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12 protocols using pf 3758309

1

HIV-1 Latency Reversal Assay

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The 24ST1NLESG cell line of HIV-1 latency was kindly provided by Dr. Joseph P. Dougherty (Robert Wood Johnson Medical School). Analysis of HIV-1 latency reversal in the 24ST1NLESG cells was conducted as described previously [14 (link)]. Briefly, in the 24ST1NLESG cell line, the integrated HIV-1 genome encodes a secretable alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) gene in env, which serves as an indicator of late gene expression, and used a measure of latency reversal. PF-3758309 was purchased from Selleckchem (Houston, TX, USA). siRNA molecules were obtained from DharmaconTM (Horizon Discovery Ltd., Co., USA). All other reagents were of the highest quality available and were used without further purification.
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2

Exosome-mediated Endothelial Tube Formation

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Endothelial cell tube formation assays were performed as previously described [42 (link)]. Briefly, 2F-2B and HUVEC (7 × 104 cells/well) were re-suspended in DMEM + 5% FBS, and seeded onto growth factor-reduced BD matrigel (1 mg/ml) (96-well) for 1 h. Cells were then supplemented for 2 h with MDCK, MDCKYBX1 or 21D1 Exos (30 μg), or the vehicle control (DMEM). For inhibitor based tube formation assays, 2F-2B and HUVEC cells (7 × 104 cells/well) were pre-treated with Rac1 inhibitors: 1 μM FRAX597 (Selleck Chem) and 1 μM PF-3758309 (Selleck Chem) for 1 h. Cells were isolated (480 x g. 5 min) and re-suspended in DMEM + 5% FBS, and seeded onto growth factor-reduced BD matrigel (1 mg/ml) (96-well) for 1 h. Cells were then supplemented with MDCK, MDCKYBX1 or 21D1 Exos (30 μg), or the vehicle control (DMEM). Tube-like structures were imaged using Nikon Eclipse TE300 microscope.
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3

PAK Inhibitor Endogenous Inhibition

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The PAK inhibitor, PF-3758309 (Selleckchem), was used for endogenous PAK inhibition at 10 μM for 90 min. PhosTag molecule was produced by MRC PPU Reagents and Services, University of Dundee. All solvents and chemicals used for LC-MS/MS analysis were of MS grade (Sigma).
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4

Long-Term Clonogenic Proliferation Assay

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Primary mPDAC cell cultures were isolated from autochthonous PDAC and cultured as described previously59 (link)
. All cells were cultivated for less than 30 passages, authenticated by genotyping and tested for mycoplasma contamination by PCR. Conventional human PDAC cell lines and primary patient derived low passaged PDAC cell cultures were established and cultured as previously reported58 (link)
.
For long-term clonogenic cell proliferation assays, cells were seeded into 24-well plates (density of 1-2×103 cells/well, depending on growth rate. The following day, plates were treated with different concentrations of drugs as indicated. Every 7 days, media and drug were refreshed. Cells were fixed and stained with 0.2% crystal violet in an ethanol/water solution 7 to 13 days after the start of treatment, according to the confluence reached by the untreated control. Crystal violet was solubilized with 10% acetic acid and absorbance was quantified at 595 nm. The resulting values were used to calculate the Bliss synergy score with the online software Synergy Finder (v1.0)60 (link)
. All assays were performed independently at least three times. Trametinib, nintedanib, AZD-4547, imatinib and PF-3758309 were obtained from Selleckchem, 4-OHT from Sigma, murine anti PD-L1 mAb (Anti PD-L1-mIgG1e3 InvivoFit™) was purchased from InvivoGen, and tamoxifen for in vivo treatment from Sigma.
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5

Cultivation and Treatment of Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells

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Human brain microvascular ECs (ScienCell and PromoCell, isolated from adult or fetal human brains) and GBM-derived ECs were maintained as previously described13 (link),14 (link). In brief, cells were cultured in Endothelial Cell Medium (ScienCell, supplemented with vascular endothelial growth factor A) at 37°C with 5% CO2. All cells were used between passages two and five. Cells were treated with KPT9274 or PF3758309 (Selleckchem).
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6

