Phytagel agar

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in China

Phytagel agar is a solidifying agent used in the preparation of culture media for various microbiological and plant tissue culture applications. It is derived from the bacterium Pseudomonas elodea and functions as a gelling agent, providing a semi-solid substrate for the growth and maintenance of microbial and plant cell cultures.

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Phytagel (237 citations)

4 protocols using phytagel agar

Arabidopsis Stress Sensitivity Assays

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Seeds were sterilized in a solution containing 20% sodium hypochlorite and 0.1% Triton X-100 for 10 min, washed five times with sterilized water, and sown on MS medium (containing 2.5% sucrose) with 0.3% phytagel agar (Sigma-Aldrich, https://www.sig maaldrich.com). Plates were kept at 4°C for 2 days, and then seeds were germinated and grown with constant illumination (Philips, https://www.philips.com/global) at 23°C. For the salt-sensitivity assay, Arabidopsis wild-type, mutant or related transgenic plants were germinated and grown on MS medium without or with 125 mM NaCl. Mature seeds were also germinated and grown on MS medium containing 125 mM NaCl with different of SHAM or DMTU. Photographs were taken, and the cotyledon greening rate was determined at indicated time points by scoring green cotyledons in approximately 30 seedlings for each experiment from three independent experiments (n = 3). Alternatively, 5day-old seedlings of Col-0, myb30-2, COM #1 and mCOM #2 were transferred to MS and MS supplemented 175 mM NaCl or 10 lM ABA for further growth observation. Survival rate and/or root length were then determined. For oxidative stress sensitivity analysis, Arabidopsis seeds were germinated and grown on MS medium without or with 0.02 or 0.05 lM MV. Photographs were taken and the cotyledon greening rate was scored at the indicated time points.

Gong Q., Li S., Zheng Y., Duan H., Xiao F., Zhuang Y., He J., Wu G., Zhao S., Zhou H, & Lin H. (2020). SUMOylation of MYB30 enhances salt tolerance by elevating alternative respiration via transcriptionally upregulating AOX1a in Arabidopsis. The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology, 102(6).

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Evaluating CrarsM Expression on As Tolerance in Arabidopsis

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To test if the expression of CrarsM affects As tolerance in A. thaliana, seeds of transgenic and WT plants were surface sterilized with 8% NaClO for 10 min, washed three times with sterilized deionized water, and sown on ½ strength Murashige and Skoog (MS, HaiBo, China) medium solidified with 1% phytagel agar (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) with As(III) (NaAsO₂) concentrations of 0, 10, 20, and 30 μM (pH adjusted to 5.6 with 1 M KOH) in Petri plates. Each As concentration was replicated in four plates. Seeds on plates were stratified at 4 °C for 3 days to facilitate uniform germination. Seedlings were grown vertically on the plates in a 16/8 h day/night photoperiod at 22–25 °C for 20 days before root length and shoot biomass were measured.

Tang Z., Lv Y., Chen F., Zhang W., Rosen B.P, & Zhao F.J. (2016). Arsenic Methylation in Arabidopsis thaliana Expressing an Algal Arsenite Methyltransferase Gene Increases Arsenic Phytotoxicity. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 64(13), 2674-2681.

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Arabidopsis Seedling Growth Assay

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Seeds of wild‐type Arabidopsis, transgenic plants, and mutants were sterilized in a solution containing 20% sodium hypochlorite and 0.1% Triton X‐100 for 10 min, washed five times with sterile water, and sown on half Murashige and Skoog (1/2 MS) medium with 0.3 or 0.5% Phytagel agar (Sigma‐Aldrich). The background concentration of Na⁺ in 0.3% phytagel was determined to be 0.345 mM. Plates were kept at 4°C for 2 days, and then seeds were germinated vertically under constant illumination at 23°C. Six‐day‐old seedlings were transferred onto 1/2 MS medium with supplemented salt as described. After the indicated times of growth, seedlings were photographed and primary root length and fresh weight were measured and quantified.

Chen C., He G., Li J., Perez‐Hormaeche J., Becker T., Luo M., Wallrad L., Gao J., Li J., Pardo J.M., Kudla J, & Guo Y. (2023). A salt stress‐activated GSO1‐SOS2‐SOS1 module protects the Arabidopsis root stem cell niche by enhancing sodium ion extrusion. The EMBO Journal, 42(13), e113004.

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Arabidopsis Salinity Stress Assay

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T-DNA insertion lines, atann4-1 (salk_019725) and atann4-2 (salk_096465) were obtained from Arabidopsis Biological Resource Center (http://www.arabidopsis.org/abrc/) and identified by the AtANN4 specific primers and T-DNA left board primers. The sos2 and scabp8 mutants have been reported previously (Quan et al., 2007) . The seeds of wild type, transgenic lines or related mutants were sown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium at pH 5.8 solidified with 0.3% or 0.6% Phytagel agar (Sigma-Aldrich) under continual illumination (120 umol m-2 s-1) at 22 C unless specifically indicated. For salt germination analysis, sterilized seeds were sown on MS medium or MS medium containing indicated concentration of NaCl at pH 5.8 with 0.3% Phytagel agar. Germination was scored after 5-7 d and the germination rate was determined as a percentage of total number of seeds plated. To determine salt sensitivity in soil, the 10-d-old seedlings of Col-0, indicated mutants and transgenic plants were grown in growth chambers under short-day conditions (12-h-light/12-h-dark photoperiod) for 2.5 weeks. Subsequently, the soil was irrigated with 300 mM NaCl for four times every 4 d, plants were grown for an additional 1.5-2 weeks and photographed.

Ma L., Ye J., Yang Y., Lin H., Yue L., Luo J., Long Y., Fu H., Liu X., Zhang Y., Wang Y., Chen L., Kudla J., Wang Y., Han S., Song C.P, & Guo Y. (2019). The SOS2-SCaBP8 Complex Generates and Fine-Tunes an AtANN4-Dependent Calcium Signature under Salt Stress. Developmental cell, 48(5).

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