Varioskan flash

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in United States, Finland, France, United Kingdom, China, Japan, Germany, Ireland, Australia, Netherlands, Italy

The Varioskan Flash is a multimode microplate reader capable of performing absorbance, fluorescence, and luminescence measurements. It is designed to provide accurate and reliable results for a wide range of applications in life science research and drug discovery.

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Lab products found in correlation

Cell counting kit 8 (cck8), by Dojindo Laboratories (21 mentions) Cck 8, by Dojindo Laboratories (18 mentions) Dual luciferase reporter assay system, by Promega (15 mentions) Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (mtt), by Merck Group (14 mentions) Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (10 mentions) Cck 8 reagent, by Dojindo Laboratories (9 mentions) Cell counting kit 8 (cck8), by Beyotime (8 mentions) Lipofectamine 2000, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (8 mentions) Sytox green, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (8 mentions) Celltiter 96 aqueous one solution cell proliferation assay, by Promega (7 mentions) Cell counting kit 8 cck 8, by Dojindo Laboratories (7 mentions) Cck 8 solution, by Dojindo Laboratories (7 mentions) Fitc dextran, by Merck Group (7 mentions) Cm h2dcfda, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (7 mentions) Prestoblue, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (6 mentions) Trizol reagent, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (6 mentions) Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (6 mentions) Quant it picogreen dsdna assay kit, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (6 mentions) Prism 5, by GraphPad (6 mentions) Prism 8, by GraphPad (6 mentions)

Close spelling variants of this product

Skan It RE for Varioskan 133 Flash 2.4 (2 citations) Varioskan Flash UV–Vis spectrophotometer (2 citations) Varioskan Flash Multimode Plate Reader (26 citations) Varioskan Flash Spectral Scanning Reader (2 citations) Varioskan Flash Spectral (10 citations) Varioskan® Flash Microplate Multimode Readers (2 citations) Varioskan Flash spectral scanning (9 citations) JS-THERMO Varioskan Flash (4 citations) Thermo Varioskan Flash reader (3 citations) Thermo Varioskan Flash Multi Detection microplate reader (2 citations)

1 609 protocols using varioskan flash

Fluorometric Sensing of Hydrogen Sulfide

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H₂S and the probe HBTSeSe are hydrophilic and hydrophobic
compounds, respectively. It was reported that the probe could sufficiently
contact with H₂S in the solution of DMSO:PBS = 1:1.^{36 (link)} In this study, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and
PBS aqueous (pH 7.4, 100 mM) were pre-mixed in a 1 cm quartz cuvette
with the volume ratio of 1:1. Then 10 μM probe and 0, 0.5, 1,
2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 μM H2S were added with ratio of 0, 0.05, 0.1,
0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0, respectively. And another quartz cuvette
only contains 1:1 (v/v) of DMSO/water as the control.
To test
the selectivity of HBTSeSe, 20 μL DMSO with 100 μM HBTSeSe
was added in a 96-well ELISA plate. Then, 160 μL aqueous solution
of 1:1 (v/v) = of DMSO/PBS (pH 7.4, 100 mM) was added. Then, 20 μL
aqueous solution containing 100 mM cysteine (Cys), 10 mM glutathione
(GSH), 10 mM KSCN, 100 mM Na₂HPO₄, 100 mM KCl,
10 mM H₂O₂, and 100 μM Na₂S
were added, respectively. Thermo Scientific Varioskan Flash was used
to measure the fluorescence intensity at 460 nm with a 5 nm excite
slit and a 5 nm emission slit.
To test the kinetic of HBTSeSe
reaction with different ratios of
H₂S, different concentrations of H₂S (0, 0.5,
1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 μM H₂S) were added in the 10
μM probe solution. Then, the fluorescence intensity at 460 nm
was measured by Thermo Scientific Varioskan Flash with a 5 nm excite
slit and a 5 nm emission slit.

Guan H., Zhang A., Li P., Xia L, & Guo F. (2019). ESIPT Fluorescence Probe Based on Double-Switch Recognition Mechanism for Selective and Rapid Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide in Living Cells. ACS Omega, 4(5), 9113-9119.