Culturing Human Neuroblastoma Cells

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The human neuroblastoma cell lines were purchased from JENNIO Biological Technology (Guangzhou, China) within 5 years. All cells were maintained as monolayer cultures in RPMI-1640, Dulbecco's modified Eagles medium (DMEM) or DMEM/F12 medium (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Atlanta Biologicals, Lawrenceville, GA, USA), penicillin (100 U/ml) and streptomycin (100 µg/ml) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 at 37°C. All cells were tested routinely for Mycoplasma. The small-molecular inhibitor PF-3758309 was purchased from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX, USA).
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7

Pancreatic Cancer Cell Line Cultures

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SW-1990, PSN-1, BxPC3 and PANC-1 cell lines were purchased from ATCC. MIA PaCa-2 and KP4 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and Accegen, respectively. MIA PaCa-2, PANC-1, SW-1990 were cultured in DMEM (Sigma-Aldrich) whereas PSN-1, BxPC3 and KP4 were cultured in RPMI1640 (Sigma-Aldrich). Both the Medias were supplemented with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (Gibco) and 5% Penicillin-Streptomycin (Sigma-Aldrich). Cell lines were maintained at 37 °C with 5% CO2 in a cell culture incubator. Gemcitabine Hydrochloride was procured from Sigma Aldrich (catalogue number: G6423). PAK4 inhibitors (KPT-9274, catalogue number: S8444 and PF-3758309, catalogue number: S7094) were procured from Selleckchem.
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8

Cytoskeletal Dynamics and Cellular Signaling

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Anti–VE-cadherin (F-8) was from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. Anti-CD31 (89C2) was from Cell Signaling Technologies. 4′,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), rhodamine phalloidin (1 mg/ml), Alexa Fluor 647 phalloidin (1 mg/ml), and Alexa Fluor–conjugated secondary antibodies were from Life Technologies. For antibody concentrations, see the “Immunofluorescence” and “Western blot and small GTPase activity assays” sections below. Rapamycin, alpelisib (BYL719), Y-27362 2HCl, trametinib (GSK1120212), batimastat (BB-94), EHT1864 2HCl, and PF-3758309 were from Selleckchem.
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9

Long-Term Clonogenic Proliferation Assay

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Primary mPDAC cell cultures were isolated from autochthonous PDAC and cultured as described previously59 (link)
. All cells were cultivated for less than 30 passages, authenticated by genotyping and tested for mycoplasma contamination by PCR. Conventional human PDAC cell lines and primary patient derived low passaged PDAC cell cultures were established and cultured as previously reported58 (link)
.
For long-term clonogenic cell proliferation assays, cells were seeded into 24-well plates (density of 1-2×103 cells/well, depending on growth rate. The following day, plates were treated with different concentrations of drugs as indicated. Every 7 days, media and drug were refreshed. Cells were fixed and stained with 0.2% crystal violet in an ethanol/water solution 7 to 13 days after the start of treatment, according to the confluence reached by the untreated control. Crystal violet was solubilized with 10% acetic acid and absorbance was quantified at 595 nm. The resulting values were used to calculate the Bliss synergy score with the online software Synergy Finder (v1.0)60 (link)
. All assays were performed independently at least three times. Trametinib, nintedanib, AZD-4547, imatinib and PF-3758309 were obtained from Selleckchem, 4-OHT from Sigma, murine anti PD-L1 mAb (Anti PD-L1-mIgG1e3 InvivoFit™) was purchased from InvivoGen, and tamoxifen for in vivo treatment from Sigma.
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10

Evaluation of Small Molecule Inhibitors

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The drugs employed in this study were as follows: dabrafenib (ApexBio, B1407‐50); XL888 (ApexBio, A4388‐25); fludarabine (Selleckchem, S1491); CHIR‐99021 HCl (CT99021) (Selleckchem, S2924); palbociclib (ApexBio, A8316); LDC000067 (ApexBio, B4754‐10); Ro 3306 (ApexBio, A8885‐10); roscovitine (ApexBio, A1723‐10); K03861 (Selleckchem, S8100); CHIR‐99021 (Selleckchem, S2924); dinaciclib (Selleckchem, S2768); FRAX597 (Selleckchem, S7271); PF‐3758309 (Selleckchem, S7094); AUY922 (Selleckchem, S1069); BIIB021 (Selleckchem, S1175); novobiocin (Selleckchem, S2492); 17‐DMAG (Selleckchem, S1142). All the drugs were dissolved in DMSO (Sigma D2650).
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