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17 protocols using luna phenyl hexyl

1

Synthesis of Compound 7 via Fluorination

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Example 1

The compounds of the invention, and related derivatives, can be synthesized by methods known to one skilled in the art. For example, a detailed method for the synthesis of compound 7 is described below in Scheme 3.

[Figure (not displayed)]

A mixture of acetonitrile (60 mL) and ethyl 2-amino-1,3, thiazole-4-carboxilate (0.54 g, 3 mmol) and N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide (3.3 g, 9 mmol) was heated at reflux temperature for 18 hours. The color changed from yellow to reddish. The reaction mixture was concentrated and purified using chromatographic methods: column chromatography (2-5% methanol-chloroform), prep-TLC (2% methanol-chloroform), prep HPLC (column: Phenomenex Luna Phenyl-hexyl (150×4.6 mm ID, 3 μm packing), β1=215 nm, flow rate: 0.8 mL/min, injection volume: 5 mL, run time: 31 min, mobile phase gradient: A: water w 0.1% v/v TFA; B MeCN w 0.1% v/v TFA), and prep-TLC (10% meOH-chloroform) to afford a brown solid (380 mg). LCMS m/z: 145, 173, 191, 381, and 399. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ:1.3 ppm (m, 3H Me) and 4.8 ppm (m, 2H, CH2).

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2

Synthesis of Compound 7 from Ethyl 2-Amino-1,3-Thiazole-4-Carboxylate

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Example 1

The compounds of the invention, and related derivatives, can be synthesized by methods known to one skilled in the art. For example, a detailed method for the synthesis of compound 7 is described below in Scheme 3.

[Figure (not displayed)]

A mixture of acetonitrile (60 mL) and ethyl 2-amino-1,3, thiazole-4-carboxilate (0.54 g, 3 mmol) and N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide (3.3 g, 9 mmol) was heated at reflux temperature for 18 hours. The color changed from yellow to reddish. The reaction mixture was concentrated and purified using chromatographic methods: column chromatography (2-5% methanol-chloroform), prep-TLC (2% methanol-chloroform), prep HPLC (column: Phenomenex Luna Phenyl-hexyl (150×4.6 mm ID, 3 μm packing), λ1=215 nm, flow rate: 0.8 mL/min, injection volume: 5 mL, run time: 31 min, mobile phase gradient: A: water w 0.1% v/v TFA; B MeCN w 0.1% v/v TFA), and prep-TLC (10% meOH-chloroform) to afford a brown solid (380 mg). LCMS m/z: 145, 173, 191, 381, and 399. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.3 ppm (m, 3H Me) and 4.8 ppm (m, 2H, CH2).

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3

Quantifying Lincomycin and TiO2 NP Interactions

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In order to investigate the fate of lincomycin and TiO2 NPs, UV–vis spectra were acquired using a Cary 100 UV–Vis spectrophotometer (Agilent Technologies Italia S.P.A., Cernusco s/N, Milan, Italy) in the range of 190–500 nm. Chromatographic analysis was carried out using an HPLC 1260 INFINITY II system (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) equipped with an Agilent G7129A autosampler, an Agilent GY115A DAD UV–visible detector, and an Agilent G711A quaternary pump. Separation was achieved using a Phenomenex Luna Phenyl-Hexyl 150 mm × 2 mm ID column (3.0 μm particle size) using a gradient of water (A) and acetonitrile (B), both with 0.1% formic acid. Starting with 10% B, a linear gradient was followed by 25% B for 6.0 min and then held at 25% B for a further 1.0 min. Finally, the starting conditions were restored and the system was re-equilibrated for a further 1 min. The total analysis time was 8.0 min, and the flow rate was 0.3 mL min−1. The injection volume was 5.0 μL.
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4

Analytical Methods for Characterization

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Optical rotations were recorded on a JASCO P-1020 polarimeter. NMR spectra were recorded on JEOL ECP600 and ECZ600 spectrometers in a deuterated solvent whose chemical shift was taken as an internal standard. ESI-MS were obtained on a JEOL JMS-T100LP. Silica gel 60 N (Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan), Chromatorex ODS and Chromatorex PSQ100B (Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd., Kasugai, Japan) were used for column chromatography. Luna Phenyl-Hexyl (φ 10 × 250 mm) (Phenomenex Torrance, CA) was used for Preparative HPLC. Nano Drop 2000 spectrophotometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, USA) was used for protein concentrations measurement.
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5

Eicosanoid Profiling in Colon Biopsies

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Reverse-phase liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectral detection (LC-MS-MS) was used to profile eicosanoids (PGE2, PGE3, LTB4, LTB5, 5-HETE, 12-HETE, 15-HETE, 13-HODE) using methods previously developed for rodent tissues [21 (link)]. Briefly, homogenates of four frozen colon biopsies, each about 5 mg tissue, were prepared. One fourth was used for fatty acid analysis, one fourth for carotenoid analysis and one half for eicosanoid analysis. Extraction of eicosanoids for LC-MS-MS analysis was with ether. The analysis was carried out with a Luna Phenyl-Hexyl analytical column (2 × 150 mm, 3 μm particle size, Phenomenex, Torrance, CA) and deuterated internal standards (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI). Since deuterated compounds were not available for PGE3 and LTB5, PGE2-d4 was used for quantifying both PGE2 and PGE3, and LTB4-d4 was used for quantifying LTB4 and LTB5. A small portion of the homogenate was also used for analysis of total protein by the Bradford assay.
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6

Synthesis of Substituted Thiazole Compound

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Example 1

The compounds of the invention, and related derivatives, can be synthesized by methods known to one skilled in the art. For example, a detailed method for the synthesis of compound 7 is described below in Scheme 3.