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Melanization Inhibition Assay for Insect Hemolymph

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Plasma was harvested by cutting the hind legs of P. rapae larvae with scissors and diluted four times into ice-cold TBS buffer (20 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, pH = 7.6). Cell-free hemolymph was obtained by centrifugation at 4°C and 3000 × g for 10 min to remove hemocytes. To screen for the inhibitory activities of PpSerpin-1 isoforms on host melanization, 5 μl of recombinant protein (0.2 μg/μl) was mixed with 10 μl of diluted P. rapae hemolymph in a 384-well plate. For each sample, 5 μl of elicitor (0.1 μg/μl M. luteus) and 5 μl of substrate solution (50 mM L-Dopa in PBS, pH = 7.5) were first mixed and added to another 384-well plate, which was fixed upside down on the sample plate. By centrifuging these two oppositely fixed 384-well plates, the PPO (prophenoloxidase) cascade was activated in each well simultaneously. Plates were measured at A470 and 25°C every 5 min for 2 h using a Varioskan Flash multimode reader (Thermo Scientific, USA). For dose-dependent assays, 5 μl of recombinant protein was mixed with 15 μl of diluted P. rapae hemolymph and 5 μl of elicitor (0.1 μg/μl M. luteus). After incubation at 25°C for ~10 min, 800 μl of substrate solution (20 mM Dopa in PBS, pH = 6.5) was added. Samples (200 μl) were monitored at A470 in 96-well plates for 20 min using a Varioskan Flash multimode reader (Thermo Scientific, USA). One unit of PO activity was defined as 0.001 △A470/min.

Yan Z., Fang Q., Song J., Yang L., Xiao S., Wang J, & Ye G. (2023). A serpin gene from a parasitoid wasp disrupts host immunity and exhibits adaptive alternative splicing. PLOS Pathogens, 19(9), e1011649.

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Cellular Metabolism Profiling

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To study changes in cellular metabolism, cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and lactate levels in the medium were measured. Cells were seeded into six‐well plates for transfection until they reached approximately 80%‐90% confluency. Forty‐eight hours after transfection with IDH3a siRNA, the culture medium was collected for the measurement of the lactate concentration. The tumor cells were washed, centrifuged, and lysed. Lysates were collected for measurement of ATP levels. Relative cellular ATP content was measured using an ATP assay kit (Beyotime Biotech, Cat. # S0026) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Chemiluminescence was read using a multimode microplate reader (Thermo Fisher, Varioskan Flash). The lactate concentrations were measured using a Lactate assay kit (KeyGen, Cat. # KGT023) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Optical densities at 530 nm were read using a microplate reader (Thermo Fisher, Varioskan Flash). Measurements were performed in three independent experiments.

Du B., Sun T., Li X., Diao Y, & Li Y. (2019). Effect of IDH3a on glucose uptake in lung adenocarcinoma: A pilot study based on [18F]FDG. Cancer Medicine, 8(11), 5341-5351.

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Fluorescence-based Oxidative Stress Assay

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DCF stock solution (1 mM) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) stock solution (4 μM) were prepared with a Tris buffer (20 mM Tris-HCl/150 mM NaCl, pH 7.4), as described in the reported procedures [58 (link)]. The same buffer was used to prepare a 4 µM HRP (horseradish peroxidase) stock solution. All samples were incubated at ambient temperature after adding 10 µM ascorbate that either did or did not contain MnPM (0.025 mM), and then 200 µL of each solution was pipetted into one well of a black 96-well flat-bottomed microplate. DCFH-DA (100 µM) and HRP (0.04 µM) were supplemented, and then the samples were left in the dark at ambient temperature. Fluorescent intensity (λ_ex = 485 nm, λ_em = 650 nm) were captured every 10 min from 0 to 2400 min with Thermo Scientific Varioskan Flash microplate reader (Varioskan Flash, Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Spectra of (H₂en)₆[Cu(en)(H₂O)][Cu(en)(H₂O)₃][P₂Mo₅O₂₃] (CuPM), manganese molybdate (MM), MnCl₂ (Mn²⁺), blank group (Ctrl), (H₂en)₃[Mn(H₂O)₄][Mn(H₂O)₃]₂[P₂Mo₅O₂₃]₂ (MnPM), and purified water were also captured for comparison under the same conditions, as presented above.

Hua J., Wang F., Wei X., Qin Y., Lian J., Wu J., Ma P, & Ma X. (2023). A Nanoenzyme Constructed from Manganese and Strandberg-Type Phosphomolybdate with Versatility in Antioxidant and Modulating Conformation of Aβ Protein Misfolding Aggregates In Vitro. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(5), 4317.

