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Achieva system

Manufactured by Philips
Sourced in Netherlands

The Achieva system is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner developed by Philips. It is designed to acquire high-quality images of the human body for diagnostic and research purposes. The Achieva system utilizes powerful magnetic fields and radio waves to generate detailed images of internal structures, which can help healthcare professionals and researchers in the analysis and diagnosis of various medical conditions.

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118 protocols using achieva system

1

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Protocol

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Patients were included at two centers. The protocol and procedures comply with the Declaration of Helsinki, and were approved by the local research ethics committees. All studies were performed using 1.5 Tesla (T) Philips Achieva systems (Philips Healthcare, Best, The Netherlands). An overview of typical sequence parameters used in this study is provided in Table 1.
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2

Lower Limb MRI in Cerebral Palsy

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MRI data was acquired on 1.5T and 3.0T Achieva systems (Philips Medical Systems, Best, The Netherlands), with a quadrature body coil. MRI images of both lower limbs of all subjects were acquired with contiguous transverse slices from above the iliac crest to below the calcaneum. All subjects lay supine on the scanner bed with their feet resting against a wooden footplate giving an approximate plantarflexion angle of 25°.
Ten subjects with CP and twelve TD subjects were scanned using a 1.5T system using a three point Dixon sequence (TE/TR=4.6/13 ms, echo time shift = 1.53 ms (120 o echo phase shift), 20 o flip angle, 0.9 x 0.9 mm in-plane voxel size, number of averages = 2, 5 mm slice thickness) with a quadrature body coil. Eleven subjects with CP and eleven TD subjects were scanned in a 3.0T system using a three point mDixon sequence (TE/TR=2.11/5.2 ms, echo time shift = 0.76 ms (120 o echo phase shift), 10 o flip angle, 0.9 x 0.9 mm in-plane voxel size, number of averages = 2, 5 mm slice thickness) were acquired of both lower limbs. Analyses were performed on the left lower limb for all subjects except for one subject with CP, for whom the right lower limb was used due to missing MRI data for the left lower limb.
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3

MRI Multimodal Brain Imaging Protocol

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All participants were scanned on a 3.0-T Philips Achieva system (Philips Medical Systems, Best, the Netherlands) using a protocol including T1, T2, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), T2*, and diffusion-weighted imaging.16 (link) In this study, only T1-weighted and FLAIR images were used for radiologic assessment.
The T1-weighted images were acquired with the following parameters: 1.0-mm isotropic resolution sagittal slices, time to repeat (TR)/time to echo (TE) = 7.2/3.2, field of view (FOV) = 255 × 256 mm2, acquisition matrix = 250 × 250 mm, flip angle = 9°.
The FLAIR sequence was acquired with the following parameters: 2.0-mm isotropic resolution sagittal slices, TR/TE = 4,800/280, inversion recovery delay = 1,650 milliseconds, FOV = 250 × 250 mm2, acquisition matrix = 250 × 237 mm, flip angle = 90°.
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4

High-resolution Diffusion MRI Acquisition

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All images were collected on the same 3.0 Tesla Philips Achieva system with an eight channel head coil at CHLA. Whole-brain structural anatomical images were acquired in the sagittal plane using a T1 weighted MPRAGE scanning sequence (TE = 3.185 ms, TR = 6.8 ms, TI = 845.3 ms, Flip Angle = 8 degrees, acquisition matrix = 256×256, slice thickness = 1.2mm). DWI was acquired in the axial plane using a high-angular resolution EPI sequence (TR = 9000ms, TE = 86 ms, FOV= 240×240 mm, 60 slices, slice thickness = 2.5mm). Gradient encoding pulses were applied in 30 directions with a b-value of 1000s/mm2, 2 diffusion-weighted runs were collected with a b0 (non-diffusion weighted) image per run. One reverse encoded and five forward encoded scans were collected for calibration purposes. This diffusion-weighted protocol was used because previous research has shown that 20 or more diffusion gradient directions allow for calculating robust and reliable FA measurements (Li, Mathews et al. 2005 (link), Ni, Kavcic et al. 2006 (link)).
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5

