₂O or Ringer solution with the exception of thapsigargin, nimodipine, PPDA, FK506, THL, AM251, and 2-AG, which were dissolved in DMSO. Vehicle (DMSO) at the concentrations used did not affect baseline EPSP amplitudes and had no other detectable effects on the neurons. When investigating the effect of pharmacological agents on plasticity, all drugs were included in the superfusion fluid or patch pipette from the start of the experiment until completion (from 0 to 50 min in a standard plasticity experiment), except for Fluoroacetate, which was applied from 60 min before the start of recording. When determining the effect of a pharmacological agent on baseline condition, a stable baseline of at least 10 min was first recorded and then the drug was bath applied by switching to a different perfusion line.

Andrade-Talavera Y., Duque-Feria P., Paulsen O, & Rodríguez-Moreno A. (2016). Presynaptic Spike Timing-Dependent Long-Term Depression in the Mouse Hippocampus. Cerebral Cortex (New York, NY), 26(8), 3637-3654.

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Electrophysiological Recordings with Neuromodulators

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Drugs were made fresh on day of use. For field recording studies, the GABA_AR antagonist PTX was prepared as a stock solution (10 mM) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), whereas the SK channel antagonist, apamin (250 μM), and the mGluR II/III agonist, DCG IV (10 mM) were made as stock solutions in distilled water (all from Tocris Biosciences, Minneapolis, MN, USA). Each was then diluted in aCSF to attain the desired final concentration, for PTX containing a final DMSO concentration at <0.1% (PTX, 1 μM; apamin 200 nM; DCG IV, 1 μM). For whole cell recordings, the NMDAR antagonist AP-5 (HelloBio, Princeton, NJ, USA) and the GABA_AR antagonist bicuculline (Tocris Biosciences, Minneapolis, MN, USA) were made as stock solutions in distilled water and diluted to the final concentration in aCSF (50 mM and 20 mM, respectively). PTX was made as a stock solution (50 mM) in DMSO. The Ca²⁺ chelator, BAPTA (Tocris Biosciences, Minneapolis, MN, USA) was made directly in the internal solution to a concentration of 10 mM.

Quintanilla J., Jia Y., Lauterborn J.C., Pruess B.S., Le A.A., Cox C.D., Gall C.M., Lynch G, & Gunn B.G. (2022). Novel types of frequency filtering in the lateral perforant path projections to dentate gyrus. The Journal of physiology, 600(16), 3865-3896.

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Platelet activation signaling pathways

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MRS2395 [2,2-Dimethyl-propionic acid 3-(2-chloro-6-methylaminopurin-9-yl)-2-(2,2-dimethyl-propionyloxymethyl)-propyl
ester], adenosine diphosphate (ADP), wortmannin, thrombin and all other chemicals and reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich
(St Louis, MO, USA) or previously mentioned sources unless specified otherwise.[12 (link), 13 (link)] TRAP-6 (SFLLRN), U73122, U73343, Ro 31–8220, Rottlerin, Go6976, MRS2179, BAPTA,
PSB 0739 and AR-C 66096 were obtained from Tocris (Bristol, UK). Ticagrelor was purchased from Oxchem Corporation (Wood Dale, IL,
USA). AYPGKF-NH₂ was obtained from Abgent (San Diego, CA, USA). Oregon Green® 488 BAPTA-1 AM (OG488 BAPTA-1 AM)
was from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Carlsbad, CA, USA). PAC-1-FITC and anti-CD62P-APC were obtained from BD Bioscience (San Jose,
CA, USA). Anti-AKT, phospho (p)AKT-Ser473, pGSK3β-Ser9 and pPKC-Ser substrates were from Cell Signaling Technology
(Danvers, MA, USA).

Mitrugno A., Rigg R.A., Laschober N.B., Ngo A.T., Pang J., Williams C.D., Aslan J.E, & McCarty O.J. (2017). Potentiation of TRAP-6-induced platelet dense granule release by blockade of P2Y12 signaling with MRS2395. Platelets, 29(4), 383-394.