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MTS Assay for Cell Viability

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Cell viability was measured with the CellTiter 96 Aqueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay (MTS, Promega, USA, Cat No: G3582) according to the manufacturer's instructions. HCAECs were seeded in 96-well plates (1 × 10⁴ cells/well) for 24 h, after which H₂O₂ and autophagy inhibitors were added for further stimulation. After reaching the designated time point, the original culture solution was removed and discarded and the wells were washed with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (1×, EUROIMMUN, Cat No: F160811CD), followed by addition of 10 μL/well MTS reagent and 90 μL/well DMEM and incubation at 37°C for 1 h in the dark. The absorbance was measured with a Varioskan Flash reader (Varioskan Flash, Thermo Scientific, USA) at a wavelength of 490 nm.

Wang Y., Song X., Li Z., Liu N., Yan Y., Li T., Sun W., Guan Y., Li M., Yang Y., Yang X, & Liu B. (2020). MicroRNA-103 Protects Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress via BNIP3-Mediated End-Stage Autophagy and Antipyroptosis Pathways. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2020, 8351342.

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Antioxidant Enzyme and Lipid Peroxidation Assay

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Plasma SOD was determined by the microdilution method (the kit of Shanghai cable bridge Biotechnology Co., Ltd.). The blood sample was replaced by distilled water in the control tube. All mixtures were kept at room temperature for 30 minutes. The absorbance of the mixture was measured with a Thermo Scientific Varioskan Flash at 560 nm. The SOD content was calculated according to the instructions. The value was expressed as U/mLof SOD. The amount of MDA was evaluated by spectrophotometry (the kit of Shanghai cable bridge Biotechnology Co., Ltd.). 0.3 mL of reagent 1 was transferred into a 1.5 ml centrifuge tube, 0.1 ml serum was added, and fully mixed. The mixture was heated in water at 95 ° C for 30 minutes, the test tube was placed in an ice bath. The absorbance of 532 nm (= A532) and 600 nm (= A600) was determined by Thermo Scientific Varioskan Flash, ΔA = A532-a600. The unit of MDA used in the laboratory is nmol / mL.

Yin X., Nie J., Nie X, & Nie Y. (2022). The relationship between nuclear factor-erythrocyte-related factor 2 and antioxidant enzymes in the placenta of patients with gestational diabetes and the metabolism of umbilical cord endothelial cells. Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France), 68(12).

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Quantifying Inflammatory Mediators in Cell Culture

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Cells were cultured for 72 h with IL-1β/IL-6/TNF-α and co-incubated with either Neu5Ac-inhib or Fucose-inhib. Medium was collected and centrifuged at 2,000 ×g for 10 min to remove debris. Supernatant was removed and total protein collected. Samples were analysed using an MMP-13/ADAMTS-4 ELISA as per the manufacturer's instructions. The plate was prepared using appropriate lyophilised recombinant protein standards and fluorescence detection based on electrochemiluminescence was performed using the Varioskan Flash™ (Thermo Fisher Scientific) set at an OD of 450 nm. A standard curve was plotted based on the ladder of standard concentrations and sample absorbance measurements were plotted against this to determine the absolute quantity of MMP-13/ ADAMTS-4 in the medium. Concentration values obtained were normalised to protein expression determined by BCA assay. Briefly, BCA assay was performed by pipetting 25 µL standards and sample replicates into microplate wells. 200 µL of working reagent was added to each well and mixed on a plate shaker for 30 s. The plate was covered and incubated for 30 min at 37 °C. The plate was allowed to cool to room temperature before measuring the absorbance at 562 nm using a plate reader (Varioskan Flash™, Thermo Fisher Scientific).

Joyce K., Mohd Isa I.L., Krouwels A., Creemers L., Devitt A, & Pandit A. (2021). The role of altered glycosylation in human nucleus pulposus cells in inflammation and degeneration. European cells & materials, 41.

