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6 protocols using relative expression software tool

1

Quantifying Expression of Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis Genes

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Based on results of MTT assay, after treating the test cells with the combination of 20 nM EE and 90 nM LNG, and control cells with the normal medium for 48h, the total RNA was isolated using RNeasy Mini, RNA isolation kit (Qiagen, Germany) according to manufacturer’s instructions. RNA concentration was measured by Nanodrop 2000c spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific, USA), and cDNA were synthesized by cDNA Synthesis Kit (Bio FACT, Daejeon, South Korea). The changes in mRNA expression of MKI67, BAX, Bcl2 genes and Beta-2-microglobulin (β2M), as internal control, were estimated by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) in a rotor gene 6000 Corbett (Corbett Research, Sydney, Australia) detection system SYBR GREEN® (nonspecific DNA-binding factors). The primer sequences are provided in Table-1. Alterations of gene expression of KI67, BAX, and Bcl2 compared with β2M were normalized by LinReg software (Linreg version 2012.1, Amsterdam, the Netherlands). Expression levels of the mentioned gens were quantified by REST program (Relative Expression Software Tool, Qiagen, Germany).
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2

Optimized qRT-PCR Analysis Protocol

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For qRT-PCR analysis, cDNA was synthesized using SuperScript (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) with oligo(dT)s, using 500 ng of total RNA for each sample. Three biological replicates and three technical replicates were used for each time point validation (nine replicates in total). Primers were designed based on SAS sequences using the Primer Express 2.0 (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) software, and only primers with an amplification efficiency between 90 and 110% were used (Supplementary Table S14). Reaction mixtures consisted of 5 μL of 1.5 μM primer mix, 1 μL of cDNA (diluted 1:10) and 6 μL of Fast SYBR Green Master Mix (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). Reactions were performed on 7500 Fast Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). For primer SCSGLR1045D05.g, primer concentration was reduced to 312.5 nM. Expression ratio was estimated using REST 2009 (Relative Expression Software Tool, Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) as described in [107 (link)]. The endogenous genes for each tissue were identified using the geNorm software [108 (link)] (Supplementary Table S15).
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3

Quantifying Cotton Fiber Gene Expression

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RNA was extracted from cotton fiber using the method reported by Iqbal et al.18 and reverse transcribed chemically into cDNA using cDNA Synthesis Kit (Fermentas, cat#1622). Expression analysis of the GhACTIN1 gene at the mRNA level was done through quantitative real-time PCR in transgenic and non-transgenic control cotton fiber. The relative quantification of gene expression was done using (BIO-RAD) iQ5 Cycler. Data normalization was done using GAPDH as internal control and non-transgenic/wild-type cotton plants as negative control. All samples were analyzed in triplicate with the primers: Act-F 5’-GGCAGATGGTGAGGCTATTC-3’ & Act-R 5’-CTTGCTTTGGGCTTCATCTC-3’. After completing Rt-qPCR, the analyses for relative gene expression were performed by Qiagen tool, Relative Expression Software Tool REST abbreviated as REST (http://rest.gene-quantification.info/) and ANOVA (Analysis of variance) was performed to compare the transgenic and non-transgenic control cotton plants for expression of the transgene.
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4

Quantitative Real-Time PCR for TRAF3IP2 and TGF-β1

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Total RNA was prepared from cultured cells using TriZol reagent (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer’s instruction [24 (link)]. Total RNA was reverse transcribed with random primers and oligo dT (18 mers) (Agilent Technologies). The quantitative real-time PCR reactions were performed by SYBR Green qPCR Master Mix (MedChemExpress, China) on a Rotor-GeneTM 3000 real-time PCR machine (Microspeed Biotechnology, Shanghai, China). The specific primers forTRAF3IP2 mRNA and TGF-β1 mRNA were as follows: TRAF3IP2, 5′-TGGCACCCAACAGCTTGTC-3′ (forward) and 5′-GATACAGGCCGCTGGTGATTT-3′ (reverse); TGF-β1, 5′-GGCGATACCTCAGCA ACCG-3 (forward) and 5′-CTA AGG CGA AAG CCC TCA AT-3′ (reverse). The initial denaturation was performed for 5 min at 95°C following 50 cycles of denaturation for 10 s at 95°C. Eventually, the extension was performed at 73°C for 20 s under primer-specific conditions. Comparative quantitation was performed in selected groups using the Relative Expression Software Tool (Relative Expression Software Tool, Qiagen), which is based on the Pair Wise Fixed Reallocation Randomization Test©.
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5

Statistical Analysis of Experimental Groups

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The groups were compared by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a specific post hoc test. Statistical analysis was performed using Relative Expression Software Tool 2009 (Relative Expression Software Tool, Qiagen, Hilden, Germany), which is based on the Pair Wise Fixed Reallocation Randomization Test© (Pfaffl et al., 2002). Differences were considered statistically significant for *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001.
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6

Dietary Effects on Lipid Metabolism

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All the data were presented as means with their standard errors.
Percentage data for survival rate, total lipid content and fatty acid composition were all arcsin-transformed before statistical analysis. Data were tested for normality and homogeneity of the variances with Levene's test. Normal distribution data were analysed by one-way ANOVA followed, when appropriate, by a Tukey's comparison of means test. Two-way ANOVA was used to determine the interaction between dietary treatments and sampling point (weight). Significant differences were accepted at P ≤ 0•05. All statistical analyses were performed using Minitab (version 16.1; Minitab Inc.). Gene expression results were analysed using the relative expression software tool (Qiagen, http://rest.gene-quantification.info/) with efficiency correction (42) to determine the statistical significance of expression ratios (gene expression fold changes) between the three treatments.
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