Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso)

Manufactured by RCI Labscan

Sourced in Thailand, Ireland

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a widely used organic solvent with a range of applications in various industries. It is a colorless, odorless liquid with a high boiling point and low viscosity. DMSO is known for its ability to dissolve a wide variety of polar and non-polar compounds, making it a useful solvent in scientific research and industrial applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by RCI Labscan (7 mentions) Ethanol, by RCI Labscan (6 mentions) 2 2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (dpph), by Merck Group (6 mentions) Penicillin streptomycin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (5 mentions) N hexane, by RCI Labscan (4 mentions) Streptomycin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (4 mentions) Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (4 mentions) Acetic acid, by RCI Labscan (4 mentions) Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by RCI Labscan (4 mentions) Ferrous sulfate, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Penicillin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions) Methanol, by RCI Labscan (3 mentions) Hanks balanced salt solution (hbss), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions) Gallic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Griess reagent, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Linoleic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Glacial acetic acid, by RCI Labscan (3 mentions) Absolute ethanol, by RCI Labscan (3 mentions) Glycerol, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Polyvinyl alcohol (pva), by Merck Group (2 mentions)

Close spelling variants of this product

Ethanol and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), (2 citations) Analytical grade dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (2 citations)

41 protocols using dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso)

Electrochemical Characterization of Graphite Electrode

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The materials and reagents used
in the experiment included potassium permanganate (Merck, India),
glycerol (JHD, China), sulfuric acid (E. Merck, Germany), hydrochloric
acid (RCI Lab-Scan, Thailand), polyvinyl alcohol (Merck, Germany),
dimethyl sulfoxide (Lab-Scan, Ireland), and ethanol (Merck, Germany).
The graphite rod (with a surface area of 0.30 cm²) was
purchased from Alfa Aesar; Analytical grade chemicals and reagents
were purchased and utilized in the experiment as received without
any further modification and purification. For aqueous solution preparation,
the deionized water (DI) having a conductivity of less than 0.2 μS
cm^–1 and a resistance of 18.2 MΩ cm was obtained
from an ultrapure water purification system (Barnstead nanopure, Model:
D7031, Thermo Scientific) and was used throughout the whole experiment.

Siddique M.A., Bithi U.H., Ahmed A.N., Gafur M.A., Reaz A.H., Roy C.K., Islam M.M, & Firoz S.H. (2022). Preparation of Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles with Enhanced Capacitive Properties Utilizing Gel Formation Method. ACS Omega, 7(51), 48007-48017.

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Development of Nanoemulsion Formulations

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Rosmarinic acid (RA), polysorbate 20 (Tween 20^®), polysorbate 80 (Tween 80^®), steareth-10 (Brij S10^®), polyoxyethylene mono (octylphenyl) ether (Triton X-114^®), decyl glucoside (Plantacare 2000^®), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400), propylene glycol, glycerin, cholesterol, stearic acid, glyceryl monostearate, cetyl palmitate, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Tea seed (Camellia oleifera Abel.) oil, avocado (Persea americana Mill.) oil, and almond (Prunus dulcis Mill.) oil were cosmetic grade purchased from Namsiang (Chiang Mai, Thailand). HPLC grade acetonitrile was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Ethanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were analytical grade purchased from Labscan (Dublin, Ireland).

Chaiyana W., Anuchapreeda S., Somwongin S., Marsup P., Lee K.H., Lin W.C, & Lue S.C. (2020). Dermal Delivery Enhancement of Natural Anti-Ageing Compounds from Ocimum sanctum Linn. Extract by Nanostructured Lipid Carriers. Pharmaceutics, 12(4), 309.

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MTT Cytotoxicity Assay Protocol

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1-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-3, 5-diphenylformazan or thiazolyl blue formazan (MTT), finasteride and hydrocortisone were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, USA). Fetal bovine, 2.5% trypsin serum, penicillin/streptomycin, phosphate buffer solution pH 7.4 were obtained from Gibco (Auckland, New Zealand). Dimethyl sulfoxide or DMSO (Analytical grade) was purchased from Labscan (V.S. Chem House, Thailand). Mouse IL-1β ELISA Instant Kit was purchased from e-bio sciences (Bender-med systems Gmblt, Vienna, Austria). Follicle dermal papilla cell growth medium was purchased from PromoCell (Heidelberg, Germany).

Wisuitiprot V., Ingkaninan K., Chakkavittumrong P., Wisuitiprot W., Neungchamnong N., Chantakul R, & Waranuch N. (2022). Effects of Acanthus ebracteatus Vahl. extract and verbascoside on human dermal papilla and murine macrophage. Scientific Reports, 12, 1491.

