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Colloidal silver

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Colloidal silver is a suspension of silver nanoparticles in a liquid medium. It is a type of lab equipment used for various applications in scientific research and industrial processes.

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Lab products found in correlation

Chloroplatinic acid hydrate, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Lead 2 acetate trihydrate, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Potassium nitrate, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Nitric oxide tank, by Airgas (2 mentions) Isopropanol and acetone, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Catechol, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Nano su 8 developer, by MicroChem (2 mentions) Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (2 mentions) Hank s balanced salt solution, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Sodium carbonate, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Sodium phosphate monobasic, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Fused silica capillary, by Molex (1 mentions) Polishing pad, by Buehler (1 mentions) Ps powder, by Goodfellow (1 mentions) Su 8 50 photoresist, by MicroChem (1 mentions) C2h5oh, by Honeywell (1 mentions) Hydroxylamine hydrochloride, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Ethanol, by Honeywell (1 mentions) Glutaraldehyde solution, by Merck Group (1 mentions)

9 protocols using colloidal silver

1

Fabrication of Electrochemical Sensors

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The following chemicals and materials were used as received: Nano SU-8 developer, SU-8 50 (Microchem, Newton, MA, USA); catechol, potassium dicyanoaurate (I), sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate monobasic, chloroplatinic acid hydrate, lead (II) acetate trihydrate, Hanks balanced salt solution (HBSS), sodium dodecyl sulfate, and potassium nitrate (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA); 1 mm glassy carbon rod (Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA, USA); Au, 3 mm 200 mesh regular grid (SPI supplies, West Chaster, PA, USA); soldering wire, extending wire and heat shrink tubes (RadioShack); 70 mL disposable aluminum dish, isopropanol and acetone (Fisher Scientific, Springfield, NJ, USA); colloidal silver (Ted Pella, Redding, CA, USA); electrode polishing pads (Allied High Tech Products, Inc., Rancho Dominguez, CA, USA); Permatex 5 minute epoxy (ITW Performance Polymers, IL, USA); Nitric oxide (NO) tank (99.5%, Airgas Inc., Radnor, PA, USA); polystyrene (PS) powder (Goodfellow Cambridge Ltd., Huntingdon, England).
Selimovic A., Erkal J.L., Spence D.M, & Martin R.S. (2014). Microfluidic Device with Tunable Post Arrays and Integrated Electrodes for Studying Cellular Release. The Analyst, 139(22), 5686-5694.
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2

Fabrication of Microscale Devices

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The following chemicals and materials were used as received: Nano SU-8 developer, SU-8 50 photoresist (Microchem, Newton, MA, USA); silicon wafers (University Wafers, Boston, MA, USA); fused silica capillary (Polymicro Technologies, Phoenix, AZ, USA); catechol, dopamine, boric acid, TES sodium salt, sodium dodecyl sulfate, potassium nitrate, Hanks balanced saline solution (HBSS), chloroplatinic acid hydrate, and lead (II) acetate trihydrate (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA); Sylgard 184 (Ellsowrth Adhesives, Germantown, WI, USA); 100 μm gold wire (Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA, USA); heat shrink tubes (Radioshack); isopropanol and acetone (Fisher Scientific, Springfield, NJ, USA); colloidal silver (Ted Pella, Redding, CA, USA); polishing pads (Buehler, Lake Bluff, IL, USA); disposable aluminum dishes (Fisher Scientific); NO tank (99.5%; Airgas, Radnor, PA, USA); PS powder (Goodfellow Cambridge, Huntingdon, England); Shrinky-Dinks© Crystal Clear (K & B Innovations, Inc. North Lake, WI, USA); isophorone (Ercon, Wareham, MA, USA); Apache laminator model AL13P (Apache Laminators).
Pentecost A.M, & Martin R.S. (2015). Fabrication and Characterization of All-Polystyrene Microfluidic Devices with Integrated Electrodes and Tubing. Analytical methods : advancing methods and applications, 7(7), 2968-2976.
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3

