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Dynamx

Manufactured by Waters Corporation

The DynamX is a versatile laboratory equipment designed for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) applications. It offers precise separation, detection, and data analysis capabilities for a wide range of analytical tasks.

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9 protocols using dynamx

1

Protein Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry

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H‐D exchange experiments were conducted with a Waters Synapt G2S system. Total volume of 5 μl samples containing 10 μM protein in gel filtration buffer were mixed with 55 μl of the same buffer made with D2O for several deuteration times (0 s, 1 min, 2 min, 5 min, 10 min) at 15°C. The exchange was quenched for 2 min at 1°C with an equal volume of quench buffer (3 M guanidine HCl, 0.1% formic acid). Proteins were cleaved with pepsin and separated by reverse‐phase chromatography, then directed into a Waters SYNAPT G2s quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer. Peptides were identified using PLGS version 2.5 (Waters, Inc.), deuterium uptake was calculated using DynamX version 2.0 (Waters Corp.), and uptake was corrected for back‐exchange using DECA.53 Uptake plots were generated in Prism version 8.
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2

HDX-MS Analysis of Fts Proteins

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Peptide peak assignment was performed by the ProteinLynx Global Server (PLGS, version 3.0.2, Waters) with the primary sequence of the target proteins. Only the peptide that matched the following criteria were processed: PLGS score >6, precursor ion (MH+) mass error <10 ppm, and the number of product ions per amino acid >0.33. The HDX-MS data of the free and complexed Fts-proteins were processed by the DynamX (Version 3.0.0, Waters) software, and the results were manually inspected. An E coli proteome (GCF_012978145.1) database was used to validate the peptide assignment. The reference mass of each peptide was generated by the same HDX-MS procedure while replacing all the D2O with deionized water. There is no bimodal distribution in the analyzed peptides. The average deviation of the deuterium uptake was below 0.1 Da. Back exchange level was estimated to be an average rate of 50% by analyzing fully deuterated peptides and was not corrected when carrying out comparisons of deuterium uptake.
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3

Δ16-TBEVC Peptide Identification

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To identify Δ16-TBEVC peptides obtained from nondeuterated samples and assign their mass in labeled samples, the ProteinLynx Global SERVER (PLGS; Waters; version 3.0.2)/DynamX (Waters; version 3.0) workflow was performed. PLGS processing parameters for MS/MS data were used as follows: chromatographic peak width—automatic; MS TOF resolution—automatic; lock mass for charge 1 to 556.2771 Da/e; lock mass window—0.25 Da; low energy threshold—135.0 counts; elevated energy threshold–30.0 counts; intensity threshold—750.0 counts, and PLGS workflow parameters were used as follows: searching against fasta file containing normal and reverse sequences of Δ16-TBEVC, Nepenthesine-II (UniProt code: Q766C2), and standard contaminants; peptide tolerance and fragment tolerance—automatic; minimum fragment ion matches per peptide—three; minimum fragment ion matches per protein—seven; minimum peptide matches per protein—one; primary digest reagent—nonspecific; number of missed cleavages—one; fixed modifier reagent—12C d0 C; oxidation of methionines as a variable modifier reagent; FDR of four; monoisotopic mass of peptides with charge 1+; and instrument type ESI-QUAD-TOF.
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4

Peptic Peptide Identification and HDX-MS

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Peptic peptides in non-deuterated samples were identified with ProteinLynx Global Server 2.4 (Waters, Milford, MA). Searches were run with variable methionine oxidation modification. To process HDX-MS data, the amount of deuterium in each peptide was determined by measuring the centroid of the isotopic distribution using software, DynamX (Waters, Milford, MA). The EX1 kinetics was determined by visually inspecting the presence of two isotopic distributions. All experiments were conducted in more than triplicate.
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5

Mass Spectrometry-Based Deuterium Uptake Analysis

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Mass spectra of the exchange experiments were loaded in DynamX (version 2.0, Waters). The deuterium uptake of individual peptides over time was calculated based on the assigned centroid m/z value of the isotopic cluster envelopes. Deuterium uptake values of individual peptides were normalized to respective experimental values obtained from the analysis of full deuteration controls divided by the deuterium fraction (0.909) in the solvent during the exchange and the theoretical maximum number of exchangeable amides (24 (link)). HX data were fitted in stretched exponential curves using the same stretching factor (β, 0.8 ± 0.03) as calculated for predicted reference curves for the case of no protection (21 (link), 25 (link)). Structural protection of peptides was quantified through the calculation of protection factors (21 (link)).
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6

Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry

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H-D exchange experiments were conducted with a Waters Synapt G2S system. 5 μL samples containing 10 μM protein in gel filtration buffer were mixed with 55 μL of the same buffer made with D2O for several deuteration times (0 sec, 1 min, 2 min, 5 min, 10 min) at 15°C. The exchange was quenched for 2 min at 1°C with an equal volume of quench buffer (3M guanidine HCl, 0.1% formic acid). Proteins were cleaved with pepsin and separated by reverse-phase chromatography, then directed into a Waters SYNAPT G2s quadrupole time-of-flight (qTOF) mass spectrometer. Peptides were identified using PLGS version 2.5 (Waters, Inc.), deuterium uptake was calculated using DynamX version 2.0 (Waters Corp.), and uptake was corrected for back-exchange using DECA51 (link). Uptake plots were generated in Prism version 8.
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7

HDX-MS Analysis of Chl1 Protein

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HDX-MS was performed using a Waters HDX manager. Samples were prepared by 10-fold dilutions from 5 μM Chl1 protein in deuterated or nondeuterated buffer containing 150 mM NaCl, 50 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 0.5 mM TCEP. The pH of the sample was reduced to 2.3 and an in-line pepsin-immobilized column at 20°C was used for protein digestion. For labelling experiments, apo protein was incubated for 10 s, 100 s, and 1000 s at room temperature. All HDX-MS experiments were performed in triplicate. Sequence coverage and deuterium uptake were analysed by using ProteinLynx Global Server (Waters) and DynamX (Waters) programs, respectively. For mass correction, Leucine enkephalin at a continuous flow rate of 5 μl min−1 was sprayed. All sample preparation and sample loading performed manually.
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8

Targeted ETD Analysis of HDX-Protected Peptides

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Peptides that showed protection upon compound binding from HDX-MS experiments were subjected to ETD applying a targeted approach. Using an exact mass retention time window, peptides with a charge state of +3 and above were selected for fragmentation by ETD. ETD fragment data were analysed initially using DynamX (Waters), followed by visualisation using Prism 6 (Graphpad) and Pymol.
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9

Targeted ETD Analysis of HDX-Protected Peptides

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Peptides that showed protection upon compound binding from HDX-MS experiments were subjected to ETD applying a targeted approach. Using an exact mass retention time window, peptides with a charge state of +3 and above were selected for fragmentation by ETD. ETD fragment data were analysed initially using DynamX (Waters), followed by visualisation using Prism 6 (Graphpad) and Pymol.
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