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Antioxidant Evaluation of Cocoa Butter Blends

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Lycopene, 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2,2'‐Azobis(2‐amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), and ferric chloride (FeCl₃.6H₂O) were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich Inc., USA. Cocoa butter was purchased from Tropicalife CO., Ltd., Thailand. Methanol (HPLC grade), tetrahydrofuran (HPLC grade), deionized water (HPLC grade) 95% ethanol (Analytical grade), acetone (Analytical grade), hexane (Analytical grade), dimethyl sulfoxide (Analytical grade), and hydrochloric acid (Analytical grade) were purchased from Labscan Ltd., Ireland. Ammonium thiocyanate (Analytical grade) was purchased from Kemaus, Australia. Linoleic acid was purchased from Fluka Buchs, Switzerland. Plantasens^® HE20 (Cetearyl glucoside, Sorbitan olivate) was purchased from Clariant CO., Ltd., Thailand. Grape seed oil, almond oil, Avocado oil, olive oil, sesame oil, sorbitan oleate (Span^® 80), polysorbate 20 (Tween^® 20), and propylene glycol were purchased from Namsiang CO., Ltd., Thailand.

Sirikhet J., Chanmahasathien W., Raiwa A, & Kiattisin K. (2021). Stability enhancement of lycopene in Citrullus lanatus extract via nanostructured lipid carriers. Food Science & Nutrition, 9(3), 1750-1760.

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Cytotoxicity Assay of Anticancer Compounds

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All organic solvent used for the extraction were from RCI Labscan (Samut Sakhon, Thailand). Trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,4,6-tripyridyl-s-triazine (TPTZ) were purchased from Aldrich Chemistry (St. Louis, MO, USA). Cisplatin was purchased from Boryung (Ansan, Korea). DMSO was purchased from (Lab-Scan). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), 0.25% trypsin-EDTA (1x), fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin, and streptomycin were purchased from GIBCO^® (Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY, USA). FITC-conjugated Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) were purchased from BioLegend (San Diego, CA, USA). Neutral red (NR) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA). Ferrous sulfate and iron(III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3•6H₂O) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). TLC silica gel 60 F₂₅₄ was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), silica gel 60 (grain fraction 0.2–0.5 mm) was purchased from Merck (Germany). The NMR spectra of each isolated compound was recorded in CDCl₃ on a Varian Mercury Plus spectrometer operating at 400 mHz (¹H) and at 100 mHz (¹³C) (Varian, Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA).

Jantamat P., Weerapreeyakul N, & Puthongking P. (2019). Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis Induction of Coumarins and Carbazole Alkaloids from Clausena Harmandiana. Molecules, 24(18), 3385.

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Phytochemical Analysis and Cytotoxicity

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All organic solvents, HCL and H₂SO₄ used for the extraction were obtained from RCI Labscan (Samut Sakhon, Thailand). Sodium Hydroxide and FeCl₃ were purchased from Q RëC™ (New Zealand). KOH was purchased from KemAus™ (Cherrybrook, Australia). Dragendorff’s reagent and sodium-potassium tartrate were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). DMSO was purchased from Lab-Scan. Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), RPMI Media 1640, 0.25% trypsin-EDTA (1×), fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin, and streptomycin were purchased from GIBCO^® (Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY, USA). FITC-conjugated Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) were purchased from BioLegend (San Diego, CA, USA). Neutral red (NR) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA). TLC silica gel 60 F₂₅₄ and silica gel 60 (grain fraction 0.2–0.5 mm) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany).

Puthongking P., Yongram C., Katekaew S., Sungthong B, & Weerapreeyakul N. (2022). Dipterocarpol in Oleoresin of Dipterocarpus alatus Attributed to Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis-Inducing Effect. Molecules, 27(10), 3187.

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Antioxidant Compound Analysis Protocol

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Morin hydrate and resveratrol were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry (TCI) (Tokyo, Japan). Quercetin, Folin–Ciocalteu solution, 2,20-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Ferric chloride, ferrous sulfate, sodium carbonate, sodium acetate, aluminum trichloride, and potassium persulfate were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), RPMI-1640 medium, and penicillin–streptomycin were purchased from GIBCO Invitrogen™ (Grand Island, NY, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was obtained from Biochrom AG (Berlin, Germany). Protein markers, 0.5 M Tris–HCl, pH 6.8 solution, 1 M Tris–HCl, pH 8 solution, and 30% acrylamide/bis solution, were purchased from Bio-Rad Laboratories (Richmond, CA, USA). Ethanol, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Labscan (Dublin, Ireland). HPLC grade Ethanol was purchased from Carlo Erba Reagents (Cornaredo, Italy).

