All mice were housed under pathogen-free conditions in the animal
facilities at Massachusetts General Hospital and University of Louisville in
compliance with animal care and all relevant ethical regulations. Six to ten
week old female C57BL/6J (The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, strain code:
000664), female FVB (Charles River, Wilmington, MA, strain code: 207), female
SKH-1 Elite (Charles River Laboratories, strain code: 477), and male and female
XPC−/− (The Jackson Laboratory, strain code:
010563) were used in the immunocompetent arms of this study. Female
CD4−/−;CD8−/− mice in the
FVB background were used as T cell deficient hosts (provided by Dr. David G.
DeNardo; CD8−/−: The Jackson Laboratory, strain code:
032563). Age- and gender-matched groups of mice were used in all experiments.
Wherever possible, animals were randomized into test versus control groups and
power analysis was used to determine optimal number of animals in each group. In
tumor studies, skin tumor onset and tumor counts were recorded from the time of
DMBA treatment (week 0) and the maximum tumor diameter allowed was 2 cm.
MmuPV1-infected mice were housed in a biocontainment unit in an animal facility
at University of Louisville in accordance with animal care regulations.
facilities at Massachusetts General Hospital and University of Louisville in
compliance with animal care and all relevant ethical regulations. Six to ten
week old female C57BL/6J (The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, strain code:
000664), female FVB (Charles River, Wilmington, MA, strain code: 207), female
SKH-1 Elite (Charles River Laboratories, strain code: 477), and male and female
XPC−/− (The Jackson Laboratory, strain code:
010563) were used in the immunocompetent arms of this study. Female
CD4−/−;CD8−/− mice in the
FVB background were used as T cell deficient hosts (provided by Dr. David G.
DeNardo; CD8−/−: The Jackson Laboratory, strain code:
032563). Age- and gender-matched groups of mice were used in all experiments.
Wherever possible, animals were randomized into test versus control groups and
power analysis was used to determine optimal number of animals in each group. In
tumor studies, skin tumor onset and tumor counts were recorded from the time of
DMBA treatment (week 0) and the maximum tumor diameter allowed was 2 cm.
MmuPV1-infected mice were housed in a biocontainment unit in an animal facility
at University of Louisville in accordance with animal care regulations.