Electrochemical Biosensor Fabrication Protocol

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The following chemicals and materials were used as received: 0.5 mm gold wire, 0. 5 mm silver wire, firefly lantern extract, catechol, dopamine hydrochloride, chloroplatinic acid hydrate, lead (II) acetate trihydrate, Hanks’ balanced salt solution (HBSS), TES (Trizma acetate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), sucrose) buffer, and potassium nitrate (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO); Armstrong C-7 resin, Activator A and E (Ellsworth Adhesives, Germantown, WI); silver conductive epoxy (MG Chemicals, Burlington, ON, Canada); J-B Kwik (J-B Weld Co., Sulphur Springs, TX); 250 and 500 μm platinum wire, 2 mm palladium wire, and 1 mm glassy carbon rod (Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA); soldering wire and heat shrink tubes (Radio Shack); isopropanol and acetone (Fisher Scientific, Springfield, NJ); colloidal silver (Ted Pella, Redding, CA); electrode polishing pads (CH Instruments, Austin, TX; Allied High Tech Products, Inc., Rancho Dominguez, CA); nitric oxide (NO) tank (99.5%) (Airgas Inc., Radnor, PA); polyetheretherketone (PEEK) fitting nuts (P-131: 1/8” outer diameter (o.d.) tubing, P-137: 3/16” o.d. tubing), one-piece finger tight fittings for 1/16” o.d. tubing (IDEX Health & Science, Oak Harbor, WA); Nafion (5% w/w Nafion, Ion Power Inc., New Castle, DE or Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO).
Erkal J.L., Selimovic A., Gross B.C., Lockwood S.Y., Walton E.L., McNamara S., Martin R.S, & Spence D.M. (2014). 3D Printed Microfluidic Devices with Integrated Versatile and Reusable Electrodes. Lab on a chip, 14(12), 2023-2032.
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4

Conductivity Measurements of ITO and Silicon Wafers

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Sodium dodecyl sulfate (C12H25SO4Na, >99%, J. T. Baker), anhydrous
copper(II) chloride (CuCl2, 98%, Alfa Aesar), sodium hydroxide
(NaOH, 98%, Sigma–Aldrich), hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NH2OH·HCl, 99%, Sigma–Aldrich), and ethanol (C2H5OH, 99.8%, Honeywell) were used without further
purification. Ultrapure distilled and deionized water (18.2 MΩ)
was used for all preparations. Commercial indium tin oxide (ITO) glass
(6 μm ITO on 1 mm glass, <10 Ω), colloidal silver (16031,
Ted Pella Inc.), a Si (111) wafer (4 in. × 500 μm, R = 16–20 kΩ, double sides polished, Elight),
a Si (100) wafer (4 in. × 300 μm, R =
15–20 kΩ, double sides polished, Elight), and a Si (110)
wafer (4 in. × 500 μm, R = 20 kΩ,
double sides polished, EL-CAT Inc.) were cut and cleaned before the
conductivity measurements.
Lee A.T., Tan C.S, & Huang M.H. (2021). Current Rectification and Photo-Responsive Current Achieved through Interfacial Facet Control of Cu2O–Si Wafer Heterojunctions. ACS Central Science, 7(11), 1929-1937.
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5

Aphid Feeding Behavior on PGPR-Treated Plants

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To study the feeding behavior of aphids on PGPR-inoculated plants, an electrical penetration graph (EPG) was conducted on the two clones +E and −E at Day 0. A 25 μm-thin and 2 cm-long gold-wire was attached to the adult aphid’s dorsum with a small droplet of conductive water-based silver glue (colloidal silver, Ted Pella Inc., Redding, USA, CA). Then, the aphids were left for 30 min on moistened filter paper in a Petri dish for conditioning. Afterwards, the aphids were placed on broad bean leaf in a Faraday cage and connected with the probe of a DC−EPG (EPG Systems, Wageningen, The Netherlands) by a copper nail. EPG signals were recorded over 4 h with the Stylet+d software (EPG Systems). A 4-channel amplifier (model Giga-4) was used to carry out recordings for each treatment. Each aphid was recorded only once, and 27, 31, 27, and 26 replicates were performed for the −E/−PGPR, −E/+PGPR, +E/−PGPR, and +E/+PGPR treatments, respectively. The obtained waveforms were identified with the Stylet+a (EPG Systems) and A2EPG softwares [35 (link)]. The sequences of the waveforms for each replicate were imported into the Excel workbook of Sarria et al. (2009) [36 (link)] to automatically calculate all of the sequential and non-sequential EPG variables that characterize the probing and ingestion phases, among which 65 were selected for further statistical analyses.
Serteyn L., Quaghebeur C., Ongena M., Cabrera N., Barrera A., Molina-Montenegro M.A., Francis F, & Ramírez C.C. (2020). Induced Systemic Resistance by a Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium Impacts Development and Feeding Behavior of Aphids. Insects, 11(4), 234.
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6

