Glutathione (gsh)

The PCP was purchased from Beijing Solable Biotechnology (Batch No. SP8930) with a purity of >90%, blending with normal saline to 4 mg/ml paste. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (Catalog: BMS607-3), interleukin 6 (IL-6) (Catalog: KMC0061), IL-10 (Catalog: BMS614), and IL-1β (Catalog: BMS613) ELISA kits were purchased from eBioscience. Glutathione (GSH; Batch No. A006-2-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD; Batch No. A001-3-2), malondialdehyde (MDA; Batch No. A003-1-2), myeloperoxidase (MPO; Batch No. A044-1-1), and other detection kits were purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute. FoxP3 (EPR22102-37, Batch No. ab215206) antibody was purchased from Abcam company, and anti-CD4 FITC (clone: GK1.5, Batch No. 11-0041-82), anti-CD25 PE (clone: PC61.5, Batch No. 12-0251-82), anti-FoxP3 APC (clone: FJK-16s, Batch No. 17-5773-82), Annexin-V (Batch No. 331200), and propidium iodide (PI) (Batch No. BMS500PI) were purchased from eBioscience company.

Powder injection of cisplatin (batch no. 5050272DB) was purchased from Qilu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Jinan, Shandong, China). 2‐Methoxyestradiol (2ME2; batch no. 105M4158V) was obtained from Sigma‐Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Powder injection of PNSs (batch no. 14092108) was obtained from Wuzhou Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Wuzhou, Guangxi, China). Kits of superoxide dismutase (SOD; batch no. A001‐1), malondialdehyde (MDA; batch no. A003‐1), nitric oxide (NO; batch no. 20170605), glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT; batch no. 20170608) were from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Research Institute (Nanjing, Jiangsu, China). Kits of ROS (batch no. S0033) and ATP (batch no. S0026) were obtained from Beyotime Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). MMP kit (batch no. 20170301) was purchased from Beijing Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) Fluorescence Assay Kit (batch no. GMS10095.2) was obtained from GENMED Scientifics, Inc. (Boston, MA, USA).

HepG2 cells were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA). Fetal bovine serum, DMEM, pancreatin and penicillin were purchased from Gibco (Suzhou, China). Peristaltic pumps were available from MasterFlex (USA). PES membrane filters (0.22 μm, Millex-GV) were purchased from Merck Millipore Ltd.); intravenous indwelling needles (BD Intima II) were from Becton Dickinson medical Devices Co. Ltd. (Suzhou, China). Oleic acid, palmitic acid and sodium deoxycholate were all obtained from Sigma (San Francisco, CA, USA). The protein quantitation kit and the mitochondrial membrane potential detection kit (JC-1) were obtained from Beyotime Biotechnology Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). sodium deoxycholate (SDC) and phospholipase A2 were obtained from Sigma company (Beijing, China). Detection kits for triglyceride (TG), malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were obtained from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Research Institute (Nanjing, China). The total antioxidant capacity assay kit with the rapid ABTS method and the superoxide anion scavenging capacity test kit were obtained from Solarbio science & technology co. Ltd. (Beijing, China). Baicalin, the main component of Shuganning Injection, was provided by Guizhou Ruihe Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.

Ginsenoside Rb1, Ginsenoside Rg1, Osthole, Imperatorin, Paeoniflorin, Paeonolum, Oleanic acid and 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside were purchased from the National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (Beijing, China). Acetonitrile [high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade] was bought from Honeywell International Inc. (Burdick & Jackson, Muskegon, MI, USA). SCOP hydrobromide injection (Guangzhou Baiyun mountain Mingxing Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China) was purchased from Guangzhou Pharmaceuticals Corporation (Guangzhou, China). Acricept (Henan Joyline & Joysun Pharmaceutical Stock Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, China) was dissolved in 0.9% physiological saline. Kits used for determination of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were purchased from the Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). Primary antibodies (Bcl-2, caspase-3 and β-actin) were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Beverly, MA, USA). Anti-Bax antibody was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Secondary antibodies (horseradish peroxidase-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG and anti-mouse IgG) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. Other reagents were of AR grade.

AN (99% purity) was obtained from the Sinopect Shanghai Petrochemical Company (Jinshan District, Shanghai, China). Trans-1, 2-dichloroethylene, p-nitrophenol, and p-nitrocatechol were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co (Shanghai, China). The glutathione (GSH) and protein determination kits were purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, Jiangsu, China). Other commonly used chemical reagents of high purity were of domestic or imported origin.