Nicolet is50 infrared spectrometer

The morphology of the deposited CS-based coatings was examined by SEM using a JEOL JSM–7500F Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope equipped with an EDX detector.
FT-IR spectra were measured by a Thermo Scientific Nicolet is50 Infrared Spectrometer. Spectra were recorded in a mid-infrared range (500–4000 cm⁻¹) using an attenuated total reflection (ATR) accessory with a diamond crystal.

The FTIR spectra of the samples were obtained on a Nicolet iS50 infrared spectrometer (Thermo Fisher, Waltham, MA, USA) equipped with an ATR accessory from 4000 to 400 cm⁻¹. Each spectrum was recorded at a resolution of 4 cm⁻¹ for 32 scans against the air as the background. The spectra in the range of 1200 to 800 cm⁻¹ were smoothed, baseline corrected, and deconvoluted using the Omnic 8.2 software. The ratio of the peak intensity at 995 cm⁻¹ to that at 1022 cm⁻¹ (R_995/1022) was used to indicate the relative amount of starch short-range orders.

All spectra were collected using a Nicolet iS50 infrared spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.) equipped with a liquid-nitrogen-cooled MCT-A detector and custom-made single-reflection accessory. The incident angle was set at 55°, and the spectral resolution was 4 cm⁻¹. The spectra are presented in absorbance units A = log(I₀/I), where I₀ and I correspond to the single-beam intensities of IR radiation observed for the reference and the sample, respectively. In all experiments, we used a silicon hemispherical prism. The bilayer was deposited on the planar surface of the prism by spreading of lipid vesicles. The refractive indices used for the molecular orientation calculations were 3.42 for Si, 1.45 for lipid bilayer, and 1.32 for D₂O. Data processing was performed with Omnic 9 software (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA, USA).

The conversion and grafting ratio of the HRP were calculated [42 (link),43 (link)]. The weight of the WRP was W₁, the weight of added AM was W₂, and the weight of the product was W₃. The equation of the yield and grafting ratio is expressed as: $Conversion=\frac{W_3-W_1}{W_2}$
$Graftingratio=\frac{W_3-W_1}{W_1}$
FT-IR spectra of the functional groups on the surface of the rubber powder were recorded on a Nicolet-is50 infrared spectrometer (Thermo Fisher, New York, NY, USA) in the range of 4000–400 cm⁻¹ with a 2 cm⁻¹ resolution using a KBr pellet.
The impact of the different AM and BPO qualities on the hydrophilicity of the modified rubber powder was measured using the water contact angle. After the samples were pressed into a tablet, the contact angles of the samples were tested using a DSA25 Contact Angle Meter instrument (Kruss, Berlin, Germany). Each sample was tested three times, and the average value was taken as the result.
Thermogravimetric analyses of the modified rubber powder were tested using a TGA2 Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer (Mettler Toledo, Bern, Switzerland). The sample was heated from 35 °C to 800 °C at the rate of 10 °C/min under a nitrogen atmosphere.