Electrochemical Biosensing Protocol

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The following chemicals and materials were used as received: catechol, sodium carbonate, lead (II) acetate, chloroplatinic acid hydrate, potassium dicyanoaurate (I), Nafion perfluorinated resin solution, nitrite ion standard solution, adenosine 5’- triphosphate disodium salt hydrate, N-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, Hanks’ balanced salt solution (HBSS), glutaraldehyde solution and acridine orange hemi (zinc chloride) salt (Millipore-Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Armstrong C-7 resin and Activator A (Ellsworth Adhesives, Germantown, WI, USA); Loctite 5 minute clear epoxy (Home Depot); 100 µm gold wire (Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA, USA); copper electrical wire, soldering wire and heat shrink tubes (Radioshack); colloidal silver (Ted Pella, Redding, CA, USA); Fingertight fitting F-120X, capillary tubing connectors F-230 and Super Flangeless Fitting P-131 (IDEX Health & Science, Oak Habor, WA, USA); BAS electrode polishing kit (Bioanalytical Systems Inc, West Lafayette, IN, USA); 75 µm ID flexible fused silica capillary tubing (Polymicro Technologies, Lisle, IL, USA).
Munshi A.S., Chen C., Townsend A.D, & Martin R.S. (2018). Use of 3D Printing and Modular Microfluidics to Integrate Cell Culture, Injections and Electrochemical Analysis. Analytical methods : advancing methods and applications, 10(27), 3364-3374.
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7

Electrical Penetration Graphing of Planthoppers

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EPG assays were performed as described previously53 . Feeding behaviors of SPBHs on barley were monitored continuously for 8 h using an 8-channel DC-EPG device (EPG systems, Wageningen University, The Netherlands) in an electrically grounded Faraday cage. After a 4 h pre-starvation period, dorsum of healthy and infected planthoppers was connected to a gold wire (2-cm long and 12.5-µm in diameter) through a water-soluble silver conductive paint (Colloidal Silver; Ted Pella, Inc.). The other end of the wire was connected to the Giga-8 DC-EPG amplifier through the EPG probe. Then the planthoppers were carefully moved to barley plants. The hard copper wire of plant electrode was inserted into soil. The data sets were recorded and analyzed by Stylet+ software (Wageningen University, The Netherlands).
Gao D.M., Qiao J.H., Gao Q., Zhang J., Zang Y., Xie L., Zhang Y., Wang Y., Fu J., Zhang H., Han C, & Wang X.B. (2023). A plant cytorhabdovirus modulates locomotor activity of insect vectors to enhance virus transmission. Nature Communications, 14, 5754.
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8

Electrochemical Detection of Neurotransmitters

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Dopamine hydrochloride, norepinephrine (≥98%), catechol (≥99%), epinephrine, serotonin, sodium phosphate monobasic dihydrate (>99%), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 99.99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Sodium phosphate dibasic was purchased from Electron Microscopy Sciences. Phosphate buffer was made using sodium phosphate monobasic dihydrate and Sodium phosphate dibasic. The pH was adjusted by adding NaOH while monitoring with an Accumet Basic AB15+ pH Meter. Ultrapure water (18.2 MΩ cm) was obtained from a Barnstead Nanopure filtration system. Polydimethyslsiloxane (PDMS) devices were made using Sylgard 184 elastomer base (Ellsworth Adhesives, Germantown, WI, USA) from masters fabricated with SU-8 50 photoresist and Nano SU-8 developer (Microchem, Newton, MA, USA). Polystyrene bases were made with polystyrene powder (250 μm particle size, Goodfellow, Huntingdon, England), fused silica capillary (360 μm o.d., 150 μm i.d., Molex), and a gold wire electrode (25 μm diameter, Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA, USA). The electrode was connected to a copper wire with colloidal silver (Ted Pella, Redding, CA, USA). A commercial gold plating solution (OROTEMP® 24 RTU RACK, Technic Inc.) was used for all electrodeposition. All other chemicals were analytical grade and used without any further purification.
Bailey M.R., Martin R.S, & Schultz Z.D. (2016). Role of Surface Adsorption in the Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering and Electrochemical Detection of Neurotransmitters. The journal of physical chemistry. C, Nanomaterials and interfaces, 120(37), 20624-20633.
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9

Preparation of Adult Heads for SEM Imaging

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Adult heads were removed, bisected sagittally, and fixed overnight in 2% glutaraldehyde + 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4. Samples were processed in a critical point dryer, mounted on carbon tape (16,084-6; Ted Pella) or with colloidal silver (16,034; Ted Pella) on an scanning EM stub (16,221; Ted Pella) and splutter coated with gold-palladium (22-2; Ted Pella). Images were collected on a JEOL Neoscope scanning electron microscope and cropped in Photoshop (Adobe).
White K.A., Grillo-Hill B.K., Esquivel M., Peralta J., Bui V.N., Chire I, & Barber D.L. (2018). β-Catenin is a pH sensor with decreased stability at higher intracellular pH. The Journal of Cell Biology, 217(11), 3965-3976.
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