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33 dual syringe pump

Manufactured by Harvard Apparatus

The 33 Dual Syringe Pump is a laboratory equipment designed to precisely control the flow of fluids. It features two independent syringe pumps that can be operated simultaneously or independently. The pump is capable of accurately delivering small volumes of liquids or solutions in a controlled manner.

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4 protocols using 33 dual syringe pump

1

Electrospinning of MEH-PPV Nanofibers

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Fibers
are produced by
electrospinning a solution (70–200 μM polymer) of poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene]
(MEH-PPV) (molecular weight 380 000 g/mol, American Dye Source
Inc.). Sprayed films of microbeads and microfibers are obtained at
concentrations >200 μM. The polymer is dissolved in a 1:4
(weight:weight)
mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and tetrahydrofuran (THF). The
electrospinning system consists of a microprocessor dual drive syringe
pump (33 Dual Syringe Pump, Harvard Apparatus Inc.), feeding the polymer
solution through the metallic needle at constant rate (10 μL/min).
A 11 kV bias is applied between the needle and a metallic collector
(needle-collector distance 6 cm), made of two Al stripes positioned
at a mutual distance of 2 cm. The MEH-PPV nanofibers are collected
on a 1 × 1 cm2 quartz substrate for optical investigation.
Arrays of uniaxially aligned nanofibers are also produced by using
a rotating collector (4000 rpm, corresponding to a linear velocity
of 30 m/s at the disk edge) for emission polarization measurements,
featuring similar morphology and optical properties as samples deposited
on the Al stripes. The fiber morphology is investigated by scanning
electron microscopy (SEM) using a Nova NanoSEM 450 system (FEI), with
an acceleration voltage of 5–10 kV.
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2

Electrospinning of PMMA Nanocomposites with ZnO

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ZnO NWs (manufacture code 773999)
and ZnO NPs (manufacture code 544906) with high purity67 (link)−69 (link) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. X-ray diffraction (XRD) data
on these materials69 (link)−72 (link) indicate typical hexagonal wurtzite structures with high crystallinity.
PMMA (average molecular weight ∼120,000 Da), and chloroform
were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Ethanol was purchased from Fluka,
and DMF was purchased from Carlo Erba. Solutions for electrospinning
were prepared by 250 mg mL–1 of PMMA dissolved in
a mix of chloroform, ethanol, and DMF with a volume ratio of 4:4:1
and ZnO NPs or NWs added at a relative weight ratio (χ) between
10% and 50% with respect to the polymer. The solution was loaded in
a syringe with a 27 gauge needle and injected through the needle at
constant flow rate of 1 mL h–1 by a microprocessor
dual-drive syringe pump (33 Dual Syringe Pump, Harvard Apparatus Inc.,
Holliston, MA). A voltage of 12 kV (XRM30P, Gamma High Voltage Research
Inc., Ormond Beach, FL) was applied to the spinneret, and fibers were
collected at distance of 10 cm from the needle on a metallic collector
biased at −6 kV. Either a plate or a rotating collector (disk
with 0.8 cm width, 8 cm diameter, 4000 rpm) was used to obtain randomly
oriented or aligned fibers, respectively.
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3

Electrospinning of High-Molecular-Weight PVP Fibers

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As a prototypical investigated system, poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP, molecular weight = 1300 kDa, Alfa Aesar) is used. The polymer is dissolved in a mixture of ethanol–water (17 : 3 v/v), at a concentration ranging between 11 and 21 mg mL–1. Lower concentrations do not lead to reliable electrospinning processes, whereas higher concentrations caused frequent needle clogging and discontinuous spinning operation. Electrospinning is performed by placing the solution into a syringe tipped with a 21-gauge stainless steel needle and connected to a high voltage supply (XRM30P, 82 Gamma High Voltage Research) for the application of bias values in the range 6–11 kV. A 33 Dual Syringe Pump (Harvard Apparatus Inc., Holliston, MA) is used to supply a constant flow rate of 2 mL h–1. All processes are carried out in air, with temperature and humidity values of 21–24 °C and 30–35%, respectively. A static collector consisting of a metallic plate is placed at a distance varying between 14 cm and 26 cm from the needle.
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4

Electrospinning of DCNP-Doped DNA-CTMA Fibers

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DNA (about 2000 bp, Sigma‐Aldrich) functionalized with the CTMA surfactant (Sigma‐Aldrich) and doped with DCNP (molecular structure in Figure S1 in the Supporting Information) was used. For realizing DCNP/DNA‐CTMA fibers, the DNA‐CTMA complex was dissolved in a mixture of ethanol and chloroform (3:1 v/v), with a polymer to solvent weight ratio varying in the range 2–4% (w/w), and the obtained solution was stirred for 24 h. A 1% concentration of DCNP was used in the dry mass of biopolymer. Solutions were electrospun using a syringe with stainless steel needle and a feeding rate of 0.5 mL h−1 (33 Dual Syringe Pump, Harvard Apparatus Inc.), a distance between the needle and collector surface of 20 cm, and an applied voltage of 10 kV. To generate aligned fibers, a rotating cylinder was used as collector. The morphology of the doped fibers was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Nova NanoSEM 450, FEI) with an accelerating voltage of 3 kV and an aperture size of 30 µm, following thermal deposition of 5 nm of Cr (PVD75, Kurt J. Lesker Co.). The average diameter of the fibers was calculated from the SEM micrographs using an imaging software. Atomic force microscopy on individual DCNP/DNA‐CTMA fibers was performed by a Multimode system (Veeco) equipped with a Nanoscope IIIa controller and working in tapping mode.
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