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99 protocols using 3t trio

1

Brain Imaging Protocols for Cognitive Tasks

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Sessions for the naming task were conducted on a Siemens 3T Trio. Sequences included a high-resolution T1-weighted scan (repetition time [TR] 1900, echo time [TE] 2.52, 176 0.9-mm sagittal slices, field of view [FOV] 240, matrix 256 × 256, fractional anisotropy [FA] 9°), a T2-weighted scan (TR 3,200, TE 45, 176 1.25-mm sagittal slices, FOV 240, matrix 192 × 192, FA 120°), and the blood oxygenation level–dependent (BOLD) T2*-weighted scan (TR 2,500, TE 30, 47 3.2-mm axial slices, FOV 204, matrix 64 × 64, FA 90°) consisting of 168 volumes and lasting 6:00.
Sessions for the semantic decision task were conducted on a Siemens 3T Trio. Sequences included a high-resolution T1-weighted scan (TR 1900, TE 2.98, 176 1-mm sagittal slices, FOV 256, matrix 256 × 256, FA 9°, SMS 4), a T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) scan (TR 5,000, TE 38.2, 192 1-mm sagittal slices, FOV 256, matrix 256 × 256, FA 120°), and a BOLD T2*-weighted scan (TR 794 ms, 48 2.6-mm slices with 10% gap, 2.9 mm voxels, FOV 211 mm, matrix 74 × 74, FA 50°, SMS 4) consisting of 504 volumes lasting 6:40.
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2

Functional Neuroimaging of Perilesional Activity in Aphasia

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Sessions for the naming task were conducted on a Siemens 3T Trio. Sequences included a high-resolution T1-weighted scan (TR = 1900, TE = 2.52, 176 0.9mm sagittal slices, FOV = 240, matrix = 256x256, FA = 9°), a T2-weighted scan (TR = 3200, TE = 45, 176 1.25mm sagittal slices, FOV = 240, matrix = 192x192, FA = 120°), and the BOLD T2*-weighted scan (TR = 2500, TE = 30, 47 3.2mm axial slices, FOV = 204, matrix = 64x64, FA = 90°) consisting of 168 volumes and lasting 6:00.
Running Head: PERILESIONAL ACTIVITY IN APHASIA 5 Sessions for the semantic decision task were conducted on a Siemens 3T Trio. Sequences included a highresolution T1-weighted scan (TR = 1900, TE = 2.98, 176 1mm sagittal slices, FOV = 256, matrix = 256x256, FA = 9°, SMS = 4), a T2-weighted FLAIR scan (TR = 5000, TE = 38.2, 192 1mm sagittal slices, FOV = 256, matrix = 256x256, FA = 120°), and a BOLD T2*-weighted scan (TR = 794ms, 48 2.6mm slices with 10% gap, 2.9mm voxels, FOV = 211mm, matrix = 74x74, FA = 50°, SMS = 4) consisting of 504 volumes lasting 6:40.
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3

Diffusion Tensor Imaging Protocol

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Imaging was performed on three generations of 3T Siemens scanners: Allegro 3T with a 6-channel headcoil, Trio 3T with a 12 channel headcoil, and Trio 3T with a 32 channel headcoil. The DTI data acquisition and preprocessing are fully described (Kochunov et al 2016b (link)). All data passed QA control of <3 mm accumulated motion during the scan. There was no significant difference in the head motion parameters between patient and controls. The HARDI data was processed using a tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) method, distributed as a part of FMRIB Software Library (FSL) package (Smith et al 2006 (link)). The population-based DTI cerebral WM tract atlas developed at John Hopkins University and distributed with the FSL package (Wakana et al 2004 (link)) was used to calculate average FA values along the spatial course of major WM tracts as described elsewhere (Kochunov et al 2011a (link), Kochunov et al 2011b (link), Kochunov et al 2012 (link)). Whole brain averaged FA was the primary measure. The DTI association analysis included 313 subjects (96 SSD, 199 controls and 18 with affective disorders with psychotic features). For the rs8234 fractional anisotropy association analysis, two subjects were excluded for missing genotype data.
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MRI Acquisition Parameters for Resting-State and Structural Brain Imaging

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All of the MR images were collected on a Siemens 3T Trio scanner (Siemens Medical, Erlangen, Germany). High-resolution T1-weighted structure images were acquired using a MPRAGE sequence: TR/TE/TI = 1900/2.52/900 ms, FA = 9°, resolution matrix = 256 × 256, slices = 176, thickness = 1.0 mm, and voxel size = 1 mm3 × 1 mm3 × 1 mm3. Resting-state fMRI images were performed by a Gradient-echo Planar Imaging sequence, with scan parameters of TR/TE = 2000 ms/30 ms, FA = 90°, slices = 32, resolution matrix = 64 × 64, FOV = 220 mm × 220 mm, thickness = 3 mm, voxel size = 3.4 mm3 × 3.4 mm3 × 4 mm3. Finally, 242 volumes were acquired for each subject.
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Resting-state fMRI Acquisition and Analysis

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Functional MRI images were collected using a Siemens 3T Trio scanner (Siemens Medical Systems, Erlangen, Germany) with a 12-channel head coil. The 242 whole-brain resting-state functional images were obtained with the following parameters: TR/TE = 2000 ms/30 ms, FA = 90°, FOV = 220 mm × 220 mm slices = 32, thickness = 3 mm, slice gap = 1 mm, acquisition voxel size = 3.4 mm × 3.4mm × 3.4 mm. During resting-state scanning, the participants were instructed to lie down with their eyes closed and to remain awake without thinking of anything special. High-resolution 3D T1-weighted structural images were obtained using a Magnetization Prepared Rapid Acquisition Gradient-echo (MPRAGE) sequence: TR/TE = 1900 ms/2.52 ms, FOV = 256 mm × 256 mm, FA = 9°, slices = 176, thickness = 1 mm, and voxel size = 1 mm × 1 mm × 1 mm.
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6