[Figure (not displayed)]

A mixture of acetonitrile (60 mL) and ethyl 2-amino-1,3, thiazole-4-carboxylate (0.54 g, 3 mmol) and N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide (3.3 g, 9 mmol) was heated at reflux temperature for 18 hours. The color changed from yellow to reddish. The reaction mixture was concentrated and purified using chromatographic methods: column chromatography (2-5% methanol-chloroform), prep-TLC (2% methanol-chloroform), prep HPLC (column: Phenomenex Luna Phenyl-hexyl (150×4.6 mm ID, 3 μm packing), λ1=215 nm, flow rate: 0.8 mL/min, injection volume: 5 mL, run time: 31 min, mobile phase gradient: A: water w 0.1% v/v TFA; B MeCN w 0.1% v/v TFA), and prep-TLC (10% meOH-chloroform) to afford a brown solid (380 mg). LCMS m/z: 145, 173, 191, 381, and 399. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.3 ppm (m, 3H Me) and 4.8 ppm (m, 2H, CH2).

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7

Phenolic Compounds Analysis in Brine

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Phenolic compounds (oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol and verbascoside) in brine were analyzed by HPLC. A mixture of 0.2 mL of brine, 0.1 mL of internal standard (100 mg/L gallic acid) and 0.2 mL of water was filtered through a 0.45 µm pore size nylon filter and an aliquot (20 µL) was injected into the chromatograph. The HPLC system consisted of a Waters 2695 separation module (Waters Assoc., Milford, MA, USA) connected to a Waters 996 photodiode array detector and controlled with Empower 2 software (Waters). The chromatographic conditions were as follows: column, Luna Phenyl-Hexyl (5 µm, 250 × 4.6 mm, Phenomenex, Torrance, CA, USA); column temperature, 35 °C; flow rate, 1 mL/min; mobile phase, (A) water adjusted to pH 2.0 with phosphoric acid and (B) methanol; gradient solvent program, 0–10 min, 90% A to 70% A; 10–30 min, 70% A; 30–40 min, 70% A to 60% A; 40–45 min, 60% A; 45–50 min, 60% A to 50% A; 50–66 min, 50% A to 10% A; and 66–67 min, 10% A to 90% A. The detection of phenolic compounds was conducted at 280 nm. All phenolic compounds were identified by comparing their retention times and UV-visible spectra to those of authentic standards. For quantification by the external standard method, the calibration curves of each phenolic compound in methanol were used.
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8

HPLC Analysis of Purified Samples

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Purified samples (~0.5 mg mL−1, 10 µL) were injected onto a LC (Shimadzu 10AVp), with UV detection (210 nm), using a Luna phenyl-hexyl (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm; Phenomenex, Torrance, CA, USA) column eluted with 0.9:1 CH3CN-H2O (pH 3.3, formic acid) at 1 mL min−1. The column temperature was 30 °C.
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9

HPLC Analysis of Pharmaceutical Compounds

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The HPLC analysis of PAR, IBU, OLA, SIM, and SIMA was carried out using a Dionex Ultimate 3000 system equipped with an auto injector and four variable UV/VIS dual wavelength detectors. The column used for the analysis was a Luna Phenyl-Hexyl, Phenomenex (Torrance, USA), with 5 µm particle size, 3 mm internal diameter and 150 mm length, supported with a SecurityGuard™ cartridge Phenomenex (Torrance, USA), with 3.0 mm internal diameter, which was in an oven at a temperature of 35 ˚C. The data were recorded using Chromeleon software. Chromatographic analysis was conducted in multistep gradient mode, as indicated in Table 1. Preferentially, the UV detector was set at 230 nm for the simultaneous detection of PAR, IBU, OLA, SIM, and SIMA. The injection volume was 10 µL for standard and samples. Before analysis, every standard and sample was filtered through 0.22 µm filters. A run time of 8 min was found adequate for the separation of the five analytes, followed by a washing step of 3 min with buffer between runs.

Chromatographic conditions of the gradient HPLC method.

Table 1
Time (min)Eluent A (%)Eluent B (%)Flow rate (ml min−1)
030700.8
140600.8
260400.8
565350.8
770300.8
830700.8

Eluent A: acetonitrile; Eluent B: phosphate buffer at pH 7.3.

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10

Quantitative Analysis of Sweeteners

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The homogenizer (Retsch Knife Mill Grindomix GM200) was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific Co. (Haan, Germany) and the centrifuge (model Himac CF 16RX) was purchased from Hitachi Koki Co (Ibaraki, Japan). The ultrasonicator was purchased from Ney Dental Inc. (Yucaipa, CA, USA). The LC system was performed using Dionex Co. (Sunnyvale, CA, USA) with an autosampler and 30 μL sample loop. The LC-electrospray ionization (ESI)–MS/MS detection of sweeteners was achieved using an AB SCIEX QTRAP 4000 (Framingham, MA, USA) mass spectrometer. Data acquisition was conducted using the Analyst 6.1 software (Framingham, MA, USA). The sweeteners were separated on an analytical column, Luna Phenyl-Hexyl (5 μm, 4.6 × 150 mm) from Phenomenex (Torrance, CA, USA).
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