Toluene 2 4 diisocyanate

Rapeseed oil (Loba Chemie, Maharashtra, India), diethanolamine (Loba Chemie, Maharashtra, India), sodium metal, sodium chloride (BDH chemicals Ltd., Poole, England), magnesium acetate (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), calcium acetate (Winlab, Limited, Leicestershire, MA, USA), toluene (Fisher scientific company, Branchburg, NJ, USA), toluene 2,4-diisocyanate (TDI, 80%, Acros Organics, Morris Plains, NJ, USA), diethyl ether, methanol (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA).

The organic solvents heptane, toluene, xylene, and cyclohexane were purchased from Romical, along with chemicals and laboratory equipment. Poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone)-graft-(1-hexadecene) co-polymer (containing 80% by weight of C₁₆ α-olefin and 20% by weight of polymerized vinylpyrrolidone) (Agrimer AL-22) was purchased from International Specialty Products (ISP). Bis-poly(ethylene glycol)/poly(propylene glycol)-14/14 dimethicone (ABIL EM 97) was purchased from Evonik. Poly(ethylene glycol) 200, sodium tetrachloropalladate (Na₂PdCl₄), dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt (AOT), sorbitan monooleate (span 80), poly(ethylene glycol) oleyl ether (brij 92v), branched poly(ethylene amine) 800, 2,2′(ethylenedioxy)bis(ethylamine), hexamethylenediamine (HMDA), and diethylenetriamine (DETA) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich-Merck. Polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate (PAPI 27) was contributed by FMC Corporation. Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) was purchased from Acros Organics. All substrates were purchased either from Alfa Aesar (Tewksbury, MA, USA) or Sigma Aldrich-Merck (Budapest, Hungary).