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Analyzing Platelet Signaling Cascades

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Anti-FAK, anti-Pyk2, the anti-phosphotyrosine antibody, 4G10, and HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse and mouse anti-rabbit light chain specific IgGs were all obtained from Millipore (Lake Placid, NJ, USA); normal rabbit and mouse IgGs and RGD peptide were from Santa Cruz (CA, USA), while anti-PLCγ2 and anti-Hic-5 were from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Boston, MA, USA). Anti-Rac1 was from Tebu-Bio (Peterborough, UK). Cross-linked collagen related peptide (CRP) was purchased from Prof. Richard Farndale (Dept of Biochemistry, Cambridge University, UK). The pharmacological inhibitors, PF-573228 (hereafter referred to as PF-228), PP2, Wortmannin, EHT-1864, U73122, GF109302× and the Ca²⁺ chelator, BAPTA, were from Tocris Bioscience (R&D Systems Europe, UK). Tyrphostin A9 was from Calbiochem. ML171 (2-acetylphenothiazine), and BAY61-3606 (hereafter referred to as BAY) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Carrim N., Walsh T.G., Consonni A., Torti M., Berndt M.C, & Metharom P. (2014). Role of Focal Adhesion Tyrosine Kinases in GPVI-Dependent Platelet Activation and Reactive Oxygen Species Formation. PLoS ONE, 9(11), e113679.

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Calcium Imaging of Mechanosensitive Channels

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BAPTA (cat no. 2786), GsMTx4 (Piezo1/2 inhibitor; cat no. 4912), and Yoda1 (Piezo1/2 activator; cat no. 5586) were purchased from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK). Prior to confinement, cells were treated with drug for 1 hr. Simultaneously, confining devices were incubated with drug in complete media for at least 1 hr before loading cells. For measurements of intracellular [Ca²⁺], cells were simultaneously loaded with the red fluorescent Ca²⁺ indicator, Calbryte (cat no. 20700; AAT Bioquest, Pleasanton, CA), and a green fluorescent dye (cat no. C7025; Thermo Fisher) for ratiometric fluorescence imaging.

Kar N., Caruso A.P., Prokopiou N, & Logue J.S. (2024). The activation of INF2 by Piezo1/Ca2+ is required for mesenchymal to amoeboid transition in confined environments. bioRxiv.

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NMDAR antagonists and Ca2+ chelator effects

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Cell culture reagents were purchased from Sigma (Schnelldorf, Germany) and Invitrogen (Basel, Switzerland). NMDA receptor antagonists D-APV (also called D-AP5, d-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Batch No.:71), MK-801 ((5 S,10 R)-(+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine maleate; Batch No.:8), memantine (3,5-dimethyl-tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decan-1-amine hydrochloride; Batch No.:9), Ca²⁺ chelator BAPTA (Batch No.:4), AMPA receptor antagonist CNQX (6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Batch No.:33) were purchased from Tocris (Bristol, UK). PTX was purchased from List Biological Laboratories (Campbell, CA, USA).

Birnbaum J.H., Bali J., Rajendran L., Nitsch R.M, & Tackenberg C. (2015). Calcium flux-independent NMDA receptor activity is required for Aβ oligomer-induced synaptic loss. Cell Death & Disease, 6(6), e1791-.

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Murine Platelet Signaling Assays

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U46619 was from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI). Thrombin receptor activating peptide 4 (TRAP4; AYPGKF-NH2) and ADP analog Adenosine 5′-[β-thio]diphosphate trilithium salt was from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Antibodies for Akt, pAkt, ERK and pERK were from Cell Signaling (Danvers, MA). ADP and other platelet disposables were from Chrono-Log (Havertown, PA). TRPC6 inhibitor (GsMTx-4) was from Alomone labs (Israel). FITC-conjugated Annexin V, anti–P-selectin, and PAC-1 antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Danvers, MA). Fura-2 acetoxymethyl ester (fura-2/AM) and Pluronic F-127 were from Invitrogen (Grand Island, NY). Sodium citrate, whatman filter paper, ferric chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, and D-dextrose were from Fisher Scientific (Hanover Park, IL). The radiolabeled [³H]SQ29,548 was purchased from pERKinElmer (Waltham, MA). BAPTA was purchased from Tocris Bioscience (Ellisville, Missouri).The C57BL/6 mice were obtained from Jackson laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME). Platelet count was determined using an automated hematology analyzer (Drew Scientific Dallas, TX).

Vemana H.P., Karim Z.A., Conlon C, & Khasawneh F.T. (2015). A Critical Role for the Transient Receptor Potential Channel Type 6 in Human Platelet Activation. PLoS ONE, 10(4), e0125764.

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