Brain MRI Protocol for Volumetric Analysis

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All subjects underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging on a 3T Philips Achieva system (Philips, Best, The Netherlands) utilizing an 8-channel headcoil. This protocol has been described previously by our group.6 (link) Cortical grey matter volume was estimated using the Freesurfer toolkit (http://www.surfer.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu/).7 (link) In each subject, the total cortical grey matter volume was divided by total intracranial volume to normalize for inter-subject variation in skull size. White Matter Hyperintensities (WMHs) were estimated using an automated method that uses cerebellar white matter, a region relatively unaffected by age-related leukoaraiosis, as a reference marker. The details of this method are reported elsewhere.8 (link)
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6

fMRI Acquisition and Structural Analysis

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The fMRI acquisition was based on T2*-weighted echo planar (EPI GRE) images for the whole brain acquired in a 3 Tesla Philips Achieva system with an eight-channel head coil. The acquisitions parameters were: TR = 3000 ms, TE = 30 ms, 40 slices, 3 mm slice thickness, 0.3 mm slice gap, FOV = 240 mm2 and matrix 64 × 64, 3 mm3 voxels, with 94 volumes per run. Functional acquisitions were preceded by four dummy scans to ensure steady-state magnetization. A T1-weighted structural image (voxel size: 1 mm3) was acquired before the functional sessions for coregistration with the fMRI data and to exclude brain pathology. In particular, white matter lesions were analyzed according to the Fazekas Score (Fazekas et al., 1987 (link)).
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7

In Vivo Phosphorus MRS Protocol

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This study was approved by the Medical School Ethics Committee of the University of Nottingham and each subject gave informed consent. The study was performed on a 3 T Philips Achieva system (Philips Medical Systems, Best, Netherlands) using a 31P transmit-receive 14 cm diameter loop coil (P-140). A 1H image localiser was acquired at the start of each experiment and the 31P coil was tuned and matched before 31P MRS acquisition. Shimming was performed using the Philips Pencil Beam (PB) method, which is based on the FASTMAP method (23 (link)).
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8

Multimodal Brain Imaging Protocol for Longitudinal Study

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All subjects underwent a weekly examination for a period of two months (8 time-points from W1 to W8). MRI protocol included a DTI and a FLAIR acquisition, that were performed on a 3T Philips Achieva system (Philips Healthcare, Best, The Netherlands) with a 16-channels head-coil. The DTI image set consisted in the acquisition of 60 contiguous 2mm-thick slices parallel to the bi-commissural plane (AC-PC), and were acquired using a 2D Echo-Planar Imaging (EPI) sequence (TE/TR = 60/8210 ms, FOV = 224x224x120 mm) with 32 gradient directions (b = 1000 s.mm-2). The nominal voxel size at acquisition (2x2x2 mm) was interpolated to 0.875x0.875x2 mm after reconstruction. The FLAIR Vista 3D sequence (TE/TR/TI = 356/8000/2400 ms, FOV = 180x250x250 mm) consisted in the acquisition of 576 slices of 0.43 mm thickness oriented in the AC-PC axis with a nominal voxel size of 0.6x0.43x0.43 mm.
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9

3T Brain MRI Acquisition Protocol

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All subjects underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging on a 3 Tesla Achieva system (Philips, Best, The Netherlands) utilizing a 15 channel head coil. A standard T1 weighted series of a 3D inversion recovery prepared turbo-field echo was performed in the sagittal plane using TR/TE/TI=9.8/4.6/1041 ms; turbo factor=200; single average; FOV=240 × 200 × 160 mm; acquired Matrix =240 × 200. One hundred and sixty slices were reconstructed to 1 mm isotropic resolution.
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10

Cardiac MRI Protocol for Ventricular Function

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CMR was performed on a dedicated cardiovascular 3 Tesla Philips Achieva system equipped with a 32 channel coil and MultiTransmit® technology. Data was acquired during breath-holding at end expiration. From scout CMR images, the left ventricular long and short axes were determined.
Cine images covering the entire heart in the LV short axis plane were acquired (balanced steady state free precession (SSFP), spatial resolution 1.2×1.2×10mm3, 30 cardiac phases TR/TE 2.6/1.3 ms, flip angle 40°, field of view 300–420 mm, typical temporal resolution 39 ms) and in orthogonal long-axis planes. Then axial cine images planned to cover the right ventricle were acquired (balanced SSFP, spatial resolution 1.2 × 1.2 × 6 mm3, 30 cardiac phases TR/TE 2.6/1.3 ms, flip angle 40°, field of view 300–420 mm).
Tissue tagging by spatial modulation of magnetization (SPAMM) (spatial resolution 1.51 × 1.57 × 10 mm3, tag separation 7 mm, ≥18 phases, typical TR/TE 5.8/3.5 ms, flip angle 10°, typical temporal resolution 55 ms) was acquired in the three short axis slices acquired at the apex, mid-ventricle, and base. Slices were positioned using the highly reproducible “3 of 5 technique” [17 (link)].
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