Spectrum two atr ftir spectrometer

The syntheses of the complexes were carried out using standard Schlenk techniques. Solvents were sourced as extra dry from “Acros Organics” and were stored over either 4 Å or 3 Å molecular sieves. The NMR solvents, CDCl₃ and C₆D₆ were stored in a Young’s ampule over 4 Å molecular sieves under a N₂ atmosphere and were degassed through freeze−thaw cycles prior to use. Reagents were used as purchased from commercial sources. The ligand salts Li[^RBai] (where R = Me, Ph or Naphth) [29 (link),37 (link),38 (link)] were synthesized according to standard literature procedures. NMR spectroscopy experiments were conducted on a Bruker 400 MHz AscendTM 400 spectrometer. All spectra were referenced internally to the residual protic solvent (¹H) or the signals of the solvent (¹³C). Proton (¹H) and carbon (¹³C) assignments were further supported using HSQC, HMBC and COSY NMR experiments. In these cases, the apparent coupling constant is provided. Infrared spectra were recorded on a PerkinElmer Spectrum Two ATR FT-IR spectrometer as powder films. Elemental analysis was performed at London Metropolitan University using their elemental analysis service. Mass spectra were recorded at Cardiff University analytical services. Crystallographic details on data collection and parameters are outlined in the Supplementary Materials.

The morphology of the immobilized laccase was studied using Inspect-F scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with EDAX at an accelerating voltage of 30 kV. The presence of PANI and Nafion functional groups was detected using Perkin Elmer Spectrum Two FTIR-ATR Spectrometer with a plain carbon electrode as the background.