Tegaderm transparent film dressing

Cellulose papers (CFP42‐457) were purchased from STERLITECH., Inc, USA as the wicking pads. The flexible TPE layer (9984 Diagnostic Microfluidic Surfactant Free Medical Hydrophilic Film), biocompatible adhesive (Medical Tape 1522, Double Sided Transparent Polyethylene), transparent acrylate adhesives (Microfluidic Diagnostic Tape, 9969 Adhesive Transfer Tape), and a waterproof adhesive layer (Tegaderm Transparent Film Dressing) were provided by 3M, Co, USA. The PSA (AR care @8939 as a polyester film with a double‐sided medical pressure‐sensitive adhesive) was purchased from Adhesives Research., Inc, USA. The lateral flow nitrocellulose (Vivid 90 LFNC, VIV92503R, the wicking rate of 70–110 s cm⁻⁴) was provided by PALL., Co, NY, USA, and the microfiber glass (Grade 121,) was supplied by Ahlstrom‐Munksjö., Co, Finland. The Human Cortisol ELISA Kits were purchased from two suppliers: LS‐F10024 purchased from Life Span Biosciences., Co, USA, and ab108665 purchased from Abcam., Ltd, Canada.

A roll of 1.75 mm diameter PLA filament was purchased from Sondori, South Korea, and cut into lengths of ≤1 cm with scissors for thermocompression molding. A sheet of PTFE (3 mm thick) was purchased from Mirae International Trading, Gunpo, South Korea. The release agent (Easy-Lease™) was used to enable PLA microneedles to be detached from PTFE molds after thermocompression molding and was purchased from Easy Composites Ltd., Longton, UK. Adhesive film (Tegaderm™ transparent film dressing), which was used to attach the microneedle sensor to skin, was purchased from 3M, South Korea, and phosphate buffered saline (PBS 1X) was from Lonza, Switzerland.

This was studied for eight subjects (mean age 29 ± 12 years, five males and three females), with several participating in other sets of observations (n = 6). The experimental protocol consisted of positive impulses (at two intensities: 0 and +6 dB) and tendon hammer taps applied over C7 while both standing and kneeling. After completion of the baseline observations, local anaesthetic was applied over C7 either topically (n = 5) or via subcutaneous injection (n = 3). Topical anaesthesia was applied over a 6 × 7 cm area using 5 % EMLA cream (AstraZeneca Australia, North Ryde) and secured with Tegaderm transparent film dressing (3 M Health Care, MN). Subcutaneous administration was carried out using 3–4 ml of 2 % lignocaine hydrochloride (Pfizer Australia, West Ryde) injected to 4–6 sites around the usual stimulation site. Skin sensation was assessed approximately 45–60 min postapplication using neurological examination pins (Neurotips, Owen Mumford Inc., GA). Overall, the anesthetised region was approximately 5 cm × 6 cm and included the area of the applied stimuli. The subjects were then retested.

Four different activity monitors were simultaneously used for this study: ActiGraph wGT3X-BT (ActiGraph, Ft. Pensacola, FL, USA), ActivPAL3c VT (PAL Technologies, Glasgow, UK), GENEActiv Original (Activinsights Limited, Kimbolton, Cambridgeshire, UK), and DynaPort MM+ (McRoberts B.V., The Hague, The Netherlands). Each monitor was set to its default settings and worn as recommended by the manufacturer.
ActiGraph wGT3X-BT (46 × 33 × 15 mm, 19 g) was sampled at the default setting of 30 Hz (with the low-frequency extension filter applied) and worn around the waist on the mid-axillary line of the right hip using an elastic band. ActivPAL3c VT (35 × 53 × 7 mm, 15 g) was sampled at 20 Hz and mounted on the right anterior mid-thigh (at 50% femur length, the latter being the distance between the trochanter major and the lateral femur epicondyle) using Tegaderm™ transparent film dressing (3M Health Care, St. Paul, MN, USA). GENEActiv Original (43 × 40 × 13 mm, 16 g) was worn on two locations, each having its own sampling frequency: non-dominant wrist using medical tape (100 Hz) and left anterior mid-thigh (at 50% femur length using Tegaderm™ transparent film dressing; 60 Hz). Finally, DynaPort MM+ (106.6 × 58 × 11.5 mm, 55 g) was worn on the middle of the lower back using an elastic band and was sampled at 100 Hz (Figure 1).

An appropriate length of 3 M™ Tegaderm™ transparent film dressing (frame type 1624 W, 3 M Company, USA) was cut according to the length of stent ( which was usually 2 mm shorter than the stent), this film formed the outer layer of the self-made covered stent, and the cut transparent film was then wrapped around the surface of the stent(the parts of the stent that are not covered at both ends should be of the same length) [4 ], which was a self-made covered stent. In this experiment, the stent was wrapped 1–5 layers with film, and the expansion of the stent of wrapping different number layers with the film in vitro was observed to select the best number of layers, and then according to the best number of layers a covered stent was made for animal experiments. The stents used in this study were all drug-eluting stents(DES)(firehawk, MicroPort Medical, Shanghai).