D0819

Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM, D0819, Sigma); Trypsin-EDTA (BE-17-161E, Lonza); Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS, Ca²⁺and Mg²⁺ free, D8537, Sigma-Aldrich); Fetal bovine serum (FBS, F7524, Sigma); Collagen type I, rat tail (08–115; Millipore); Matrigel Growth factor reduced (356,231, Coring); Agar (A1296, Sigma-Aldrich); Sodium bicarbonate (11810–017, Life technologies).

Normal human mast cell line HMC-1 (JCRB0166, BioVector NTCC, Beijing, China) was cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM; D0819, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) containing 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS; C0227, Beyotime, Shanghai, China) at 37 °C with 5% CO₂.

Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y was kindly provided by Ms Yilan Zhen and Dr. Kaylene Young (Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Australia). Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells HT-29 were kindly provided by Dr. Anthony Baker (Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania and School of Land and Food, Australia). Both cell lines were routinely maintained in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM, D0819, Sigma-Aldrich, Sydney, Australia) supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS, Bovogen Biologicals, Melbourne, Australia), and 100 U/mL penicillin and 100 mg/mL streptomycin solution in a humidified incubator (5% CO₂, 37 °C). SH-SY5Y cells were routinely subcultured at a ratio of 1:30–1:50, and medium changeover occurred approximately every 5 d. HT-29 cells were routinely subcultured at a ratio of 1:3–1:8, and medium changeover occurred approximately every 4 d.

IHH (kindly provided by T. Brunner, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany) were cultured in IMDM (Sigma Aldrich I3390, Buchs, Switzerland), supplemented with 10% FCS, 10⁵ IU/L penicillin-G and 100 mg/L streptomycin and GlutaMAX™ Supplement (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basel, CH). BNL 1ME A.7R.1 (ATCC^® TIB-75™) cells (kind gift of N. Corazza, Bern, Switzerland) were cultured in DMEM (D0819, Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland), supplemented with 10% FCS, 10⁵ IU/L penicillin-G and 100 mg/L streptomycin and 1 mM sodium pyruvate solution (S8636, Sigma Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland). HepaRG cells (kindly provided by M. Haschke, Bern, Switzerland) were cultured in William’s E medium (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basel, Switzerland), supplemented with 10% FCS, 10⁵ IU/L penicillin-G and 100 mg/L streptomycin, GlutaMAX™ Supplement, 5 µg/mL bovine insulin (I0516) and 50 µM hydrocortisone hemisuccinate (H2270, Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland).
Primary hepatocytes were isolated as described elsewhere [37 (link)] and cultured in collagen-coated flasks in William’s medium E supplemented with 10% FCS, 100 nM dexamethasone (D4902, Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland), GlutaMAX™ Supplement and 10⁵ IU/L penicillin-G and 100 mg/L streptomycin. All cells were kept in a humidified incubator at 37 °C and 5% CO₂.

HEp-2 cells (ATCC: CCL-23, 1994) and HeLa (Institute Curie, Paris, France, 2002) were grown in a humidified 5% CO₂ atmosphere at 37 °C and maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium with high glucose (DMEM; D0819, Sigma-Aldrich) supplemented with 10% FBS and 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 U/ml streptomycin. Cells were seeded at concentrations of 5 × 10⁴ cells/well in 4 or 24 well plates of type Nunc by ThermoFisher Scientific or Falcon by BD Biosciences (Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA), 3 × 10⁴ cells/well in Nunc Lab-Tek II chambered coverglass dishes (ThermoFisher Scientific) or 1 × 10⁵ cells/well in 35 mm MatTek glass bottom dishes (MatTek Corporation, Ashland, MA, USA) one day prior to experiments. The growth medium was changed to serum-free HEPES-buffered cell growth medium supplemented with Glutamax (cat. no. 35050-061, ThermoFisher Scientific) at the beginning of the experiments, unless stated otherwise.