Alt and ast kits

The ALT and AST kits were bought from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The LDH and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for mouse IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB, and iNOS were purchased from Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). The GST, SOD, and GSSG/GSH kits were purchased from Abcam (BCG, Boston, MA, USA). A bicinchoninic acid (BCA) kit was obtained from Beyotime Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). The primary antibodies against LPGAT1 (Cat# orb184994), PLD4 (Cat# bs-12718R), and CEPT1 (Cat# orb156344) were bought from Biorbyt Ltd. (Cambridge, UK). The primary antibody against CHKB (Cat# PA5-112385) was obtained from Invitrogen (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, MA, USA). The primary antibody against glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (Cat# BA2913) was acquired from Boster Biological Technology Co. Ltd. (Wuhan, China). The Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated secondary antibodies (Cat# bs-40295G-HRP) were purchased from Bioss, Inc. (Beijing, China). The standards Im, Ly, En, EnNO, and RdNO were acquired from PhytoLab (Vestenbergsgreuth, Germany). The standards Rd, ImNO, and LyNO were bought from Shanghai Zzbio Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). All other reagents and chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade.

HSP powder and ZnO nanoparticles less than < 100 nm particle size and composition of ZnO > 99.9% were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA. ALT and AST kits and all other necessary reagents of analytical grade were bought from Sigma–Aldrich Chemicals Co., St. Louis, USA.