Rueankham L., Panyajai P., Saiai A., Rungrojsakul M., Tima S., Chiampanichayakul S., Yeerong K., Somwongin S., Chaiyana W., Dejkriengkraikul P., Okonogi S., Katekunlaphan T, & Anuchapreeda S. (2023). Biological activities of extracts and compounds from Thai Kae-Lae (Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) Corner). BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, 23, 191.

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Cell Viability and Apoptosis Assays

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Mucosal epithelial human colon cancer cell line (HT-29) and mouse connective tissue fibroblasts (L929) were purchased from ATCC^®, Manassas, VA, USA. Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 0.25% trypsin–EDTA (1X) were purchased from Gibco (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA). Phosphate buffered saline pH 7.4 (PBS) was purchased from Sigma–Aldrich, Munich, Germany. 3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (for MTT assay of cell viability) and Hoechst 33,342 were purchased from Invitrogen^TM Molecular Probes^®, Eugene, OR, USA. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was of analytical grade and purchased from Labscan, Bangkok, Thailand. Guava Cell Cycle Reagents for Flow Cytometry was purchased from Merck, Darmstadt, Germany and FITC Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit I was obtained from BD Pharmingen^TM, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA.

Sripetthong S., Eze F.N., Sajomsang W, & Ovatlarnporn C. (2023). Development of pH-Responsive N-benzyl-N-O-succinyl Chitosan Micelles Loaded with a Curcumin Analog (Cyqualone) for Treatment of Colon Cancer. Molecules, 28(6), 2693.

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Nevirapine Quantification by LC-MS

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Nevirapine was purchased from the United States Pharmacopeia, through Industrial Analytical (Johannesburg, South Africa) and stock solutions (1 mg/mL) were made up in methanol and stored at -20°C until use. LC-MS grade water, methanol and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Lab-Scan (Gliwice, Poland). Sodium hypochlorite from Merck (Johannesburg, South Africa), 10-14%, was diluted in water to 0.4 M and the concentration was found to be stable over time by iodometric titration. Monobasic and dibasic potassium phosphate (Merck) were used for buffering Nevirapine and NaOCl solutions to a final concentration of 10 mM. Ammonium Chloride, sodium thiosulphate and ascorbic acid were purchased from Radchem (Johannesburg, South Africa), formic acid from Sigma-Aldrich (Johannesburg, South Africa) and 20 mL borosilicate amber vials with PTFE caps from Macherey-Nagel (Düren, Germany).
Pharmaceutical Nevirapine was obtained from Aspen (Johannesburg, South Africa) and utilized for large scale experimentation to reduce costs. Water and acetonitrile, each with 0.1% formic acid were obtained from Burdick & Jackson (Muskegon, USA). All buffers and reagents were formulated using LC-MS grade water (non-South African origin).

Wood T.P., Basson A.E., Duvenage C, & Rohwer E.R. (2016). The chlorination behaviour and environmental fate of the antiretroviral drug nevirapine in South African surface water. Water research, 104.

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Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Assays

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L-glutamic acid, Folin-Ciocalteu phenol reagent, sodium carbonate, gallic acid, aluminum chloride, sodium acetate, quercetin, 2,2′-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), N-Acetyl cysteine, and ascorbic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was purchased from RCI Labscan (Bangkok, Thailand). Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and Hanks’ Balanced Salt solution (HBSS) were purchased from Thermo Scientific HyClone (Logan, UT, USA). Trypsin-EDTA (0.25%) was purchased from Gibco (Waltham, MA, USA). 3-(4,5-dimetylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) was purchased from Bio Basic (Markham, ON, Canada). Trizol was purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). The maxime RT PreMix Oligo 18 Primer kit and RealMOD^TM Green W2 2x qPCR mix were purchased from iNtRON Biotechnology (Gyeonggi, South Korea). 2′, 7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H₂DCFDA) was purchased from Molecular Probes (Eugene, OR, USA). The annexin V-Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) apoptosis detection kit was purchased from BioLegend (San Diego, IL, USA).

Sillapachaiyaporn C., Rangsinth P., Nilkhet S., Ung A.T., Chuchawankul S, & Tencomnao T. (2021). Neuroprotective Effects against Glutamate-Induced HT-22 Hippocampal Cell Damage and Caenorhabditis elegans Lifespan/Healthspan Enhancing Activity of Auricularia polytricha Mushroom Extracts. Pharmaceuticals, 14(10), 1001.

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