All the chemicals and reagents involved in the extraction processes, total polyphenolic content, antioxidant activity experiments and the chemical standards (1-hexanol, 2-Thujene, 3-octanone, 5-Amino-1-ethylprazole, Allylbenzene, Camphene, Caryophyllene oxide, Decanoic acid, Docosane, Germacrene D, Hexadecane, HexaDecanoic acid, Lavandulol, Limonene, Linalool, Linalool acetate, Nerol, Nerolidol, Ninanal, TetraDecanoic acid, Tricosane, α-Copaene, α-Humulene, α-Ter-pinene, β-Bourbonene, β-Caryophyllene, β-Copaene, β-Cubenene, β-Farnesene, β-Gurjunene, β-Myrcene, β-Pinene) used in the identification of phenolic and aromatic compounds from the extracts were acquired from Sigma Aldrich Company (St. Louis, MO, USA).
Docosane
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
Docosane is a saturated hydrocarbon compound with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)20CH3. It is a colorless, waxy solid at room temperature. Docosane is commonly used in various laboratory applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Oleic acid, by Merck Group (5 mentions)
Tetracosane, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Eicosane, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
1 octadecene, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Tricosane, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Hexadecane, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Octadecene, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Iron oleate, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Chloroform, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Caryophyllene oxide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Decanoic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Lavandulol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Nerol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Nerolidol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Linalool, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
α humulene, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
β myrcene, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Tetradecanoic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Hexadecanoic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Germacrene d, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
13 protocols using docosane
1
Comprehensive Phytochemical Profiling of Extracts
2
Neopentyl Glycol and Docosane Thermal Properties
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Neopentyl Glycol (NPG) and Docosane at high purity grades (99%) were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich and used as received, the main properties of both materials are shown in Table 1 , where Tt is the transition temperature, ∆H its related enthalpy change and ρ and k the density and thermal conductivity, respectively.
NPG is one of the molecules known as plastic crystal (2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol) with a solid-solid phase change from an ordered low-temperature monoclinic phase (phase II) to an orientationally disordered Face Centered Cubic (FCC) phase (phase I) [22 (link)]. Highly conductive expanded graphite powder has been supplied by the company SGL Carbon SE. SIGRATHERM® GFG75 was the selected EG, with an average particle size D50 of 75 μm and a powder density of 0.120 g/cm3.
NPG is one of the molecules known as plastic crystal (2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol) with a solid-solid phase change from an ordered low-temperature monoclinic phase (phase II) to an orientationally disordered Face Centered Cubic (FCC) phase (phase I) [22 (link)]. Highly conductive expanded graphite powder has been supplied by the company SGL Carbon SE. SIGRATHERM® GFG75 was the selected EG, with an average particle size D50 of 75 μm and a powder density of 0.120 g/cm3.
3
Alkane Compounds Acquisition and Characterization
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Heptane (99%), nonane (99%), undecane (≥99%), dodecane (99%), tridecane (≥99%), tetradecane (≥99%), pentadecane (≥99%), hexadecane, heptadecane (99%), octadecane (99%), nonadecane (99%), eicosane (99%), heneicosane (≥99.5%), docosane (99%), tricosane (99%), tetracosane (99%), pentacosane (99%), hexacosane (99%), octacosane (99%), and triacontane (99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany). Octane (98%) and decane (≥99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Acetone and hexane were of HPLC grade and purchased from Elite Advanced Materials Sdn. Bhd. (Selangor, Malaysia). Ultrapure water (18.2 MΩ cm−1) was purified by a Millipore Milli-Q system (Bedford, MA, USA).
4
Cell Cytotoxicity Assay with Alkanes
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Eicosane, docosane, dotriacontane, tritetracontane, heptacosane, and tetracosane were purchased from Sigma, Missouri, USA. Trypan blue solution was purchased from Glibco (Waltham, MA, USA). Cell cytotoxicity assay kit was purchased from Dojindo Molecular Technologies, INC (CK04: Cell Counting Kit-8, Tokyo, Japan). Antibodies used in the immunoblotting study includes Anti-RSV-G (Abcam, #ab94966, Cambridge, UK), β-actin (Santa Cruz, SC 4777, Dallas, TX, USA), horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG (Cell signaling technology, 7074P2, Danvers, MA, USA), HRP-conjugated anti-mouse IgG (Gene Tex, GTX213111-01, Taichung, Taiwan).