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Progesterone and Estrogen Response to A. racemosus

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The MCF-7 cells were exposed to extracts of A. racemosus in the concentrations 534, 267 and 133.5 µg/mL (2 times IC50, IC50 and half dose of IC50) for 96 hours. The culture media were collected every 48 and 96 hours and replaced with fresh media containing the extract. The assay was done in triplicates.
The total progesterone level in the cell culture media was estimated using Progesterone ELISA kit provided by Abnova Coorpartion, USA as per manufactures protocol. The absorbance was measured using microplate reader (Varioskan Flash, Thermofischer Scientific, Finland) at a wavelength of 450 nm. The mean absorbance values were calculated.
The total oestrogen level in the cell culture media was estimated using Enzyme-Immunoassay kit provided by Omega diagnostics as per manufactures protocol. The absorbance was measured using microplate reader (Varioskan Flash, Thermofischer Scientific, Finland) at a wavelength of 450 nm. The mean absorbance values of standard and samples were calculated.
The standard curve was plotted for both hormones using the mean absorbance of each standard on Y-axis and the concentration on Xaxis. Online curve fitting software AAT Bioquest was used for plotting the 4 Parameter logistic Curve for ELISA and the regression equation was derived.

Gowda D., Samraj S., Ravindran N., Kariyil B.J., Kanakkaparambil R., Krishnan A.K., & Shahjahan H.J. (2021). Modulation of steroid hormone synthesis by alcoholic extract of Asparagus racemosus on MCF-7 cells. The Journal of Phytopharmacology, 10(6), 429-432.

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Cytotoxicity and Proliferation Assays for HK-2 Cells

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CCK-8 was applied to examine HK-2 cell viability. In short, after treatment, CCK-8 solution (10 μl) was added into the culture medium (100 μl) at the required wells at 37 °C for 2 h. After that, the optical density of each sample was analyzed at 450 nm using a microplate reader (Varioskan Flash, Thermo Electron Corporation, Waltham, MA. USA). Cell viability was expressed by calculating the ration of average optical density of treatment group/control group. In addition, after being treated, EdU incorporation assay was applied to determine the cell proliferation in keeping with the manufacturer's instructions. The EdU-positive cells were obtained with the aid of a fluorescence microscope (DMi 8; Leica, Microsystems, Germany). For determination of HK-2 cell apoptosis, TUNEL assay was utilized to obtain TUNEL-positive cells, and the cell apoptosis was simultaneously evaluated by a flow cytometry (Cytoflex LX, Beckman, Indianapolis, IN, USA) using Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kits (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA). LDH release assay was conducted by using LDH assay kits in line with the manufacturer's suggestions, and the optical density was measured at the absorbance of 450 nm using a microplate reader (Varioskan Flash, Waltham, Thermo Electron Corporation, MA. USA).

Sun H.J., Xiong S.P., Cao X., Cao L., Zhu M.Y., Wu Z.Y, & Bian J.S. (2020). Polysulfide-mediated sulfhydration of SIRT1 prevents diabetic nephropathy by suppressing phosphorylation and acetylation of p65 NF-κB and STAT3. Redox Biology, 38, 101813.

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Evaluating BiOCl Nanosheets' Impact on BMSC Proliferation

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To evaluate cell proliferation on BiOCl nanosheets, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs, CRL-12424, ATCC, USA) were cultured with BiOCl and analyzed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Briefly, BMSCs were seeded in 96-well cell culture plates at densities of 2500 cell per well in DMEM containing 10% FBS at 37 °C in a humid atmosphere of 5% CO₂. After 24 h incubation, the cells were incubated with BiOCl nanosheets of different concentrations. Cells, cultured in the medium without nanomaterials, were used as the negative control. After an additional 24 h of incubation, 10 μL of the CCK-8 reagent (Dojindo, Japan) was added, and the culture was incubated another 2 h at 37 °C. The optical density was measured using a spectral scanning multimode reader (Thermo Scientific Varioskan Flash, USA) at a 450 nm wavelength. For light illuminated groups, cells were cultured with nanosheets in the same manner as the aforementioned process. After cells were incubated with BiOCl nanosheets for 24 h, the nanosheets and blank controls were illuminated at 365 nm with a LED source at a power density of 4.25 mW cm⁻² for 30 min, then the same condition with normal CCK-8 tests.

Ren W., Lin Z., Fan Y., Xing J., Liu G., Xiao T., Wang Z., Zhou Z., Zhang T., Song Z., Yu P, & Ning C. (2022). Programmable biological state-switching photoelectric nanosheets for the treatment of infected wounds. Materials Today Bio, 15, 100292.

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