Quantifying Dorsocervical and Visceral Adiposity

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MRI of the neck was performed on a Siemens 3T Trio magnetic resonance system using phased-array neck and body matrix coils. A volumetric 3D Dixon gradient-echo multiecho pulse sequence with 6 echo times (repetition time = 20 ms; echo time = 2.46, 6.15, 9.84, 12.3, 14.76, 17.22 ms; flip angle = 5; slice thickness = 3 mm; field of view = 42 cm; matrix = 256 × 256) was employed. Sagittal images were reconstructed to identify the level of C7 vertebral body. Axial images at the level of C7 were reconstructed and used for measurement of dorsocervical adipose tissue area. Vertical reference lines were placed along the lateral border of the vertebral body of C7 and projected over dorsocervical adipose tissue, providing standardized lateral boundaries for the fat depot. Dorsocervical adipose tissue was demarcated anteriorly by the paraspinal muscles and posteriorly by the dorsocervical skin. Area measurements within these boundaries were expressed in square centimeters. In addition, MRI was acquired using an axial T1-weighted, fat-suppressed pulse sequence obtained at the level of L4 vertebral body for determination of visceral and subcutaneous fat areas utilizing commercial software (Vitrak, Merge e/Film).
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7

Diffusion Weighted Imaging Processing Protocol

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Participants were scanned on a Siemens 3T Trio (at Indiana University Hospital and Cleveland Clinic) and a Siemens 3T Prisma at the Cleveland Clinic. DWI data were processed in the AFNI (Cox, 1996 (link)) pipeline that included routines in TORTOISE (Pierpaoli et al., 2010 ), FATCAT (Taylor & Saad, 2013 (link)) and FreeSurfer (Fischl, 2012 (link)). Details are presented in the online supplement.
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8

Multimodal Neuroimaging Protocol for Brain Analysis

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MR data were collected on a Siemens Medical Systems 3T Trio. A 3D T1-weighted “MPRAGE” RF-spoiled rapid flash scan in the sagittal plane, and a T2/PD-weighted multi-slice axial 2D dual Fast Turbo spin-echo scan in the axial plane was used. The multi-echo whole brain T1 scans had 1mm isotropic voxel size and sufficient field of view to cover from the top of the head to the neck with the following protocol parameters: TR=2530ms, TE1=1.74ms, TE2=3.6ms, TE3=5.46ms, TE4=7.32ms, flip angle=7°. All functional runs were acquired using gradient echo, echo-planar images with the following protocol parameters: TR=1850ms, TE=30ms, flip angle=75°. Volumes were consisted of thirty-four 3 mm slices with transversal orientation. Each volume covered the whole brain with FOV=208mm and 64X64 matrix, resulting in 3.3×3.3×3 mm3 voxel size.
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9

Multimodal Neuroimaging of Cognitive Function

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Imaging was conducted on a Siemens 3T Trio whole-body scanner (Siemens AG, Erlangen, Germany), using an 8-channel array coil. At the beginning of the first scanning session, high-resolution T1-weighted anatomical images were obtained using an MPRAGE sequence (TR = 1,620 ms, TI = 950 ms, TE = 3 ms, flip angle = 15°, 160 contiguous slices of 1.0 mm thickness, in-plane resolution 1 mm × 1 mm) while the subject performed training trials of the BART. Conventional BOLD images were acquired using a standard echo-planar imaging sequence (TR = 1,500 ms, TE = 30 ms, flip angle = 90°, 25 interleaved axial slices with 5 mm thickness, in-plane resolution 3.44 mm × 3.44 mm), identical to Rao et al. [2008] (link). ASL images were acquired using a pseudo-continuous ASL sequence based on gradient-echo echoplanar imaging [Chen et al., 2011 (link); Dai et al., 2008 (link); Wu et al., 2007 (link)] with the following parameters: TR = 4 s, TE = 17 ms, flip angle = 90°, FOV = 22 cm, matrix = 64 × 64, labeling time = 1.5 s, postlabeling delay = 1.2 s, 18 axial slices with 6 mm thickness and 1.2 mm gap, in-plane resolution 3.44 mm × 3.44 mm.
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10

Glioblastoma fMRI Tumor Protocol

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The clinical dataset comprised 189 glioblastoma patients aged 21 – 86 (average 61 years), which was retrospectively identified in the Washington University School of Medicine (WUSM) neurosurgery brain tumor database. Inclusion criteria included: a new diagnosis of primary glioblastoma; age above 18 years; MRI at WUSM including fMRI for pre-surgical planning; adequate tumor segmentation; IDH1 wild-type; and root mean square head motion < 1.15 mm (Table C.1). Exclusion criteria included: prior brain surgery and inability to have an MRI scan. The Washington University Institutional Review Board oversees all aspects of the study. All analyses were conducted retrospectively using preoperative data.
Patients were scanned with either a 3 T Trio or Skyra scanner (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) using a standard clinical pre-surgical tumor protocol. Anatomical imaging included a T1w magnetization prepared rapid acquisition (MP-RAGE) and a T2w fast spin echo, both with a voxel size of (1 mm)3 and a FLAIR image used for tumor segmentation. rs-fMRI was acquired using a BOLD-sensitized EPI sequence (voxel size (3 mm)3 isotropic; echo time = 27 ms; repetition time = 2.2 – 2.9 s; field of view = 256 mm; flip angle = 90°). Two rs-fMRI runs were obtained in each patient (320 frames); each run included 160 frames.
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