5
Thermal Decomposition Synthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles
6
Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
7
Microheater Fabrication with Docosane PCM
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Heating coils were prepared by winding fine insulated nichrome wire (California Fine Wire, Model Stableohm 800 A, 12.5 μm diameter conductor, 17.5 μm diameter with insulation) around a 75 μm diameter tungsten wire core (California Fine Wire). The final microheater had ~45 turns, as shown in Figure 1C , and had a typical resistance of 125 Ω for a tetrode microgripper. Docosane (Sigma-Aldrich, item 134457) was chosen as the PCM due to its non-toxicity and sharp, low melting temperature (~42℃), which is still above animal body temperature (Balaban et al., 2005 (link)).
8
Synthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles
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Iron(III)
chloride hexahydrate (Sigma-Aldrich,
97%), zinc chloride (Sigma-Aldrich, 98%), hexane (VWR analytical),
sodium oleate (TCI, >97%), ethanol (Pharmco-Aaper, 200 proof),
eicosane
(Sigma-Aldrich, 99%), and docosane (Sigma-Aldrich, 99%) were used
as received.
chloride hexahydrate (Sigma-Aldrich,
97%), zinc chloride (Sigma-Aldrich, 98%), hexane (VWR analytical),
sodium oleate (TCI, >97%), ethanol (Pharmco-Aaper, 200 proof),
eicosane
(Sigma-Aldrich, 99%), and docosane (Sigma-Aldrich, 99%) were used
as received.
9
Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
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Iron(iii ) acetylacetonate (>98% pure) was purchased from TCI America (Portland, OR). Oleic acid (90% technical grade), docosane (90% pure), 1-octadecene (90% technical grade), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), and potassium nitrate (>99%, ACS reagent) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Toluene (>99.5%, ACS reagent), ethanol (200 proof), acetone (certified ACS), hydrochloric acid (37% w/v), nitric acid (Certified ACS Plus), hafnium(iv ) tetrachloride (99.9%), trifluoroacetic acid (reagent grade), tetrahydrofuran (THF, 99.8%, HPLC grade, unstabilized), MilliporeSigma™ Amicon™ Ultra Centrifugal Filter Units (100 kDa), and potassium hydroxide (85%, ACS reagent) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA). Magnetic columns were purchased from Miltenyi Biotec (Germany). Ferucarbotran was purchased from Meito Sangyo Co., Ltd (Japan). Copper TEM grids (carbon film only, 200 mesh) was purchased from TED PELLA, INC (Redding, CA). Polylactic acid-b-polyethylene glycol (PLA-b-PEG, 6 kDa PLA, 4.9 kDa PEG) was purchased from Evonik Industries (Essen, Germany). Poly(d ,l -lactide) (PLA, 10.3 kDa) was purchased from Polymer Source (Quebec, Canada). Omnipaque Contrast Solution (240 mg ml−1), manufactured by GE Healthcare (Boston, MA) was purchased from Patterson Veterinary Supply (Devens, MA).
10
Extraction and Analysis of Fruit Compounds
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The fruits were washed with reverse-osmosis-treated water and dried. They were then immersed in chloroform (VWR, Normapur) for 30 s under agitation. The extract was filtered through a paper filter and then divided into aliquots for analysis of secondary compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and analysis of lipids by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (in 2012), or used only for HPLC analyses (in 2015).
For HPLC, 10 µg taxifolin (Extrasynthèse Genay, France, prepared in methanol) was added to the aliquot as an internal standard. The extract was concentrated in a rotary evaporator nearly to dryness, and the last millilitre was evaporated under an argon atmosphere to obtain a dry residue, which was solubilized in 1 ml methanol (VWR Hypersolv Chromanorm) and then filtered on a 0.45 µm polytetrafluoroethylene membrane and stored at 4 °C until analysis. Special attention was paid to the verification of any precipitation in the vial.
For the GC-MS analysis, 10 µg docosane (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint-Quentin Fallavier, France, prepared in chloroform) was added to the aliquot as an internal standard, and the same procedure as described above was followed for concentration. The dry residue was weighed and stored at 4 °C until analysis.
For HPLC, 10 µg taxifolin (Extrasynthèse Genay, France, prepared in methanol) was added to the aliquot as an internal standard. The extract was concentrated in a rotary evaporator nearly to dryness, and the last millilitre was evaporated under an argon atmosphere to obtain a dry residue, which was solubilized in 1 ml methanol (VWR Hypersolv Chromanorm) and then filtered on a 0.45 µm polytetrafluoroethylene membrane and stored at 4 °C until analysis. Special attention was paid to the verification of any precipitation in the vial.
For the GC-MS analysis, 10 µg docosane (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint-Quentin Fallavier, France, prepared in chloroform) was added to the aliquot as an internal standard, and the same procedure as described above was followed for concentration. The dry residue was weighed and stored at 4 °C until analysis.
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