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6 protocols using holo human tf

1

Nanoparticle-Based Cell Line Evaluation

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Hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine (HSPC), cholesterol (Chol), methoxy-poly (ethylene glycol) 2000-distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (PEG-DSPE) were purchased from Lipoid (Ludwigshafen, Germany).3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was obtained from Gibco (Gibco BRL Co. Ltd, USA). DCFH-DA, a fluorescent dye, was obtained from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). 5, 5′, 6, 6′-Tetrachloro-1, 1′, 3, 3′-tetraethyl-imidacarbocyanine iodide (JC-1), 1, 2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, 7-nitrobenzofurazan-labeled (NBD-DOPE), sulforhodamine B, and holo human Tf were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). 4', 6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) was purchased from Invitrogen Molecular Probes (Oregon). HeLa, HepG2, HEK-293T cell lines were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).
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2

Iron Source Supplementation in Bacterial Growth

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Bacterial strains were grown in BHI broth overnight at 37 °C in a shaking incubator. The liquid culture was then diluted with BHI to an OD of 0.05 and 100 μL of the diluted culture was used to inoculate BHI plates containing 50 μg/mL of desferrioxamine mesylate or Desferal (Sigma). Tf and Lf were prepared by dissolving holo human Tf (Sigma), holo human Lf (Sigma), or holo porcine Tf (Gibco) in 50 mM HEPES pH 8.0, 50 mM NaCl. Haemin was prepared by incubating 10 mg in 10 mL of 4% v/v triethanolamine. 5 μL of each of the iron sources was spotted onto the desferrated BHI agar plate that was incubated at 37 °C with 5% CO2.
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3

Targeted Delivery of Anti-Survivin siRNA

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Materials. 2-Chlorotrityl chloride resins and fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl-L-arginine (Fmoc-Arg) were obtained from JiEr Biochemical Co. (Shanghai, China). Stearic acid (StA; 98.5%), cholesterol, holo-human Tf, 2-iminothiolane hydrochloride (Traut's reagent) and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Egg phosphatidylcholine (ePC) was purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL, USA). Distearylphosphatidylethanolamine-polyethyleneglycol (M.W. 2,000)-maleimide (DSPE-PEG2000-Mal) was purchased from Shanghai Advanced Vehicle Technology Pharmaceutical Ltd. Co. (Shanghai, China). Fetal bovine serum (FBS), Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) and 0.25% (w/v) trypsin were from HyClone (Logan, UT, USA). Anti-survivin siRNA, and 6-carboxyfluorescein (FAM)labeled siRNA were synthesized by Ribo Biochemistry (Guangzhou, China). 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) was purchased from Invitrogen Molecular Probes (Eugene, OR, USA). All other reagents were commercially purchased in reagent-grade.
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4

Fluorescent Labeling of Human Transferrin

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Human holo Tf (Sigma) was conjugated to Alexa Fluor 700 (AF700) or AF750 (Life Technologies) through monoreactive N-hydroxysuccinimide ester to lysine residues in the presence of 100 mM sodium bicarbonate, pH 8.3, according to manufacturer's instructions 14 (link). The probes were purified using Amicon Ultra-4 centrifugal filter units (MWCO 30 kDa). After extensive washes with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), the probes were reconstituted in PBS and protein concentration was normalized to 1 mg/mL 14 (link),22 (link). The degree of labeling of the probes was assessed by spectrophotometer DU 640 (Beckman Coulter, Fullerton, CA, USA). The average degree of labeling was no more than 2 fluorophores per Tf molecule. Custom Tf-QC-1 conjugation was performed by Li-Cor (Lincoln, NB, USA) with average dye to protein ratio of 3. All ligands were normalized to concentration 1 mg/mL in phosphate-buffered saline pH 7.6 and filter sterilized. In Figure S1, several fluorescently labeled or unlabeled Tf probes, kept at 4 °C for 2-6 weeks since conjugation, were subjected to immunoblotting analysis using anti-human Tf. All Tf probes displayed overall good protein stability when stored at 4 °C, for 2-6 weeks.
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5

Alexa Fluor Conjugation of Human Holo Transferrin

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Human holo Tf (Sigma cat# T8158) was conjugated to Alexa Fluor 700 or Alexa Fluor 750 (Life Technologies cat#A20010 or A20011) through monoreactive N-hydroxysuccinimide ester to lysine residues in the presence of 100 mM Na bicarbonate, pH 8.3, according to manufacturer’s instructions [15 ]. The probes were purified by dialysis. The degree of labeling of the probes was assessed by spectrophotometer DU 640 (Beckman Coulter, Fullerton, CA, USA). The average degree of labeling was 2 fluorophores per Tf molecule.
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6

PEGylated Lipid-Based Nanocarrier Formulation

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1,2-Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (PEG2000-PE) (Corden Pharma Switzerland LLC, Liestal, Switzerland), and 1,2- dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) were obtained from Avanti Polar Lipids Inc. (Alabaster, AL). pNP-PEG3400-pNP was obtained from Laysan Bio (Arab, AL). The commercial lipids were used directly without further purification. The DM-PIT-1, analog NCL-240, was synthesized at the National Chemical Laboratory (Pune, India). Human holo-Tf used for surface modification of the micelles was obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Bicinchoninic acid assay (BCATM) kits for determining protein concentrations were purchased from Thermo Scientific (Rockford, IL). 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-(lissamine rhodamine B sulfonyl) (Rh-PE) was purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc. (Alabaster, AL).
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