Atg5 sirna

Glutathione (GSH), N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), sodium pyruvate (Na Py), catalase (Cat), superoxide dismutase (SOD), chloroquine (CQ), 3-methyl adenine (3-MA), Bafilomycin A1, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Mito Peroxy Yellow 1 (MitoPY1), anti-rabbit IgG, and anti-mouse IgG were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Dulbecco's modified essential medium (DMEM), Opti MEM medium, phosphate buffered saline (PBS), trypsin-EDTA, and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were bought from GIBCO BRL (Grand Island, NY, USA). Oxidation sensitive 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) was purchased from Molecular Probes (Eugene, OR, USA). Primary antibodies against α-SMA, Desmin, GFAP, LC3-I/II, ULK1, p-ULK1, mTOR, p-mTOR, Atg5, Atg7, Atg9, Atg14, P62, PI3 Kinase Class III (PI3KCIII), and β-actin were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). Primary antibody against α1(I) procollagen was purchased from Epitomics (San Francisco, CA). Primary antibodies against Perilipin A, Rab25, and Fibronectin were purchased from Abcam Technology (Abcam, Cambridge, UK). Atg5 siRNA, Rab25 siRNA, negative control siRNA, Atg5 plasmid constructs and negative control vectors were purchased from Hanbio (Shanghai, China). MegaTran 1.0 transfection reagent was from OriGene (Rockville, MD, USA).